Kusan mutane 50,000 sun gudu daga wani kwatsam ci gaba da sojojin Houthi suka yi a yammacin Yemen, sun bar dukan ƙauyuka babu kowa kuma iyalai sun makale kusa da yaƙin gaba da raguwar kayan abinci, a cewar ma'aikatan agaji. Fararen hula a cikin ƙasa mafi talauci a Gabas ta Tsakiya sun zama waɗanda aka azabtar da wani gwagwarmaya na duniya don iko a kan ɗaya daga cikin muhimman hanyoyin jigilar kayayyaki a duniya, wanda ke barazanar mayar da rikicin Yemen na lokaci-lokaci zuwa yaƙi na dindindin. A wani ci gaba na walƙiya a wannan makon, mayaƙan Houthi da Iran ke goyon baya sun kwace jerin garuruwa a bakin tekun Red Sea daga sojojin da ke biyayya ga gwamnatin Yemen da Amurka da Saudi Arabia ke goyon baya. An ba da rahoton cewa an kashe ɗaruruwan mutane. Mutane da yawa suna tsoron komawa ga cikakken yaƙin basasa wanda ya kashe mutane 150,000 kuma ya tura wasu da yawa zuwa bakin yunwa.
Ƙungiyar Ƙaura ta Duniya ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (IOM) ta ce ranar Juma'a cewa mutane 46,000 sun rasa muhallansu a lardunan Taiz da Hodeidah, inda manyan tsaunuka masu kore suka ba da hanya ga filayen bakin teku masu bushewa. Ga iyalai da yawa, wannan shi ne karo na biyu ko ma na uku da aka tilasta musu barin gidajensu.
An ga adadi mai yawa na mutane suna barin birnin da kayan su. Yaƙi ya yanke muhimman hanyoyi, kuma layukan waya sun lalace a wasu yankuna. "Girman ƙaura yana ƙaruwa cikin sauri," in ji Joe Lowry, mai magana da yawun IOM na Gabas ta Tsakiya da Arewacin Afirka a Alkahira.
Bukatun da suka fi gaggawa sun haɗa da matsuguni na gaggawa, taimakon kuɗi, abinci, ruwan sha, kayan gida, kiwon lafiya da sabis na kariya. "Fararen hula suna ɗaukar nauyin sake barkewar yaƙin gaba, hare-haren jiragen sama, harbin bindiga, da ƙaura mai yawa," in ji Lowry. "Yawancin waɗanda suka gudu sun isa da kayan da ba su da yawa bayan sun tashi ba zato ba tsammani, saboda harbin bindiga da ci gaban gaba."
Lowry ya ce ma'aikatan agaji suna ci gaba da sake tantance hanyoyin shiga da daidaita motsi yayin da yanayin ke canzawa. "Yanayi ne mai matuƙar canzawa da rashin tabbas wanda ke da saurin sauye-sauyen yanki, motsin jama'a da ƙaruwar damuwa tsakanin al'ummomi game da ƙarin tashin hankali," in ji shi.
Ci gaban Houthi ya zo ba zato ba tsammani kuma cikin sauri, musamman faɗuwar birnin tashar jiragen ruwa na Mocha – wanda ake ɗaukarsa a matsayin wurin haifuwar kasuwancin kofi na duniya da asalin kalmar kofi mai ɗanɗanon cakulan.
Mohamed, mai shekaru 46, wanda ya bar Mocha da tsakar dare, ya shaida wa Agence France-Presse cewa akwai yanayi na "kisan gilla" a birnin. Wani mutum, Mujahid Tahami, wanda ya nufi birnin Aden da ke kudancin da gwamnati ke riƙe, ya ce wasu iyalai sun faɗa cikin "satar gangami yayin da suke ƙoƙarin gudu." Wasu sun ba da rahoton cewa sun yi nasarar gudu cikin lokaci, wasu a kan babura, amma wasu 'yan uwa ba su yi sa'a ba kuma sun makale.
Masu sharhi kan Yemen sun daɗe suna sukar Amurka da ƙawayenta saboda ɗaukar tsarin tsaro kan ƙasar wanda ba ya daraja diflomasiyya da ci gaba. Washington ta ƙaddamar da yaƙin hare-haren jiragen sama marasa matuƙi kan mayaƙan al-Qaida na Sunni tsawon yawancin ƙarni na 21, amma ba ta mai da hankali sosai ga tawayen Shia Houthi mai tsaurin ra'ayi ba har sai da sojojinsu suka kwace babban birnin a 2014.
Ta hanyar kwace muhimman yankuna a wannan makon, ciki har da tsibirai a bakin teku, Houthi masu adawa da yamma suna fatan samun kasancewar kai tsaye kusa da mashigar Bab al-Mandab, yanki mai nisan mil 20 na ruwa da muhimmiyar hanyar kasuwanci da makamashi da ke haɗa Asiya da Turai. Sunan mashigar ana fassara shi da "Ƙofar Hawaye" ko "Ƙofar Baƙin Ciki" – ƙarfin igiyoyin ruwa da iskoki sun sa hanyar tsakanin Larabawa da gabashin Afirka ta kasance mai haɗari tsawon ƙarnuka. Jiragen ruwa na zamani ba su da matsala ta jiki wajen wucewa. Amma idan Houthi suka rufe wannan muhimmin mahaɗar ruwa, tasirin kan tattalin arzikin duniya zai iya zama bala'i. Jiragen ruwa za su sake zagayawa kusa da ƙarshen kudancin Afirka, suna ƙara dubban mil na ruwa. Yaƙin ya riga ya tura farashin mai sama da dala 100 kan ganga bayan makonni ana ciniki kusa da dala 80.
Yaƙin a Yemen, tare da hare-haren makami mai linzami na Houthi kan Saudi Arabia, yana wakiltar mafi girman tashin hankali a ƙasar tun shirin zaman lafiya da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta shirya a 2022.
Wakilin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na musamman kan Yemen, Hans Grundberg, ya shaida wa taron gaggawa na majalisar tsaro ranar Alhamis cewa ƙasar na fuskantar "wani sabon mataki na yaƙi mafi haɗari."
"Wannan sabon yaƙi ya kamata ya firgita mu duka," in ji Grundberg. "Yana nuna ƙarshen kwanciyar hankali da Yemen ta samu sama da shekaru huɗu tun tsagaitawar da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta shirya. Ba wai kawai yana barazanar jefa Yemen cikin yaƙi mai tsawo da faɗaɗawa ba, har ma yana haɗarin sake jawo ƙasar cikin babban rikicin yanki da ba a warware ba, tare da tasirin duniya."
'Fararen hula suna ɗaukar nauyin sake barkewar yaƙin gaba, hare-haren jiragen sama, harbin bindiga, da ƙaura mai yawa,' in ji Joe Lowry na IOM. Hoto: Yahya Arhab/EPA
Rashin kwanciyar hankali a Yemen manyan ƙasashen yanki kamar Saudi Arabia, Iran da Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa sun yi amfani da shi wajen yin yaƙin wakilai, kuma rashin kawo ƙarshen tashin hankalin ya haifar da haɓakar ƙungiyoyin mayaƙa masu ƙarfi. Yaƙin Amurka da Isra'ila kan Iran ya ƙara tsananta tashin hankali, tare da ƙiyayyar yanki a matakin mafi girma.
Wannan ya ƙara dagula ɗaya daga cikin mafi munin rikicin jin kai a duniya. Rahoton jin kai na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na baya-bayan nan, wanda aka fitar a watan jiya, ya yi gargaɗi cewa ƙasar mai mutane miliyan 40 na fuskantar rikicin rashin abinci mai gina jiki mai zurfi, inda kusan rabin al'ummar ke fuskantar matsanancin rashin abinci a duk faɗin ƙasar.
"Shekaru na rikici, tabarbarewar tattalin arziki, ƙaura, girgizar yanayi da tashin hankalin yanki sun ci gaba da raunana hanyoyin rayuwa da juriyar gida," in ji rahoton. "A lokaci guda, raguwar kuɗaɗen agaji da matsalolin aiki suna iyakance ikon ƙungiyoyin agaji na samar da taimako a matakin da ake buƙata."
A bakin tekun Red Sea, waɗanda suka tsira daga sabuwar fafatawar sun tsira, amma an bar su cikin firgici.
"Bala'i ne, kuma hare-haren na ci gaba," in ji Mohammed Khudairi, wanda ya gudu daga yaƙin zuwa sansanin ƙaura na bukkoki na itace da bambaro kusa da yankunan Khokha. "Mun yi nasarar fita, amma wasu sun makale a can."
Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi
Ga jerin tambayoyin da ake yawan yi game da ƙaurar kusan fararen hula 50,000 na Yemen saboda ci gaban Houthi a bakin tekun Red Sea
Abubuwan Asali
Me ke faruwa a Yemen a yanzu
Sojojin Houthi suna ci gaba a bakin tekun Red Sea Wannan yaƙin ya tilasta kusan fararen hula 50,000 gudu daga gidajensu don neman tsira
Su wanene Houthi
Houthi ƙungiya ce ta siyasa da makamai da ke iko da manyan sassan Yemen ciki har da babban birnin Sanaa Suna yaƙin basasa da gwamnatin Yemen da duniya ta amince da ita da kawancen da Saudi Arabia ke jagoranta tun 2014
Daga ina mutane suke guduwa daidai
Mutane suna guduwa daga yankuna a bakin tekun Red Sea na yamma Wannan ya haɗa da manyan biranen tashar jiragen ruwa da garuruwan da ke kewaye waɗanda suka zama fagen yaƙi mai aiki a rikicin
Me ya sa suke guduwa
Suna guduwa ne don guje wa haɗarin yaƙi nan take Wannan ya haɗa da hare-haren jiragen sama, yaƙin ƙasa, harbin bindiga da tsoron faɗa cikin wuta tsakanin ƙungiyoyi masu gaba da juna
Ina waɗannan mutane suke zuwa
Yawancinsu suna ƙaura zuwa yankuna mafi aminci a ciki ko can kudu kamar sansanonin ƙaura ko al'ummomin da suka karɓe su a wasu larduna Da yawa suna nufi biranen kamar Aden ko Marib waɗanda ake ɗauka mafi aminci
Tambayoyi Masu Zurfi
Menene bakin tekun Red Sea kuma me ya sa yake da muhimmanci
Bakin tekun Red Sea shi ne iyakar yammacin Yemen Yana da muhimmanci ta fuskar dabaru saboda ya haɗa da manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa kamar Hodeidah waɗanda suke da muhimmanci wajen shigo da abinci, man fetur da agajin jin kai cikin ƙasar Ikon wannan bakin teku babban manufa ce ta soja
Wannan sabon rikici ne
A'a wannan sabon raƙumi ne a cikin dogon rikici Yemen na cikin yaƙin basasa kusan shekaru goma Duk da haka wannan ci gaban na baya-bayan nan ya haifar da kwatsam da ƙaura mai yawa na mutane cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci
Menene bambanci tsakanin ɗan ƙaura da wanda aka rasa muhallinsa
Ɗan ƙaura yana zaɓar ƙaura sau da yawa don aiki ko mafi kyawun dama Wanda aka rasa muhallinsa an tilasta masa gudu daga gidansa saboda rikici, tashin hankali ko bala'i amma ya kasance cikin ƙasarsa Fararen hula na Yemen IDPs ne
Yaya wannan ya kwatanta da raƙuman ƙaura na baya a Yemen
Yemen ta riga ta kasance da ɗaya daga cikin mafi girman rikicin ƙaura a duniya
