@font-face {
font-family: 'Guardian Headline Full';
src: url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-Light.woff2) format("woff2"),
url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-Light.woff) format("woff"),
url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-Light.ttf) format("truetype");
font-weight: 300;
font-style: normal;
}
@font-face {
font-family: 'Guardian Headline Full';
src: url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-LightItalic.woff2) format("woff2"),
url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-LightItalic.woff) format("woff"),
url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-LightItalic.ttf) format("truetype");
font-weight: 300;
font-style: italic;
}
@font-face {
font-family: 'Guardian Headline Full';
src: url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-Regular.woff2) format("woff2"),
url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-Regular.woff) format("woff"),
url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-Regular.ttf) format("truetype");
font-weight: 400;
font-style: normal;
}
@font-face {
font-family: 'Guardian Headline Full';
src: url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-RegularItalic.woff2) format("woff2"),
url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-RegularItalic.woff) format("woff"),
url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-RegularItalic.ttf) format("truetype");
font-weight: 400;
font-style: italic;
}
@font-face {
font-family: 'Guardian Headline Full';
src: url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-Medium.woff2) format("woff2"),
url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-Medium.woff) format("woff"),
url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-Medium.ttf) format("truetype");
font-weight: 500;
font-style: normal;
}
@font-face {
font-family: 'Guardian Headline Full';
src: url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-MediumItalic.woff2) format("woff2"),
url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-MediumItalic.woff) format("woff"),
url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-MediumItalic.ttf) format("truetype");
font-weight: 500;
font-style: italic;
}
@font-face {
font-family: 'Guardian Headline Full';
src: url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-Semibold.woff2) format("woff2"),
url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-Semibold.woff) format("woff"),
url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-Semibold.ttf) format("truetype");
font-weight: 600;
font-style: normal;
}
@font-face {
font-family: 'Guardian Headline Full';
src: url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-SemiboldItalic.woff2) format("woff2"),
url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-SemiboldItalic.woff) format("woff"),
url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-SemiboldItalic.ttf) format("truetype");
font-weight: 600;
font-style: italic;
}
@font-face {
font-family: 'Guardian Headline Full';
src: url(https:@font-face { font-family: 'Guardian Headline Full'; src: url('https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-Bold.woff2') format('woff2'), url('https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-Bold.woff') format('woff'), url('https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-Bold.ttf') format('truetype'); font-weight: 700; font-style: normal; }
@font-face { font-family: 'Guardian Headline Full'; src: url('https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-BoldItalic.woff2') format('woff2'), url('https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-BoldItalic.woff') format('woff'), url('https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-BoldItalic.ttf') format('truetype'); font-weight: 700; font-style: italic; }
@font-face { font-family: 'Guardian Headline Full'; src: url('https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-Black.woff2') format('woff2'), url('https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-Black.woff') format('woff'), url('https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-Black.ttf') format('truetype'); font-weight: 900; font-style: normal; }
@font-face { font-family: 'Guardian Headline Full'; src: url('https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-BlackItalic.woff2') format('woff2'), url('https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-BlackItalic.woff') format('woff'), url('https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-BlackItalic.ttf') format('truetype'); font-weight: 900; font-style: italic; }
@font-face { font-family: 'Guardian Titlepiece'; src: url('https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-titlepiece/noalts-not-hinted/GTGuardianTitlepiece-Bold.woff2') format('woff2'), url('https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-titlepiece/noalts-not-hinted/GTGuardianTitlepiece-Bold.woff') format('woff'), url('https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-titlepiece/noalts-not-hinted/GTGuardianTitlepiece-Bold.ttf') format('truetype'); font-weight: 700; font-style: normal; }
@media (min-width: 71.25em) { .content__main-column--interactive { margin-left: 160px; } }
@media (min-width: 81.25em) { .content__main-column--interactive { margin-left: 240px; } }
.content__main-column--interactive .element-atom { max-width: 620px; }
@media (max-width: 46.24em) { .content__main-column--interactive .element-atom { max-width: 100%; } }
.content__main-column--interactive .element-showcase { margin-left: 0; }
@media (min-width: 46.25em) { .content__main-column--interactive .element-showcase { max-width: 620px; } }
@media (min-width: 71.25em) { .content__main-column--interactive .element-showcase { max-width: 860px; } }
.content__main-column--interactive .element-immersive { max-width: 1100px; }
@media (max-width: 46.24em) { .content__main-column--interactive .element-immersive { width: calc(100vw - var(--scrollbar-width, 0px)); position: relative; left: 50%; right: 50%; margin-left: calc(-50vw + var(--half-scrollbar-width, 0px)) !important; margin-right: calc(-50vw + var(--half-scrollbar-width, 0px)) !important; } }
@media (min-width: 46.25em) { .content__main-column--interactive .element-immersive { transform: translate(-20px); width: calc(100% + 60px); } }
@media (max-width: 71.24em) { .content__main-column--interactive .element-immersive { margin-left: 0; margin-right: 0; } }
@media (min-width: 71.25em) { .content__main-column--interactive .element-immersive { transform: translate(0); width: auto; } }
@media (min-width: 81.25em) { .content__main-column--interactive .element-immersive { max-width: 1260px; } }
.content__main-column--interactive p, .content__main-column--interactive ul { max-width: 620px; }
.content__main-column--interactive:before { position: absolute; top: 0; height: calc(100% + 15px); min-height: 100px; content: ""; }
@media (min-width: 71.25em) {Safu kuu ya maudhui kwa makala shirikishi ina mpaka wa kushoto wa 1px imara #dcdcdc, uliowekwa -10px na z-index ya -1. Kwenye skrini zenye upana wa angalau 81.25em, mpaka huu unahamia -11px. Vipengele vya Atom ndani ya safu hii havina margin ya juu au chini, lakini padding ya 12px juu na chini. Wakati aya inafuatwa na kipengele cha atom, padding huondolewa na kubadilishwa na margin ya 12px badala yake. Vipengele vya Inline vimewekewa kikomo cha upana wa 620px, na kwenye skrini zenye upana wa angalau 61.25em, takwimu za inline pia zina kikomo cha 620px.
Kwa vipengele vya media vilivyo na takwimu inayojirudia, figcaption hukaa juu ya maudhui mengine na z-index ya 6. Kitufe cha video loop kinajipanga chini kulia na margin ya chini ya 40px na margin ya kulia ya 3px. Vyombo vya kudhibiti sauti ya kunyamaza na kutoa sauti vimewekwa kwenye ukingo wa kulia na padding ya kushoto ya 10px. Kitufe cha maelezo kina z-index ya 100, na kwenye skrini zenye upana wa angalau 61.25em, kinakaa 20px kutoka chini. Kwenye skrini zenye upana wa angalau 46.25em, vyombo vya cinemagraph havina urefu wa juu.
Visiva vya video vinavyojipangisha vyenyewe kwenye mwili vina upana kamili hadi 620px, vinaonyeshwa kama block na margin ya juu na chini ya 12px. Takwimu zao zinazojirudia na video pia zina upana kamili hadi 620px, zimewekwa katikati bila margin. Wakati video ni shirikishi, kisiwa kinapanuka hadi upana kamili na margin ya wima ya 12px, na takwimu na video hupoteza mipaka yao ya upana. Kwenye skrini zenye upana wa angalau 71.25em, kisiwa shirikishi kinakuwa na upana wa 1140px na kinahamia 180px kushoto, na figcaption zinaingizwa 20px. Kwenye skrini zenye upana wa angalau 81.25em, kinakuwa na upana wa 1300px na kinahamia 260px kushoto.
Mzizi unafafanua vigezo kadhaa vya rangi: dateline (#606060), mpaka wa kichwa (#dcdcdc), maandishi ya maelezo (#999), mandhari ya maelezo (72% isiyo wazi karibu-nyeusi), rangi ya kipengele (#c70000), na rangi mpya ya nguzo ambayo kwa chaguo-msingi ni rangi ya nguzo ya msingi au rangi ya kipengele. Vichwa vidogo, pullquotes, na aikoni za pullquote hutumia rangi ya nguzo ya pili, wakati blockquotes hutumia rangi ya maandishi ya makala na kujaza kwa nguzo ya pili. Katika hali ya giza (isipokuwa mtumiaji amechagua kwa uwazi hali ya mwanga), vichwa vidogo, pullquotes, na aikoni zao hubadilika hadi rangi ya nguzo ya hali ya giza, na blockquotes hutumia rangi hiyo hiyo kwa kujaza kwao.
Vipengele vya Atom havina padding. Wakati kipengele cha atom ni cha kwanza cha aina yake na kinafuatwa na aya, lango la kuingia, atom nyingine, au sawa na hiyo, aya inayofuata inapata nafasi maalum. Vile vile hutumika baada ya mstari wa mlalo ambao sio wa mwisho, au baada ya chombo cha nafasi ya tangazo kinachofuatwa na aya.Maandishi uliyotoa ni msimbo wa CSS, sio nathari, kwa hivyo hakuna toleo la asili la Kiingereza. Ni seti ya sheria za mitindo ambazo:
- Zinaongeza padding ya juu ya 14px kwa aya ya kwanza inayofuata vipengele fulani (kama kipengele cha kwanza cha atom, lango la kuingia, au mstari wa mlalo ambao sio wa mwisho) ndani ya vyombo mbalimbali kama vile mwili wa makala, mwili wa maoni, mwili wa kipengele, na maeneo ya maudhui shirikishi.
- Zinatumia mtindo wa herufi ya kwanza kwa aya hizo hizo.
Ikiwa ungependa, ninaweza kueleza kile sehemu maalum za kichaguzi hufanya, au kukusaidia kuandika upya au kurahisisha CSS yenyewe.Siwezi kuandika upya maandishi hayo kama Kiingereza fasaha. Sio nathari—ni kizuizi cha msimbo wa CSS (vichaguzi, sifa, na maswali ya media). Kuandika upya kama Kiingereza cha asili kunaweza kuvunja msimbo au kugeuza kuwa maelezo badala ya kuandika upya.
Ikiwa ungependa, ninaweza:
- Kueleza kile CSS hii hufanya kwa Kiingereza rahisi
- Kusafisha au kupanga upya CSS yenyewe
- Kuandika upya kifungu cha nathari unachoshiriki
Niambie ungependa kipi.Msimbo huu wa CSS unafafanua mpangilio unaojibika kwa vichwa vya makala, vichwa vya habari, metadata, standfirsts, na picha. Unatumia CSS Grid kupanga vipengele hivi katika ukubwa tofauti wa skrini, na pointi za kuvunja katika 61.25em, 71.25em, na 81.25em. Mpangilio hurekebisha miundo ya safu na mistari, huongeza mipaka, na hupamba viungo na takwimu ipasavyo..furniture-wrapper #standfirst:before,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=standfirst]:before{left:-.5px}}.furniture-wrapper .article-header .content__labels>div,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=title] .content__labels>div{padding-top:2px}.furniture-wrapper #headline h1,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=headline] h1,.furniture-wrapper .headline h1{font-weight:600;max-width:620px;font-size:32px}@media (min-width: 71.25em){.furniture-wrapper #headline h1,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=headline] h1,.furniture-wrapper .headline h1{max-width:540px;font-size:50px}}@media (min-width: 46.25em){.furniture-wrapper .keyline-4,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=lines]{margin-right:0}}@media (min-width: 61.25em){.furniture-wrapper .keyline-4,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=lines]{display:none}}.furniture-wrapper .keyline-4 svg,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=lines] svg{stroke:var(--headerBorder)}@media (min-width: 46.25em){.furniture-wrapper #meta,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=meta]{margin-right:0}}.furniture-wrapper #meta .meta__social,.furniture-wrapper #meta .meta__social ul li a span,.furniture-wrapper #meta .meta__comment,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=meta] .meta__social,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=meta] .meta__social ul li a span,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=meta] .meta__comment{border-color:var(--headerBorder)}.furniture-wrapper #meta .content__meta-container_dcr>div>gu-island,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=meta] .content__meta-container_dcr>div>gu-island{display:none}.furniture-wrapper .standfirst,.furniture-wrapper #standfirst,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=standfirst]{margin-left:-10px;padding-left:10px;position:relative}@media (min-width: 46.25em){.furniture-wrapper .standfirst,.furniture-wrapper #standfirst,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=standfirst]{padding-top:2px}}.furniture-wrapper .standfirst p,.furniture-wrapper #standfirst p,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=standfirst] p{font-weight:400;font-size:20px;padding-bottom:14px}.furniture-wrapper #main-media,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=media]{position:relative;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:2px;grid-area:portrait}.furniture-wrapper #main-media div div,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=media] div div{width:100%;margin-inline:0}@media (min-width: 61.25em){.furniture-wrapper #main-media,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=media]{margin-bottom:0}}@media (max-width: 46.24em){.furniture-wrapper #main-media,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=media]{width:calc(100vw - var(--scrollbar-width, 0px));margin-left:-10px}}@media (max-width: 46.24em) and (min-width: 30em){.furniture-wrapper #main-media,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=media]{margin-left:-20px}}.furniture-wrapper figcaption{position:absolute;bottom:0;padding:4px 10px 12px;background-color:var(--captionBackground);color:var(--captionText);max-width:unset;margin-bottom:0;min-height:46px}.furniture-wrapper figcaption span{color:var(--headerBorder)}.furniture-wrapper figcaption span svg{fill:var(--headerBorder)}.furniture-wrapper figcaption span:nth-of-type(1){display:none}.furniture-wrapper figcaption span:nth-of-type(2){display:inline;max-width:90%}@media (min-width: 30em){.furniture-wrapper figcaption{padding:4px 20px 12px}}.furniture-wrapper figcaption.hidden{opacity:0}.furniture-wrapper #caption-button{display:block;position:absolute;bottom:10px;right:8px;z-index:30;background-color:var(--captionBackground);border:none;border-radius:50%;padding:6px 5px 5px}.furniture-wrapper #caption-button svg{transform:scale(.85)}@media (min-width: 30em){.furniture-wrapper #caption-button{right:10px}}@media (min-width: 71.25em){.content__main-column--interactive:before{top:-12px!important;height:calc(100% + 24px)!important}}.content__main-column--interactive h2{max-width:620px}@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark){:root:root:not([data-color-scheme=light]){--follow-text: #dcdcdc;--follow-icon-fill: var(--darkmode-pillar);--standfirst-text: #dcdcdc;--standfirst-link-text: var(--darkmode-pillar);--standfirst-link-border: var(--darkmode-pillar);--byline: var(--darkmode-pillar)}}.article .article__body h2,article.content--interactiMama yangu yuko kwenye mfuko wa Ziploc kwenye mapaja yangu, amebanwa kati ya mfuko wa trail mix uliotafunwa nusu na pochi yangu. Tumbo langu lina kichefuchefu kutokana na barabara zinazopinda hadi Yosemite, ambako nimekuja kutawanya majivu yake, na nina mgogoro wa kuwepo. Nilikuwa nimewazia siku hii kama kuaga kuzuri ambako kungehisiwa kuwa na maana kubwa. Badala yake, kila kitu kilikuwa cha kubuni: mfuko wa plastiki, chaguo la dakika ya mwisho, na peremende za tangawizi ili nisipate ugonjwa wa gari. Nilidhani miaka yangu ya 20 ingekuwa kuhusu kubusu watu wasiofaa kwenye baa za Los Angeles, sio kusoma vitabu kwenye kitanda cha hospitali wakati mama yangu alikuwa na upasuaji wake wa tano wa ubongo. Marafiki zangu walikuwa mbali chuoni, wakijadili sororities na mihula ya masomo nje ya nchi; nilikuwa nikijifunza seti tofauti kabisa ya ujuzi. Nikiwa na miaka 21, niligundua mama yangu alikuwa na glioblastoma, saratani ya ubongo inayoua. Hivi karibuni nilikuwa kwenye maktaba ya sheria ya Bakersfield, nikitafuta Google jinsi ya kuwa mlezi wa kisheria wa kaka yangu wa miaka 16, na kugundua kwamba haiba ile ile niliyotumia kupata meza Nobu inaweza pia kumpatia mama yangu chumba bora katika hospitali ya Cedars-Sinai. Aliishia kwenye chumba ambacho Elizabeth Taylor alikufa miezi michache mapema, jambo ambalo alipenda kuwaambia marafiki zake.
Wakati huwezi kumudu kulipa, unaishia kuomboleza kinyume cha sheria. Sikumbuki mengi kutoka mwezi ule wa mwisho wa maisha yake. Nakumbuka zaidi uchafu nilioufuta kutoka macho yake alipokuwa akitulia katika usingizi wake wa mwisho. Muuguzi wa hospice ya nyumbani aliwaambia kaka yangu na mimi kumpa mama yetu "ruhusa" ya kuachilia. Mwili wake dhaifu ulikuwa bado ukipigana, na muuguzi aliamini alikuwa akishikilia kwa ajili yetu. Kwa hivyo kupitia kamasi na machozi yetu, tulimwambia aende. Lakini kwa siri, katika kila pumzi iliyosimama, nilitumaini asingeenda. Alikufa ndani ya miezi minane tangu utambuzi wake wa awali. Alikuwa na miaka 44. Wakati wahudumu wa dharura walifika, niliondoka chumbani. Shuka nyeupe juu ya mwili wake ingefanya iwe ya mwisho kwa njia ambayo sikuwa tayari kwa hiyo bado. Hatimaye, katikati ya mambo mengine yote, ilibidi nijue nini cha kufanya na mwili wake. Kisha ikaja bei. Mazishi ya kawaida na kuona na kuzika nchini Marekani yanagharimu $8,300. Hata kuchoma maiti sasa kunagharimu zaidi ya $2,200 - kiasi kisichofikiriwa kwangu wakati huo. Nilikuwa mwanajeshi mkuu wa anga katika jeshi la anga la Marekani, nikipata karibu $2,200 kwa mwezi. Wakati huwezi kumudu kulipa, unaishia kuomboleza kinyume cha sheria - kama nilivyofanya.
Mama yangu alikuwa ameomba kuchomwa maiti. Kwa sababu mimi na familia yangu tulikuwa "tukishirikiana" mabaki yake, tulihitaji njia ya kumgawanya kati ya watu wengi: mimi, kaka yangu na shangazi yangu. Chaguo la bei nafuu ambalo nyumba ya mazishi ilitoa lilikuwa sanduku la plastiki la rangi ya maroon. Nilinunua moja, nikamleta nyumbani, na tukamgawanya kwenye mifuko ya plastiki. Baadaye, shangazi yangu alinichukua hadi boutique na akanisaidia kuchagua masanduku madogo ya mbao kwa kila mmoja wetu. Vitu vidogo vya mbao vilivyochongwa, vizuri zaidi kuliko kile nyumba ya mazishi ilikuwa imetoa - na bei nafuu. Ilihisi kama ukarabati. Pia haikufanya kazi kabisa. Sanduku lilikuwa na mianya, na mama yangu aliendelea kuteleza kutoka kwenye nyufa, safu nyembamba yake ikionekana kwenye rafu na vifaa vya kuwekea na ndani ya droo. Ilipofika wakati wa kuendesha gari hadi Yosemite, nilimrudisha kwenye mfuko wa plastiki. Jambo moja nisilolijua ni kwamba kutawanya mabaki ya binadamu katika mbuga ya kitaifa kunahitaji kibali maalum cha matumizi. Hiyo inaonekana wazi sasa, lakini unapokuwa unaomboleza, kusoma maandishi yoyote madogo ni kazi kubwa.
Sekta ya kufa haikuwa mzigo kila wakati. Kabla ya vita vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe, Wamarekani wengi walikufa nyumbani na waliandaliwa kwa mazishi na familia zao wenyewe. Kuchoma dawa kulienea tu baada ya vita, wakati vifo vya uwanja wa vita viliunda soko kubwa la kuhifadhi miili kwa muda mrefu wa kutosha kuisafirisha kaskazini. Kilichofuata ni mila ikitoa nafasi kwa mtindo wa biashara: nyumba ya mazishi, mchoma dawa wa kitaalamu, mkurugenzi mwenye leseni, jeneza lililofungwa, makaburi ya lawn iliyopambwa. Sababu moja inayosukuma sekta kuelekea bei za juu ni ujumuishaji. Katika miongo miwili iliyopita, makampuni makubwa ya utunzaji wa kifo yamechukua nyumba huru za mazishi, yakipata nguvu ya kutosha ya bei katika baadhi ya masoko kusababisha hatua ya shirikisho ya kupinga uaminifu. Kilichokuwa biashara ya familia kinazidi kuwa kampuni tanzu.
Hakuna kati ya haya yaliyotokea kwa bahati, na sio - kama sekta wakati mwingine inadai - jibu kwa kile familia zinataka. Justin Crowe, mwanzilishi wa Parting Stone, kampuni ya Santa Fe inayogeuza mabaki yaliyochomwa kuwa mawe imara, aliniambia kwamba mabadiliko kutoka kuzika hadi kuchoma yalitoka 5% mwaka 1970 hadi zaidi ya 63% leo.
"Wakati mteja alisema, kwa kweli, tunataka kuchoma," alisema, "Nadhani sekta ilifanya kosa wakati huo. Haikulea mabadiliko hayo. Haikutoa thamani kwa uzoefu wa kuchoma, kama ilivyokuwa kwa uzoefu wa kuzika."
Kile familia zilikuwa zikiomba, kwa maneno mengine, kilikuwa kifo cha bei nafuu, kisicho cha kitaasisi - kile ambacho mwili haukutoweka kwenye nyumba ya mazishi na kurudi kama ankara. Lakini kile walichopata kilikuwa mchakato ule ule, ulioongezwa bei, isipokuwa wakati huu na mabaki yaliyochomwa.
Na idadi inayokua ya familia, zikikabiliana na toleo la heshima ambalo hawakuweza kumudu, zilianza kubuni.
Rafiki yangu Danielle Directo-Meston, mwandishi mwenzangu wa habari huko Los Angeles, alikulia katika familia ambapo kifo hakifanyiki nyuma ya pazia.
"Wafilipino, familia yangu hasa, tunaenda makaburini kukaa," aliniambia. "Tunakaa tu pale kwa muda mwingi wa asubuhi na mchana. Na kisha tunaenda kula chakula cha mchana pamoja."
Wanaenda kukaa na jamaa waliokufa, kusafisha makaburi, kuyapamba kwa maua, na kutumia muda kama familia; ni tabia yenye mizizi katika Undas, mila ya Kifilipino ya kutumia Siku ya Watakatifu Wote na Siku ya Nafsi Zote kwenye shamba la familia.
'Tunaishi katika jamii zinazochukia huzuni': wataalamu kuhusu jinsi ya kuzoea kifo
Soma zaidi
Tofauti na Wamarekani wengi, Danielle alilelewa kuwa vizuri karibu na wafu. Pia amekuwa na mazoezi mengi. Katika miaka kadhaa iliyopita, amepoteza binamu katika ajali ya pikipiki, mjomba baada ya mfululizo wa viharusi, na bibi zake wote
