Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta yi gargadin cewa yanayin El Niño na "karuwa a idanunmu." Bisa ga sabbin hasashe, kusan tabbas zai karya rikodin zafin jiki.
Wannan El Niño mai yiwuwa ne ya fi karfi a cikin akalla shekaru 1,000, yana kara zafi a cikin yanayin da ya riga ya yi zafi da sauri saboda dumamar yanayi. Tare, wadannan abubuwan suna nufin an sa ran 2027 zai "tarwatsa" rikodin da ya gabata kuma ya zama shekara mafi zafi da aka taɓa yi.
Menene 'super El Niño' kuma menene zai iya nufi ga yanayin duniya?
Karanta karin
Zafin da ke karuwa daga El Niño ya riga ya haifar da matsaloli, daga mummunar gobarar daji a Indonesia zuwa raunana muhimman ruwan sama na damina a Indiya. Tasirinsa zai yadu a duk duniya, yana kawo karin hadarin gobara ga Australia da kuma mummunar ambaliya ga Kudancin Amurka. A watan Agusta, Shirin Abinci na Duniya ya ce El Niño na iya tura kusan mutane miliyan 50 cikin matsanancin yunwa.
Matsalar yanayi, wadda gurbacewar man fetur ke haifarwa, tana kara tsananta matsanancin yanayi da kuma haifar da mutuwa. A wannan bazara, Turai ta fuskanci matsanancin zafi mafi girma a tarihi, wanda ya kai akalla mutuwar mutane 35,000. El Niño zai kara tsananta wadannan tasirin, inda aka bayyana girman lamarin a matsayin "abin mamaki da gaske" da kuma faruwar "matakin Godzilla."
El Niño wani yanayi ne na halitta inda canjin iska a kan Tekun Pacific ke tara zafin teku kuma ya saki dumbin zafi cikin yanayi. Sabbin bayanai, daga ranar Litinin, sun nuna yanayin zafin teku a tsakiyar El Niño ya fi matsakaicin shekaru 30 da 2.6°C. Wannan ya riga ya kusa da mafi girman bambancin da aka taɓa yin rikodin a bayanan tauraron dan adam—3.1°C a 2015—kuma har yanzu akwai sauran watanni kafin kololuwar da ake sa ran.
Jadawalin bambancin zafin jiki
An yi hasashen wannan kololuwar zai kai kusan 4°C a watan Nuwamba, bisa ga matsakaicin samfura daban-daban 14. Zeke Hausfather, manazarcin yanayi, ya ce bayanai daga murjani, zoben bishiya, da rikodin tarihi sun nuna babu wani El Niño da ya kai wannan matakin a cikin shekaru dubu da suka gabata. Duk wani bambancin zafin jiki sama da 0.5°C ana lasafta shi a matsayin El Niño.
Wani abin damuwa shi ne cewa bincike na baya-bayan nan ya nuna dumamar yanayi yanzu tana kara karfin zagayowar El Niño, wanda hakan ke kara tsananta tasirin matsalar yanayi.
"El Niño yana karuwa a idanunmu," in ji Sakatare-Janar na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya António Guterres. "Kimiyya ba ta barin wurin shakku: duniya tana cikin ruwan da ba a sani ba, kuma wadannan ruwan suna zafi. Duniya tana cikin yankin hadari na matsanancin yanayi. Tseren yanzu yana tsakanin karuwar hadari da jajircewarmu na daukar matakin yanayi da kare mutane. Dole ne mu ci wannan tseren."
Hasashen bambancin zafin jiki
"El Niño na da damar kawo babban rauni ga al'ummomi da tattalin arzikin duniya baki daya," in ji Celeste Saulo, Sakatare-Janar na Hukumar Kula da Yanayi ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (WMO). "Mun riga muna ganin rushewa da barnar da fari da ambaliya ke haifarwa, kuma muna sa ran wadannan tasirin za su karu yayin da El Niño ke kara karfi."
"Ba a taɓa yin irin wannan babban taron ba a cikin shekaru 50 na tarihin WMO tare da ma'aikatun yanayi na kasa da na ruwa, wadanda ke kan gaba wajen isar da hasashe da ayyuka don ceton rayuka da rayuwa. Ba mu da lokacin da za mu bata."
Tsallake tallan wasiƙar labarai
Wasiƙar labarai kyauta | Mako-mako
Yi rajista zuwa Down to Earth
Muhimman labaran duniya. Samu duk labaran muhalli na mako—mai kyau, mara kyau, da muhimmi.
Shigar da imel ɗinka
Yi rajista
Bayan tallan wasiƙar labarai
Sabunta bayanan El Niño na WMO su ne mafi ingantattun hasashe a duniya, bisa ga yarjejeniyar samfura daga cibiyoyin hasashen yanayi na duniya. Sabunta bayanan da aka buga ranar Alhamis, ya ce El Niño ya kafu sosai kuma zai kara karfi zuwa "babban lamari mai karfi," tare da "manyan tasirin" ciki har da ambaliya, fari, da matsanancin zafi da ke ci gaba har zuwa 2027. Yanayin zafin saman teku ya kasance babban abin mamaki na 8°C sama da matsakaici a watan Yuli da farkon Agusta.
Chris Jaccarini, daga Sashin Ilimin Makamashi da Yanayi a Burtaniya, ya ce: "Matsanancin yanayi a duniya ya kara hauhawar farashin abinci, yana cutar da matalauta mafi yawa. Wannan ba wai kawai game da abincin da muke shigo da shi ba, har ma da abin da muke noma a gida."
"Bayan zafi biyar da fari mai yaduwa, manoman Burtaniya yanzu suna fuskantar mafi munin girbi a rikodin a 2026. Amma duk da haka, idan ba a dauki mataki ba, wadannan na iya zama shekaru masu kyau. Sai dai idan ba mu rage fitar da iskar gas da kuma karfafa juriya ba, tasirin canjin yanayi zai ci gaba da tabarbarewa, tare da El Niño yana kara tsananta yanayin kowane shekaru."
Taron yanayi na The Guardian 2026
A ranar Talata, 20 ga Oktoba, kasance tare da Damian Carrington da tawagarmu na kwararru, ciki har da Farfesa Andy Haines, Katie White MP, Asad Rehman, Shruti Suresh, Gareth Thomas, da Amy Fairman, don maraice da ke mai da hankali kan bege da mafita. Yi ajiyar tikiti anan ko a guardian.live.
Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi
Anan akwai jerin tambayoyin da ake yawan yi game da gargadin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na El Niño mai karya rikodin da aka rubuta cikin yanayi na halitta tare da bayyanannun amsoshi masu sauki
Gabaɗaya Tambayoyin Masu Farawa
1 Menene ainihin El Niño
Ka yi tunanin shi a matsayin babban tafkin ruwan dumi da ke kwarara zuwa gabashin Tekun Pacific kowane shekaru kadan Wannan ruwan dumi yana canza yadda iska ke motsawa a saman teku, wanda ke dagula tsarin yanayi a duk duniya
2 Me yasa Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ke gargadi game da karuwar sa a idanunmu
Hukumar yanayi ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya tana kallon yadda zafin teku ke tashi fiye da yadda ake tsammani Suna ganin yanayin yana karfafa a lokaci guda kuma bayanan farko sun nuna wannan na iya zama daya daga cikin mafi karfin El Niño da aka taɓa yin rikodin
3 Menene El Niño mai karya rikodin ke nufi ga mutane na yau da kullum
Yana nufin matsanancin yanayi ya fi yiwuwa Dangane da inda kake zaune wannan na iya nufin fari mai tsanani, ambaliya mai girma, yanayin zafi fiye da na al'ada, ko guguwa mai karfi Yana dagula noma, samar da ruwa, har ma yana iya shafar farashin abinci a duniya
4 Yaushe ne wannan El Niño zai kai kololuwar sa
Yawanci wadannan al'amura suna karuwa a lokacin bazara kuma suna kaiwa iyakar karfin su tsakanin Nuwamba da Janairu Majalisar Dinkin Duniya tana gargadin cewa za a ji tasirin sosai a wannan lokacin hunturu
5 Shin canjin yanayi ne ke haifar da wannan El Niño
El Niño wani yanayi ne na halitta wanda ya taɓa faruwa a koyaushe Duk da haka masana kimiyya sun ce canjin yanayi yana kara tsananta tasirin sa Karin zafin da ke cikin yanayi daga dumamar yanayi yana nufin zafin halitta na El Niño yana kara a kai, yana haifar da matsanancin zafi da yanayin zafi
Ci gaba Tambayoyin Tasiri
6 Yaya Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ke auna wannan don sanin zai karya rikodin
Suna lura da yanayin zafin saman teku a tsakiyar da gabashin Pacific Idan zafin ya tashi fiye da digiri 2 sama da matsakaici a wannan yankin, ana lasafta shi a matsayin super El Niño Bayanan yanzu suna kusa da wadancan manyan matakan tarihi, kamar manyan al'amura na 1997 da 2015
7 Wadanne bala'o'in yanayi na musamman muke iya gani
Labari ne na matsanancin biyu: Ana sa ran ruwan sama mai yawa da ambaliya a sassan Kudancin Amurka da kudancin Amurka Sabanin haka, ana sa ran fari mai tsanani da gobarar daji a Australia
