Ministan harkokin wajen Iran ya yi watsi da barazanar sabbin takunkumin tattalin arzikin Amurka a matsayin wani yunkuri na "ficewa daga damuwa," ko da yake shugaban kasar ya amince cewa al'ummar Iran na fuskantar "matsaloli da yawa" saboda kokarin Washington na ware da kuma raunana tattalin arzikin kasar.
A makon da ya gabata, Donald Trump ya sanar da wani sabon kamfen na kara matsin lamba kan tattalin arzikin Iran, yana kiransa "mafi girman aikin tattalin arziki da aka taba yi wa kowace kasa." Ana sa ran Sakataren Baitulmalin Amurka Scott Bessent zai bayyana wasu matakan ladabtarwa na kara kan Iran a ranar Litinin, wanda ya bayyana a matsayin "mafi tsananin takunkumi a tarihi."
Duk da wadannan barazanar, ministan harkokin wajen Iran, Abbas Araghchi, ya dage cewa kasar ta ci gaba da bijirewa. A wani bidiyo da ya wallafa a Telegram ranar Lahadi, ya ce, "Kasancewar [shugabannin Amurka] sun kau da kai daga ayyukan soja zuwa kawo wadannan tsofaffin tsare-tsare yana nuna cewa sun fidda rai. Ba mu taba jin tsoro ba. Duk ayyukansu โ ko na katange ko wasu yunkurin soja โ sun gaza, kuma wannan sabon al'amarin nasu ma zai gaza." Araghchi ya bukaci Washington da ta tattauna da Iran cikin mutunci kuma ta sami "maganin da ya danganci adalci da mutunci."
Saฦon nasa na bijirewa ya zo ne sa'o'i kadan bayan shugaban Iran, Masoud Pezeshkian, ya ce Trump ya tura kasar cikin "yakin tattalin arziki, soja, da tsaro na cikakken mataki." A wani jawabi da aka watsa a gidan talabijin na gwamnati, ya amince, "Na fahimci muna da matsaloli da yawa a cikin al'umma a yanzu. Muna kokarin hana wadannan gwargwadon iyawarmu. Muna kokari da dukkan zukatanmu don shawo kan hauhawar farashi, matsalolin rayuwa, rashin aikin yi, da kuma tabbatar da makomar al'umma, domin su iya rayuwa cikin mutunci da alfahari."
Iran ta shaida wasu guguwar zanga-zangar jama'a da yawa a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, sau da yawa tana tasowa ne daga matsalolin tattalin arziki kamar hauhawar farashi da sauyin kudin waje wadanda suka rage karfin sayayya. A karshen watan Disamba na bara, wani yunkurin zanga-zangar da ya fara kan hauhawar farashin rayuwa ya rikide zuwa manyan zanga-zangar adawa da masu mulki.
Hukumomi sun bayar da rahoton mutuwar fiye da 3,000 a lokacin tashin hankalin, suna zargin Amurka da Isra'ila da shirya tashin hankalin. Duk da haka, kungiyoyin sa-kai na kasashen waje sun ce jami'an Iran sun aiwatar da wani mataki na danniya wanda ya kashe dubbai ba tare da nuna bambanci ba.
Sabon shugaban babbar hukumar tsaro ta Iran ya kuma gargadi kasashen makwabta game da shiga kokarin Amurka na matsa wa tattalin arzikin Tehran, kuma ya yi barazanar dukiyar kasuwanci ta Amurka a yankin. Wannan ya zo ne yayin da Trump ya kara ninka kan da'awarsa ta ban mamaki cewa mashigin Hormuz sabon yanki ne na Amurka.
Mohsen Rezaei, shugaban majalisar tsaro ta kasa ta Iran mai tsaurin ra'ayi, ya fadawa gidan talabijin na gwamnati cewa Iran za ta kai hari kan hanyoyin jigilar mai daga Gulf โ madadin mashigin Hormuz โ idan makwabtanta suka shiga abin da ya kira "yakin tattalin arziki" da Amurka ke yi. Ya ce wadannan makwabta za a "dauke su a matsayin abokan gaba" kuma "za mu kai hari kan muradinsu."
Rezaei ya kuma yi ikirarin cewa Iran na da wasu zabubbuka a cikin wannan rikici, yana cewa "har yanzu ba mu kai hari kan duk wata muradin tattalin arziki na Amurka ba." A wata hira da aka watsa ranar Asabar, ya ce, "Ya zuwa yanzu, mun kai hari kan sansanonin soja ne kawai, amma idan suna so su sanya mana takunkumin tattalin arziki, Amurka na da kamfanonin mai da tattalin arziki a kusa da Iran da sauran wurare, kuma za mu buge su."
Kokarin Trump na kawo karshen yakin da ya fara tare da Isra'ila a ranar 28 ga Fabrairu ya tsaya cak bayan yarjejeniyar tsagaita wuta. Yarjejeniyar da aka sanya wa hannu a watan Yuni ta rushe, ta bar Iran da iko a kan mashigin Hormuz โ wata hanyar ruwa da ke dauke da kashi biyar na wadatar mai a duniya kafin rikicin ya fara.
Washington ta bukaci sauran kasashe, musamman China โ daya daga cikin manyan abokan harkokin Iran โ da su shiga kokarinta na ware tattalin arzikin Iran. Duk da haka, Beijing ta soki wannan shirin, tana mai cewa takunkumin Amurka ba zai warware rikicin Gabas ta Tsakiya ba.
Duba hoto cikin cikakken girma
Wani shago na 'ya'yan itace da kayan lambu a kasuwar titi a Tehran ranar Asabar. Hoton: Abedin Taherkenareh/EPA
Daya daga cikin manyan abokan cinikin Iran, Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa, ta sanar a ranar Talata da ta gabata cewa tana dakatar da duk wata ciniki da hada-hadar kudi da Tehran har zuwa wani lokaci.
Baitulmalin Amurka ya shafe watanni yana gudanar da "Operation Economic Fury," da nufin katse hanyoyin samun kudaden Iran ta hanyar takunkumin da aka yi niyya. A lokaci guda, wani katange na ruwa a mashigin Hormuz ya yi kokarin dakatar da fitar da mai na Iran, wanda ke da muhimmanci wajen ci gaba da tattalin arzikin kasar.
A cikin 'yan kwanakin nan, shugaban Amurka ya sha maimaita ra'ayin ayyana mashigin a matsayin yankin Amurka, har ma ya raba taswira da ke nuna hakan a wani sakon sada zumunta ranar Asabar.
Sakon Donald Trump a Truth Social. Hoton: @realDonaldTrump/TruthSocial
A cikin hirarsa, Rezaei ya ce har yanzu ana tattaunawa da Oman โ makwabciyar Iran a hayin mashigin โ game da gudanar da hanyar ruwan, kuma ya ambaci cewa za a gabatar da kudade.
Shugaban Faransa, Emmanuel Macron, da Yarima mai jiran gado na Saudiyya Mohammed bin Salman ana sa ran za su tattauna tsare-tsare na madadin hanyoyi zuwa mashigin Hormuz a yayin ziyarar shugaban Saudiyya na kwanaki biyu a Paris, wanda zai fara ranar Lahadi. Jami'ai sun fadawa Associated Press cewa shawarwarin sun hada da bunkasa kasuwanci ta tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Omani a wajen Gulf, fadada ko ninka bututun mai a Saudiyya da sauran wurare, da gina sabbin hanyoyin jirgin kasa.
Faransa da Saudiyya sun kafa wata kungiyar aiki kan makamashi da hanyoyin sadarwa tsakanin Gabas ta Tsakiya da Turai, wadda aka tsara za ta hadu a matakin ministoci ranar Litinin. Jami'an sun ce za a mayar da hankali kan zabar ayyukan da suka fi dacewa, tabbatar da kudade, da kuma ayyana rawar da kamfanonin Faransa za su taka.
Tare da Agence France-Presse, Associated Press, da Reuters
Tambayoyi da Aka Yi Yawaita
Anan akwai jerin tambayoyin da aka yi yawaita dangane da labarin cewa ministan harkokin wajen Iran ya kira sabbin takunkumin Amurka a matsayin wani aiki na fidda rai
Tambayoyi na Matakin Farko
1. Menene ainihin abin da ministan harkokin wajen Iran ya ce?
Ya ce barazanar sabbin takunkumin tattalin arziki na Amurka a kan Iran wani aiki ne na fidda rai. Yana nuna cewa Amurka ta kare da hanyoyin da za ta matsa wa Iran, kuma tana komawa ga takunkumin da ba zai canza halin Iran ba.
2. Me ya sa ya kira takunkumin a matsayin fidda rai?
Ya yi imanin cewa Amurka ta riga ta sanya takunkumi da yawa har kara sabbin ba zai yi tasiri na gaske ba. Yana kallon hakan a matsayin alamar rauni ko takaici na Amurka maimakon karfi, domin tana maimaita dabarar da ta riga ta gaza wajen tilasta Iran ta mika wuya.
3. Menene takunkumin tattalin arziki?
Takunkumi hukunci ne โ kamar dakatar da tafiye-tafiye ko daskare kadarori โ da wata kasa ke sanyawa a kan wata don hukunta su ko tilasta musu su canza manufofinsu. Takunkumin tattalin arziki musamman yana kaiwa ga ciniki, banki, da sayar da mai don katse hanyoyin samun kudin wata kasa.
4. Me ya sa Amurka ke barazanar sabbin takunkumi?
Amurka yawanci tana kokarin hana Iran ci gaba da shirinta na nukiliya, tallafawa kungiyoyin masu fada aji, ko kera makamai masu linzami. Takunkumin na nufin matsa wa Iran ta koma kan teburin tattaunawa kuma ta amince da karin iyakoki.
5. Shin wadannan sabbin takunkumi za su cutar da talakawan Iran?
E, sau da yawa suna cutarwa. Takunkumi na sa wa Iran wahalar sayar da mai, wanda shine babban tushen kudinta. Wannan yana haifar da hauhawar farashi da karancin magunguna da abinci, wanda ke cutar da talakawa fiye da shugabannin gwamnati.
Tambayoyi na Matsakaicin Mataki
6. Menene mahallin da ke bayan wannan barazanar takunkumi?
Barazanar ta bayyana a matsayin martani ga saurin da Iran ke kara yawan wadatar uranium da kuma kin cikakken hadin kai da masu duba nukiliya na kasa da kasa. Amurka na kokarin amfani da matsin tattalin arziki don tilasta Iran ta koma ga yarjejeniyar nukiliya ta 2015, wadda ta lalace tun lokacin da Amurka ta fice a 2018.
7. Idan takunkumi ba su yi aiki ba, me ya sa Amurka ke ci gaba da amfani da su?
Takunkumi kayan aiki ne na tsaka-tsaki tsakanin diflomasiyya da aikin soja. Ko da ba su tilasta mika wuya gaba daya ba, suna iya raunana kudaden aikin soja na Iran, sassauta shirinta na nukiliya, da kuma sanya wa Iran tsadar aiki. Amurka kuma
