@font-face {
font-family: Guardian Headline Full;
src: url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-Light.woff2) format("woff2"),
url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-Light.woff) format("woff"),
url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-Light.ttf) format("truetype");
font-weight: 300;
font-style: normal;
}
@font-face {
font-family: Guardian Headline Full;
src: url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-LightItalic.woff2) format("woff2"),
url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-LightItalic.woff) format("woff"),
url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-LightItalic.ttf) format("truetype");
font-weight: 300;
font-style: italic;
}
@font-face {
font-family: Guardian Headline Full;
src: url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-Regular.woff2) format("woff2"),
url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-Regular.woff) format("woff"),
url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-Regular.ttf) format("truetype");
font-weight: 400;
font-style: normal;
}
@font-face {
font-family: Guardian Headline Full;
src: url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-RegularItalic.woff2) format("woff2"),
url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-RegularItalic.woff) format("woff"),
url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-RegularItalic.ttf) format("truetype");
font-weight: 400;
font-style: italic;
}
@font-face {
font-family: Guardian Headline Full;
src: url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-Medium.woff2) format("woff2"),
url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-Medium.woff) format("woff"),
url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-Medium.ttf) format("truetype");
font-weight: 500;
font-style: normal;
}
@font-face {
font-family: Guardian Headline Full;
src: url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-MediumItalic.woff2) format("woff2"),
url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-MediumItalic.woff) format("woff"),
url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-MediumItalic.ttf) format("truetype");
font-weight: 500;
font-style: italic;
}
@font-face {
font-family: Guardian Headline Full;
src: url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-Semibold.woff2) format("woff2"),
url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-Semibold.woff) format("woff"),
url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-Semibold.ttf) format("truetype");
font-weight: 600;
font-style: normal;
}
@font-face {
font-family: Guardian Headline Full;
src: url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-SemiboldItalic.woff2) format("woff2"),
url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-SemiboldItalic.woff) format("woff"),
url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-SemiboldItalic.ttf) format("truetype");
font-weight: 600;
font-style: italic;
}
@font-face {
font-family: Guardian Headline Full;
src: url(https:@font-face{font-family:Guardian Headline Full;src:url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-Bold.woff2) format("woff2"),url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-Bold.woff) format("woff"),url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-Bold.ttf) format("truetype");font-weight:700;font-style:normal}@font-face{font-family:Guardian Headline Full;src:url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-BoldItalic.woff2) format("woff2"),url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-BoldItalic.woff) format("woff"),url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-BoldItalic.ttf) format("truetype");font-weight:700;font-style:italic}@font-face{font-family:Guardian Headline Full;src:url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-Black.woff2) format("woff2"),url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-Black.woff) format("woff"),url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-Black.ttf) format("truetype");font-weight:900;font-style:normal}@font-face{font-family:Guardian Headline Full;src:url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-BlackItalic.woff2) format("woff2"),url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-BlackItalic.woff) format("woff"),url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-headline/noalts-not-hinted/GHGuardianHeadline-BlackItalic.ttf) format("truetype");font-weight:900;font-style:italic}@font-face{font-family:Guardian Titlepiece;src:url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-titlepiece/noalts-not-hinted/GTGuardianTitlepiece-Bold.woff2) format("woff2"),url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-titlepiece/noalts-not-hinted/GTGuardianTitlepiece-Bold.woff) format("woff"),url(https://assets.guim.co.uk/static/frontend/fonts/guardian-titlepiece/noalts-not-hinted/GTGuardianTitlepiece-Bold.ttf) format("truetype");font-weight:700;font-style:normal}@media (min-width: 71.25em){.content__main-column--interactive{margin-left:160px}}@media (min-width: 81.25em){.content__main-column--interactive{margin-left:240px}}.content__main-column--interactive .element-atom{max-width:620px}@media (max-width: 46.24em){.content__main-column--interactive .element-atom{max-width:100%}}.content__main-column--interactive .element-showcase{margin-left:0}@media (min-width: 46.25em){.content__main-column--interactive .element-showcase{max-width:620px}}@media (min-width: 71.25em){.content__main-column--interactive .element-showcase{max-width:860px}}.content__main-column--interactive .element-immersive{max-width:1100px}@media (max-width: 46.24em){.content__main-column--interactive .element-immersive{width:calc(100vw - var(--scrollbar-width, 0px));position:relative;left:50%;right:50%;margin-left:calc(-50vw + var(--half-scrollbar-width, 0px))!important;margin-right:calc(-50vw + var(--half-scrollbar-width, 0px))!important}}@media (min-width: 46.25em){.content__main-column--interactive .element-immersive{transform:translate(-20px);width:calc(100% + 60px)}}@media (max-width: 71.24em){.content__main-column--interactive .element-immersive{margin-left:0;margin-right:0}}@media (min-width: 71.25em){.content__main-column--interactive .element-immersive{transform:translate(0);width:auto}}@media (min-width: 81.25em){.content__main-column--interactive .element-immersive{max-width:1260px}}.content__main-column--interactive p,.content__main-column--interactive ul{max-width:620px}.content__main-column--interactive:before{position:absolute;top:0;height:calc(100% + 15px);min-height:100px;content:""}@media (min-width: 71.25em){The CSS rules define styles for interactive article layouts, including borders, spacing, and media elements. They handle responsive breakpoints, video figures, captions, and dark mode color schemes. The styles also adjust padding and margins for atom elements, horizontal rules, and paragraphs within the main content column.The text you've provided is CSS code, not prose, so there's no natural English to rewrite. It's a set of selectors that apply a top padding of 14px and a drop-cap style to the first paragraph following certain elements (like the first atom element, a sign-in gate, or a horizontal rule) within various containers such as the article body, comment body, and feature body.I can't rewrite that as fluent English prose—it's a block of CSS code (selectors, properties, and media queries), not natural language text. There's no meaningful way to convert it into sentences without destroying its function.
If you meant to paste a different piece of writing, feel free to share it and I'll rewrite it for you.This CSS code defines a responsive layout for article headers, headlines, metadata, standfirsts, and portraits. It uses CSS Grid to arrange these elements across different screen sizes, with breakpoints at 61.25em, 71.25em, and 81.25em. The layout adjusts column and row structures, adds borders, and styles links and figures accordingly..furniture-wrapper #standfirst:before,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=standfirst]:before{left:-.5px}}.furniture-wrapper .article-header .content__labels>div,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=title] .content__labels>div{padding-top:2px}.furniture-wrapper #headline h1,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=headline] h1,.furniture-wrapper .headline h1{font-weight:600;max-width:620px;font-size:32px}@media (min-width: 71.25em){.furniture-wrapper #headline h1,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=headline] h1,.furniture-wrapper .headline h1{max-width:540px;font-size:50px}}@media (min-width: 46.25em){.furniture-wrapper .keyline-4,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=lines]{margin-right:0}}@media (min-width: 61.25em){.furniture-wrapper .keyline-4,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=lines]{display:none}}.furniture-wrapper .keyline-4 svg,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=lines] svg{stroke:var(--headerBorder)}@media (min-width: 46.25em){.furniture-wrapper #meta,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=meta]{margin-right:0}}.furniture-wrapper #meta .meta__social,.furniture-wrapper #meta .meta__social ul li a span,.furniture-wrapper #meta .meta__comment,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=meta] .meta__social,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=meta] .meta__social ul li a span,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=meta] .meta__comment{border-color:var(--headerBorder)}.furniture-wrapper #meta .content__meta-container_dcr>div>gu-island,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=meta] .content__meta-container_dcr>div>gu-island{display:none}.furniture-wrapper .standfirst,.furniture-wrapper #standfirst,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=standfirst]{margin-left:-10px;padding-left:10px;position:relative}@media (min-width: 46.25em){.furniture-wrapper .standfirst,.furniture-wrapper #standfirst,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=standfirst]{padding-top:2px}}.furniture-wrapper .standfirst p,.furniture-wrapper #standfirst p,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=standfirst] p{font-weight:400;font-size:20px;padding-bottom:14px}.furniture-wrapper #main-media,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=media]{position:relative;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:2px;grid-area:portrait}.furniture-wrapper #main-media div div,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=media] div div{width:100%;margin-inline:0}@media (min-width: 61.25em){.furniture-wrapper #main-media,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=media]{margin-bottom:0}}@media (max-width: 46.24em){.furniture-wrapper #main-media,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=media]{width:calc(100vw - var(--scrollbar-width, 0px));margin-left:-10px}}@media (max-width: 46.24em) and (min-width: 30em){.furniture-wrapper #main-media,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=media]{margin-left:-20px}}.furniture-wrapper figcaption{position:absolute;bottom:0;padding:4px 10px 12px;background-color:var(--captionBackground);color:var(--captionText);max-width:unset;margin-bottom:0;min-height:46px}.furniture-wrapper figcaption span{color:var(--headerBorder)}.furniture-wrapper figcaption span svg{fill:var(--headerBorder)}.furniture-wrapper figcaption span:nth-of-type(1){display:none}.furniture-wrapper figcaption span:nth-of-type(2){display:inline;max-width:90%}@media (min-width: 30em){.furniture-wrapper figcaption{padding:4px 20px 12px}}.furniture-wrapper figcaption.hidden{opacity:0}.furniture-wrapper #caption-button{display:block;position:absolute;bottom:10px;right:8px;z-index:30;background-color:var(--captionBackground);border:none;border-radius:50%;padding:6px 5px 5px}.furniture-wrapper #caption-button svg{transform:scale(.85)}@media (min-width: 30em){.furniture-wrapper #caption-button{right:10px}}@media (min-width: 71.25em){.content__main-column--interactive:before{top:-12px!important;height:calc(100% + 24px)!important}}.content__main-column--interactive h2{max-width:620px}@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark){:root:root:not([data-color-scheme=light]){--follow-text: #dcdcdc;--follow-icon-fill: var(--darkmode-pillar);--standfirst-text: #dcdcdc;--standfirst-link-text: var(--darkmode-pillar);--standfirst-link-border: var(--darkmode-pillar);--byline: var(--darkmode-pillar)}}:root{--new-pillar-colour: var( --darkmode-pillar, var(--darkModeFeature) ) !important;--headerBorderColor: #606060;--darkModeFeature: #ff5943;--darkBackground: #1a1a1a}nav+section{display:none}nav+aside{display:none}aside+section{display:none}.furniture-wrapper{background-color:var(--darkBackground);margin:0 -10px;padding:0 10px 4px}@media (min-width: 30em){.furniture-wrapper{margin:0 -20px;padding:0 20px 8px}}@media (min-width: 61.25em){.furniture-wrapper{padding:0 20px}}@media (min-width: 81.25em){.furniture-wrapper:before{content:"";width:calc((100vw - 1298px)/2);height:100%;position:absolute;left:calc((100vw - 1298px)/-2);background-color:var(--darkBackground);border-right:1px solid var(--headerBorderColor)}.furniture-wrapper:after{content:"";width:calc((100vw - 1298px)/2);height:100%;position:absolute;right:calc((100vw - 1298px)/-2);background-color:var(--darkBackground)}}.furniture-wrapper .article-header,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=title] a,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=title] span{color:var(--new-pillar-colour, --darkModeFeature)}@media (min-width: 61.25em){.furniture-wrapper #headline>div:first-child,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=headline]>div:first-child,.furniture-wrapper .headline>div:first-child{border-top:1px solid var(--headerBorderColor)}}.furniture-wrapper #headline h1,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=headline] h1,.furniture-wrapper .headline h1{font-weight:700;color:#dcdcdc}.furniture-wrapper #headline figure,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=headline] figure,.furniture-wrapper .headline figure{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:2px}@media (min-width: 71.25em){.furniture-wrapper #meta:before,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=meta]:before{background-color:var(--headerBorderColor)}}.furniture-wrapper #meta details,.furniture-wrapper #meta summary,.furniture-wrapper #meta summary span,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=meta] details,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=meta] summary,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=meta] summary span{color:#dcdcdc}.furniture-wrapper #meta .meta__social a,.furniture-wrapper #meta .meta__social button,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=meta] .meta__social a,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=meta] .meta__social button{border-color:var(--headerBorderColor);color:var(--new-pillar-colour, --darkModeFeature)}.furniture-wrapper #meta .meta__social a svg,.furniture-wrapper #meta .meta__social button svg,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=meta] .meta__social a svg,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=meta] .meta__social button svg{fill:var(--new-pillar-colour, --darkModeFeature)}.furniture-wrapper #meta .meta__social a:hover,.furniture-wrapper #meta .meta__social button:hover,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=meta] .meta__social a:hover,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=meta] .meta__social button:hover{color:var(--darkBackground);background-color:var(--new-pillar-colour, --darkModeFeature)}.furniture-wrapper #meta .meta__social a:hover svg,.furniture-wrapper #meta .meta__social button:hover svg,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=meta] .meta__social a:hover svg,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=meta] .meta__social button:hover svg{fill:var(--darkBackground)}.furniture-wrapper #meta div,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=meta] div{color:#dcdcdc}.furniture-wrapper #meta a,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=meta] a{color:var(--new-pillar-colour, --darkModeFeature)}.furniture-wrapper #meta a:hover,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=meta] a:hover{color:var(--new-pillar-colour, --darkModeFeature);text-decoration-color:var(--new-pillar-colour, --darkModeFeature)}.furniture-wrapper .standfirst a,.furniture-wrapper .standfirst li a,.furniture-wrapper #standfirst a,.furniture-wrapper #standfirst li a,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=standfirst] a,.furniture-wrapper [data-gu-name=standfirst] li a{border-bottom:none;color:var(--new-pillar-colour, --darkModeFeature);background-image:none!important;text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:6px;text-decoration-color:var(--headerBorder, #dcdcdc);text-decoration-thickness:1px}.furniture-wrapper .standfirst a:hover,.furniture-wrapper .standfirst li a:hover,.furniture-wrapper #standfirst a:hover,.furniture-wrapper #standfFirst, links in list items and standfirst sections should have no bottom border, with the underline color set to the pillar colour or dark mode feature colour. Paragraphs inside the standfirst should be light grey (#dcdcdc).
On wider screens (at least 61.25em), the first paragraph of the standfirst gets a top border in the header border colour. On even wider screens (at least 71.25em), that top border is removed.
List items in the standfirst should also be light grey (#dcdcdc).
On screens at least 71.25em wide, the standfirst's pseudo-element background should use the header border colour.
Starting at 46.25em, the furniture wrapper gets decorative side panels. These are full-height, positioned at the top, with a dark background and a border on the inner edge. Their width and position are calculated based on the viewport width minus the scrollbar and a fixed content width (738px at this breakpoint). This fixed width increases at larger breakpoints: 978px at 61.25em, 1138px at 71.25em, and 1298px at 81.25em.
SVG elements in the keyline and lines sections should have their stroke set to the header border colour.
In the meta section, the social icons, comment elements, and related borders should all use the header border colour.
H2 headings in the article body should have a font weight of 200, but if they contain a strong tag, the weight becomes 700.
Lists inside elements marked to hide in print layout should have no background image.
When the rendering target is set to apps, several CSS variables are defined: follow text and standfirst text are light grey (#dcdcdc); follow icon fill, standfirst link text, standfirst link border, and byline use the pillar colour; article meta lines use the header border colour; and byline uses the dark mode pillar colour.
In the apps rendering target, byline spans should use the pillar colour. A byline span containing a div next to a FollowWrapper element should have a background image made of the header border colour.Thairis air 1,000 boireannach air tasgadh a dhèanamh ann an companaidhean a bha aig cridhe malairt thràillean Bhreatainn, a' toirt dùbhlan don bheachd chumanta gur e luchd-buannachd fulangach a bh' annta a bha sa mhòr-chuid a' strì airson cur às do thràilleachd. Lorg luchd-rannsachaidh gun do cheannaich, gun do reic agus gun do rinn boireannaich bròcair air earrannan anns a' Chompanaidh Rìoghail Afraganach, a' Chompanaidh South Sea, agus ann an iomairtean eile fa leth, a' cleachdadh prothaidean bho bhith a' malairt Afraganaich a bha air an tràilleachadh gus neo-eisimeileachd ionmhais fhaighinn agus taic a thoirt don teaghlaichean aca. Mun àm a chaidh an RAC, a bha a' malairt mu 150,000 neach air an tràilleachadh, a sgaoileadh ann an 1752, bha boireannaich a' dèanamh suas mu 10% de luchd-earrannan. Tha Clàr Luchd-malairt Thràillean Bhreatainn, a chaidh fhoillseachadh gu sònraichte anns a' Ghàrradh, a' sealltainn gun robh boireannaich bho gach ìre den chomann a' cluich pàirt ghnìomhach ann a bhith a' maoineachadh agus a' cumail suas malairt thar a' Chuain Shiair eadar Afraga agus Ameireagaidh de dh'Afraganaich a bha air an tràilleachadh.
Anns an 17mh agus 18mh linn, bhiodh Eòrpaich beairteach gu tric air am peantadh le clann Afraganach dhubh air an tràilleachadh mar sheirbheisich. Tha an dealbh seo a' sealltainn Ban-iarla Dysart, boireannach òg a thathas a' smaoineachadh gur e a' Bhean Uasal Frances Tollemache, agus seirbheiseach òg dubh, mu 1740.
Bha an luchd-tasgaidh a' dol bho bhanrighrean agus bhana-phrionnsaichean gu uaislean le tiotal, ceannaichean, luchd-bùtha, agus buachaillean. Tha na tasglannan a' toirt a-steach litrichean anns a bheil boireannaich a' bruidhinn mu phrothaidean bho "stoc Afraganach," fhad 's a tha clàran companaidh a' sealltainn aon neach-tasgaidh, Helen Gladman, ag iarraidh air an RAC nighean òg Afraganach a ghiùlan bho Eilean Sherbro, far costa Sierra Leone, a Shasainn gus seirbheis a dhèanamh na teaghlach. Lorg luchd-rannsachaidh gun robh boireannaich an sàs "aig cha mhòr a h-uile ìre" de ghnìomhachd na companaidh. Bha iad ag obair mar bhròcairean, a' solarachadh bathar a' toirt a-steach baraillean agus claidheamhan a bhathas a' malairt air costa Afraga a' Chuain Shiair, a' stiùireadh seilbh na companaidh, agus a' cleachdadh an lìonraidhean teaghlaich is sòisealta aca gus ionmhas agus buaidh phoilitigeach na companaidh a neartachadh.
Thuirt Lila O'Leary Chambers, òraidiche aig Oilthigh Chambridge a rinn rannsachadh air com-pàirteachadh bhoireannach airson pròiseact a' chlàir: "Tha an rannsachadh seo gu mòr a' sealltainn nach b' e dìreach rud aon-uair a bha seo. Thar a' Chompanaidh Rìoghail Afraganaich gu lèir agus na diofar chruthan aige, bha boireannaich a' cur ris an ionmhas agus a' dùileachadh toradh ionmhais bho mhalairt nan tràillean."
Rinn boireannaich tasgadh bho na bliadhnaichean as tràithe de thràilleachd, bho thaic na Banrigh Ealasaid I anns na 1560an gu iasad £1,000 aig a' Bhean Uasal Ealasaid Craven a' maoineachadh turas don Ghambia tron Chompanaidh Guinea. Chuir cuid de luchd-tasgaidh, nach b' urrainn an ainmean a sgrìobhadh, ainm ris na clàran companaidh le "X" lìonrach. Tha an rannsachadh a' comharrachadh 1,100 neach-tasgaidh boireann thar eachdraidh an RAC, a' Chompanaidh South Sea, agus iomairtean eile fa leth, ged a tha e coltach gun robh an fhìor àireamh na b' àirde. De na 457 boireannach a b' urrainnear an inbhe pòsaidh aithneachadh, bha cha mhòr leth nam banntraichean agus beagan a bharrachd air 42% gun phòsadh. De na 7% a bha pòsta, b' e uaislean a' mhòr-chuid. Dha mòran, bha na tasgaidhean seo deatamach airson neo-eisimeileachd eaconamach fhaighinn. "Bha iad a' dèanamh a' cho-dhùnaidh tasgadh a dhèanamh, no fhuair iad earrannan mar dhìleab agus gu h-obann bha maoin eile aca nach robh aca roimhe," thuirt Chambers.
Ghabh Sarah Longrich ri gluasad de £100 bho George Mordaunt air 7 Giblean 1720. Tha an earrann a tha a' toirt iomradh air na h-earrannan aice sa Chompanaidh Rìoghail Afraganaich air a soilleireachadh. Leis nach b' urrainn dhi a h-ainm fhèin a sgrìobhadh, chuir Longrich comharra air an duilleig na àite.
Thuirt i gun do thàinig cuid gu bhith nan luchd-malairt gnìomhach agus gun do mhalairt iad earrannan airson charaidean is theaghlaich. "Cha b' e dreuchd a bh' ann mar a bhiodh iadsan ga fhaicinn, ach is dòcha gum biodh sinne a' smaoineachadh: tha seo air fàs na obair agad." Thuirt Chambers gu bheil an rannsachadh gu dìreach a' toirt dùbhlan don aithris àbhaisteach gu bheil "boireannaich gheala a' tighinn a-steach aig àm cur às do thràilleachd, a' faicinn fulangas dhaoine air an tràilleachadh, ag aithneachadh an fhòirneirt sin, agus an uairsin ag obair an dàrna cuid gus ath-leasachadh no gus cur às do mhalairt nan tràillean agus do thràilleachd fhèin aig a' cheann thall." Tha an obair gus am mì-thuigse sin a thionndadh a' togail air deicheadan de sgoilearachd le luchd-eachdraidh às a' Charibbean agus à Afraga an iar, nam measg Eric Williams, Elsa Goveia agus Walter Rodney. Tha pròiseactan nas ùire a tha a' coimhead ris a' phoball, leithid tasglann Legacies of British Slavery a chuir luchd-eachdraidh aig Colaiste Oilthigh Lunnainn ri chèile, air cuideachadh gus an eachdraidh seo a thoirt gu barrachd dhaoine. Sheall an tasglann gun robh boireannaich am measg an fheadhainn aig an robh daoine air an tràilleachadh agus a fhuair airgead-d
