Ga yawancin Iraniyawa, sabon kamfen ɗin takunkumin Amurka, wanda ake kira Operation Economic Outcast, da alama ba dole ba ne idan aka yi la'akari da yadda tattalin arzikin ƙasarsu ya riga ya yi muni.
Mutane a Iran suna fama da hauhawar farashin abinci, rufe gidajen mai, da kuma kuɗin da ke ci gaba da raguwar ƙima saboda ƙasar ba ta da isassun ajiyar kuɗin waje.
A watan Agusta, man girki a Iran ya yi tsada da kashi 383% fiye da yadda yake a shekarar da ta gabata. Farashin ƙwai ya tashi da kashi 294%, kaza da kashi 177%, da kuma jan nama da kashi 148%.
Rushewar tattalin arzikin ya sanya shugabannin siyasar ƙasar cikin damuwa yayin da suke ƙoƙarin hana matsalolin tattalin arziki rikidewa zuwa tashin hankalin al'umma.
A gaskiya, tun kafin sabon matsin takunkumin Donald Trump, tattalin arzikin Iran ya riga ya zama fagen yaƙi na daban inda jami'an tattalin arzikin ƙasar ke yaƙi don su kiyaye abubuwa a ƙarƙashin iko.
A ranar 23 ga Agusta, dalar Amurka ta kai kusan riyal miliyan 2 a kasuwar buɗaɗɗiyar Iran, wanda ya kafa sabon rikodin.
Kwanaki uku bayan haka, cibiyar ƙididdiga ta Iran ta ba da rahoton cewa hauhawar farashin kayayyaki a watan Agusta ya kai kashi 84.4% idan aka kwatanta da shekarar da ta gabata, tare da matsakaicin shekara-shekara kusan kashi 65%.
Yadda yaƙin Iran ya buɗe: kowane hari da canjin farashin mai – an nuna shi
Karanta ƙarin
Yayin da ƙarfin siyan kayayyaki a Iran ke rushewa, gidaje suna siyan ƙananan kayayyaki. Abinci yana canzawa, tufafi ana faci maimakon a sayi sabo, kuma magunguna suna da ƙaranci, ko da yake har yanzu ana iya samunsu a kasuwar baƙar fata.
A cewar kamfanin dillancin labarai na Mehr, buƙatar jan nama ya faɗi da kashi 50% a watan Afrilu 2026 idan aka kwatanta da lokaci guda a shekarar da ta gabata. Har ila yau, an sami babban tashi a yawan cin dankalin turawa, wanda ya haifar da ƙaranci.
Kayayyaki na yau da kullun kamar ƙwai yanzu sun yi tsada ga iyalai masu matsakaici da masu aiki, in ji Golshan Fathi, wata ‘yar gwagwarmayar mata ta Iran kwanan nan. "Ba su fahimci cewa mutane ba za su iya samun ko da rayuwa ta al'ada ba."
Mohsen Zavaar, injiniyan nazarin halittu, ya ce: "Ga wani ɓangare na al'umma, batun ba sayen gida ko mota ba ne; batun yanke nama, rage ingancin abinci, jinkirta magani, da kuma tsira har zuwa ƙarshen wata."
Da yake nuna rashin jin daɗi game da rashin iyawar jami'ai wajen magance waɗannan matsalolin, ya ƙara da cewa: "Mutane ba sa son mu'ujizai – suna son yanke shawara."
Rikicin ya yaɗu fiye da abinci da tufafi. Dogayen layukan motoci sun mamaye wasu sassan Tehran da birnin Mashhad na arewa maso gabashin Iran a ranakun Talata da Laraba yayin da masu motoci ke yin layi don neman mai, inda wasu layukan suka toshe dukkan tituna. Yawancin gidajen mai, ciki har da wasu manya, an rufe su.
Duba hoto cikin cikakken allo
Direbobi suna yin layi a wajen gidan mai a Tehran ranar Talata. Hoton: Vahid Salemi/AP
Jami'ai sun danganta hakan da siyan kayayyaki cikin firgici da jita-jita suka haifar game da shirin gwamnati na ƙara farashi, ko kuma bama-baman Isra'ila da suka lalata biyu daga cikin manyan ma'ajiyar mai guda uku na Tehran.
A cikin gwamnati, an shafe makonni ana tattaunawa cikin damuwa game da ƙara farashin mai don rage tallafin mai tsada, amma masu siyasa sun san daga gogewar da ta gabata cewa za a iya samun turjiya mai ƙarfi. Ƙarin farashin mai kwatsam da daddare na kashi 50% a watan Nuwamba 2019 ya haifar da zanga-zangar tashin hankali na mako guda.
Fushin jama'a ya ƙara tsananta da amincewar cewa masu son rai a cikin gwamnati sun sa ya zama da wahala a magance safarar mai.
Saqab Esfahani, mataimakin shugaban ƙasar Iran, ya ce: "Dukansu ɓangarorin siyasa a ƙasar suna da hannu a safarar mai, kuma idan na rufe ayyukansu, za su fasa tagogina."
An buƙaci Masoud Pezeshkian, shugaban ƙasar Iran, ya binciki waɗannan kalamai.
Duba hoto cikin cikakken allo
Shugabannin Iran sun yi kira ga jama'a da su nuna kishin ƙasa yayin da suke ƙoƙarin jimrewa da koma bayan tattalin arzikin ƙasar. Hoton: Abedin Taherkenareh/EPA
Duk da haka, bayyana gaskiya game da yanayin tattalin arzikin Iran na iya raguwa.
Fatemeh Mohajerani, mai magana da yawun gwamnatin Iran, ta ce kwanan nan cewa ƙididdigar talauci na gaba za a buga su ne kawai da izinin babbar majalisar tsaron ƙasa, wanda hakan ya sa raguwar yanayin rayuwa ya zama kamar batun sirri.
Shugabannin Iran yanzu suna kwatanta gida a matsayin wani ɓangare na yaƙi da Amurka. Hojatoleslam Taeb, sabon shugaban rundunar Basij kuma aminin Mojtaba Khamenei, babban shugaban Iran, kwanan nan ya yi jawabi wanda ya kwatanta juriya ga ƙarfin kasuwa da takunkumin Amurka ya gurbata.
Iran na neman hukunta duk wani tuntuɓi da kafofin watsa labarai na ƙasashen waje a cikin 'daskarewar' mataki
Karanta ƙarin
A matsayin wani ɓangare na wannan yaƙi, ya ce ya zama dole a rage yawan amfani da mai da kashi 10% don rage buƙatar shigo da kayayyaki masu tsada. Guje wa tafiye-tafiye marasa buƙata zai zama nuna kishin ƙasa, in ji shi.
Amma waɗannan kiraye-kirayen kishin ƙasa suna ƙara zama na yanke kauna yayin da rikicin tattalin arziki ke ƙara tsananta.
Mohsen Rezaei, sabon sakataren majalisar tsaron ƙasa mai tsaurin ra'ayi, ya ce: "Ina ba da shawara ga matasa su fara samar da kayayyakin da su da al'umma ke buƙata a gidajensu, kamar yadda suke taruwa a wuraren jama'a."
Mohammad Taheri, editan mujallar tattalin arziki ta Tejarat Farda, ya ce shawarar ta tuna masa da "tanderun ƙarfe na bayan gida" na Mao a lokacin Babban Tsalle na Gaba. Mao ya ƙarfafa mutane su yi nasu ƙarfe, wanda ya haifar da sakamako mai muni.
Amirhossein Hashemi-Javid, masanin makamashi, ya ce ainihin rikicin tattalin arzikin Iran shi ne rashin iya fitar da mai saboda katangar Amurka. "Hanyoyin sayar da man Iran suna bushewa."
"Man da ba zai iya isa ga abokan ciniki daga rijiyar ba yana ba da wani kuɗin shiga ga tattalin arzikin Iran; kawai ganga ne waɗanda ke ƙara haifar da farashin samarwa, ajiya, da haɗari kowace rana," in ji shi.
A wani lokaci, gwamnatin Iran za ta buƙaci yanke shawara ko za ta iya samun ƙarin nasara ta hanyar diflomasiyya fiye da ci gaba da fuskantar gaba.
Watanni shida kacal bayan fara yaƙi, kuma bayan da Trump ya yi wa masu zanga-zanga alkawari a watan Janairu cewa taimako yana kan hanya, abin da Amurka ke ba wa Iraniyawa yanzu shi ne ƙara talauci.
Tambayoyin da Aka Yi Yawaita
Anan akwai jerin tambayoyin da aka yi yawaita game da rikicin tattalin arzikin Iran da sabbin takunkumin Amurka waɗanda aka rubuta cikin yanayi mai sauƙin fahimta
Tambayoyi na Matakin Farko
1 Me yasa tattalin arzikin Iran ke cikin rikici a yanzu
Tattalin arzikin Iran yana fama saboda haɗin matsaloli na dogon lokaci takunkumin ƙasa da ƙasa mai tsanani hauhawar farashin kayayyaki raunin kuɗin ƙasa da kuma yawan rashin kyawun gudanarwar gwamnati Sabbin takunkumin suna ƙara wahalar da Iran wajen sayar da mai da yin kasuwanci da sauran ƙasashe wanda ke yanke manyan hanyoyin samun kuɗi
2 Menene waɗannan sabbin takunkumin kuma menene suke yi a zahiri
Sabbin takunkumin Amurka dokoki ne waɗanda ke hukunta kowane kamfani ko ƙasa da ke siyan man Iran ko yin kasuwanci da wasu bankunan Iran Suna yanke Iran daga tsarin banki na duniya kuma suna mai da haramun ga kamfanonin ƙasashen waje su biya Iran don babban abin da take fitarwa Wannan yana nufin Iran tana samun ƙarancin kuɗi don shigo da abinci magunguna da kayan aiki
3 Yaya wannan yake shafar talakawan Iran
Yana shafar su sosai Saboda ƙasar tana samun ƙarancin kuɗi ƙimar riyal na Iran yana faɗuwa Wannan yana sa kayayyakin da ake shigo da su su yi tsada sosai Albashin mutane ba ya tashi da sauri kamar farashin kayayyaki don haka ajiyarsu tana raguwa kuma ba za su iya siyan kayan yau da kullun ba Mutane da yawa suna rasa ayyukansu yayin da masana'antu ke rufewa saboda ƙarancin kayan aiki
4 Me yasa Amurka ke ci gaba da sanya takunkumi a kan Iran
Amurka ta ce takunkumin na nufin matsawa Iran don ta daina shirinta na makaman nukiliya daina tallafawa ƙungiyoyin masu fada a ji a Gabas ta Tsakiya da kuma daina haɓaka makamai masu dogon zango Manufar ita ce tilasta gwamnatin Iran ta canja halayenta ta hanyar sanya tattalin arzikinta ya sha wahala
5 Shin Iran za ta iya kasuwanci da sauran ƙasashe kamar China ko Rasha maimakon haka
Iran tana ƙoƙari amma yana da wahala China da Rasha suna siyan wasu man Iran amma sau da yawa suna biya da kuɗinsu ko kayayyaki maimakon dalar Amurka Har ila yau waɗannan ƙasashe suna damuwa game da hukuncin Amurka idan sun yi kasuwanci da Iran a fili don haka suna iyakance hulɗarsu
Tambayoyi na Matsakaicin Mataki
6 Menene kasuwar layi daya ta kuɗi kuma me yasa take da muhimmanci haka
Kudin musayar hukuma na riyal gwamnati ce ke saita shi kuma sau da yawa ba gaskiya ba ne Kasuwar layi daya ko kasuwar baƙar fata
