Tun daga farko, akwai alamun cewa wannan damar ta yi kama da ta yi kyau har ba za a iya gaskata ba. Wani mai daukar ma'aikata ya aiko min da imel game da matsayin ɗan jarida tare da "babban tawagar edita na fasaha da kasuwa na Amurka." Ta bayyana cewa rawar wannan aikin wani bangare ne na faɗaɗa sirri kuma ba a tallata shi a bainar jama'a ba.
Hankalina yana gargaɗi ni, amma lokacin ya yi kama da mai sa'a. Ina neman sabon aiki yayin da hutun haihuwa na ke ƙarewa. Da farko, imel ɗin ya bayyana halal. Lokacin da na duba mai aikawa, na sami bayanan LinkedIn na mai daukar ma'aikata mai suna da hoto iri ɗaya. Saƙon ya kasance na musamman, yana ambaton ayyukana na baya da ƙwarewa ta musamman. "Mai da hankalinka kan tasirin AI a duniyar gaske, al'adun dijital, da tattalin arzikin gig sun yi daidai da wani umarni na ciki, babban fifiko da nake gudanarwa," in ji mai daukar ma'aikatan.
Na amsa. Ta tambayi CV dina, tsammanin albashi, tsarin aikin da na fi so, da sassaucin wurin aiki. A madadin, ta aiko da cikakken bayanin aikin. Aikin ya dace da ni sosai - kusan ya dace sosai, kamar wani ya ciyar da CV dina cikin ChatGPT don samar da aikin da ya dace da tarihina. Ya kasance a cikin birnina kuma yana ba da aikin haɗin gwiwa, kamar yadda na ke so. Babban tutar ja: Na ba da shawarar babban albashi, amma tayin ya fi girma.
A lokacin, na tabbata cewa zamba ne, amma har yanzu ban iya gano dabarar ba. Na yi ƙoƙari in fayyace abubuwan ban mamaki. Wataƙila kamfani ne na Amurka mai albashi mafi girma? Na tambayi game da matakai na gaba. Mai daukar ma'aikatan sannan ya ba da ra'ayi: CV dina ya sayar da ƙwarewar jagoranci kuma yana buƙatar gogewa. Ta ba da shawarar haɗa ni da ƙwararre wanda zai iya haɓaka bayanina, kuma za su tattauna farashi kai tsaye tare da ni.
Ah, to shi ke nan.
A cikin yanayin kasuwar aiki mai wahala ta Burtaniya, zamba na ɗaukar ma'aikata yana ƙaruwa. Masu zamba suna amfani da tayin aikin ƙarya don yaudari mutane don kuɗi ko bayanan sirri. Report Fraud, sabis na bayar da rahoto na laifukan yanar gizo na ƙasar Burtaniya, ya karɓi rahotannin zamba na ɗaukar ma'aikata fiye da sau biyu a cikin 2024 idan aka kwatanta da 2022. Ƙungiyar Banki ta Lloyds ta lura da haɓakar zamba na aiki da kashi 237% daga Janairu zuwa Agusta na bara, kuma Monzo ya ba da rahoton cewa fiye da 10,000 abokan cinikinsa sun zama wanda aka azabtar da irin wannan zamba a cikin 2025.
Kayan aikin AI sun sa zamba ya zama mai sauƙi, in ji Keith Rosser, shugaban JobsAware, ƙungiyar sa-kai da ke taimaka wa ma'aikata bayar da rahoton zamba. "Kuna iya zama a ko'ina a duniya kuma ku gudanar da babban zamba na aiki da ke hari mutane a Burtaniya," in ji shi. "Ba shi da wahala sosai, kuna da damar yin nasara mai ma'ana, kuma ƙaramin damar kama ku."
A cikin yanayina, na yi asara sa'a ɗaya kawai don inganta CV dina da ɗan girman kai. Amma idan da na kasance ƙaramin gogewa, ƙaramin shakku, ko kuma kawai na fi yunwa?
Zamba na ɗaukar ma'aikata yana ɗaukar nau'ikan nau'ikan daban-daban. Wani nau'i na gama gari, wanda aka sani da "zamba na aiki," yana alƙawarin kuɗi mai sauƙi don ayyuka masu sauƙi na kan layi kamar son bidiyon TikTok ko bitar samfura. Masu zamba sukan isa ta WhatsApp ko kafofin sada zumunta, suna ba da aikin nesa, sa'o'i masu sassauƙa, da kuɗi cikin sauri. Wani lokaci, suna biyan ƙananan kuɗi da farko don gina amincewa, sannan su fara neman kuɗi - misali, don samun damar kuɗi ko haɓaka asusunku don samun ƙarin kuɗi. A wasu lokuta, wadanda aka azabtar na iya shiga cikin wawashe kuɗi na haramta ba da gangan ba.
Ayyukan wawashe kuɗi sun haɗa da masu laifi suna saka kuɗi a cikin asusun banki na wani sannan su nemi su canja shi zuwa gaba, suna ajiye hudu don kansu.
Zamba na aiki sau da yawa yana kaiwa ga matasa, kamar ɗalibai masu neman aiki. Sauran zamba, kamar zamba na CV da ya kai min hari, suna nufin ma'aikata mafi girma kuma an keɓance su. Masu zamba akai-akai suna kwaikwayi masu daukar ma'aikata na gaske ko ma'aikata; wasu masu daukar ma'aikata sun ba da rahoton cewa an kwafi bayanan LinkedIn ɗin su, tare da masu zamba daga nan suka yi amfani da bayanansu don aika saƙo ga masu neman aiki.
Bayan jawo masu neman aiki tare da tayin aiki, masu zamba suna neman kuɗi a ƙarƙashin dalilai daban-daban. A cikin yanayina, sun yi iƙirarin cewa don inganta CV dina kuma sun ba da shawarar cewa wannan ya zama dole don a yi la'akari da babban aikin da suka bayar. Wasu na iya cewa kuɗin don horo, kayan aiki, ko kuɗin tafiya wanda ma'aikacin zai biya daga baya. Sabis na Bayyani da Hana Gwamnati ya ba da rahoton zamba na neman biyan kuɗi don binciken bango na ƙarya. Wani lokaci, masu zamba suna kai hari musamman ga masu neman aiki a ƙasashen waje, suna neman kuɗi don biyan kuɗin visa.
"Mun ji labarin inda hirar aikin da kanta ta zama zamba," in ji Lisa Webb, ƙwararriyar doka ta mabukaci a Which?. "An nemi ku kira lamba don hirar, kuma wannan lambar layi ce mai ƙima, don haka ku ƙare ku biya."
Ko da ba a musayar kuɗi ba, ana iya amfani da zamba don tattara bayanan sirri na waɗanda aka azabtar. Ta hanyar yin kamar ma'aikaci na ƙarya, masu zamba na iya samun cikakkun bayanan banki ko bayanan fasfo. "Ana iya yin kwafin ainihin ku," in ji Webb. "Mutane na iya ɗaukar lamuni ko katunan bashi da sunanka, wanda zai iya shafar kuɗin ku."
Matasa da waɗanda suka bar makaranta kwanan nan sune abubuwan da aka fi kai hari.
Lokacin da na farko karɓar imel daga "mai daukar ma'aikata" na, na yi sha'awar yadda ya kasance ƙwararru kuma an keɓance shi. Rubutun yana da kyau, kuma mai aikawa a fili ya san tarihina. Ya ji na sirri. Shekaru biyar da suka gabata, a cewar Rosser, sau da yawa kuna iya gano zamba ta hanyar rashin nahawu. "Amma suna da wayo yanzu."
"Haɓakar samun damar AI yana nufin masu laifi suna da ƙarin tasiri fiye da kowane lokaci," in ji Webb. "Suna iya ƙirƙirar zamba da sauri, su sa su fi dacewa, kuma sun fi ƙwarewa sosai."
Oleksandra Lietova, shugabar tallace-tallace a dandalin ilimi Ratatype, ta lura da wannan canjin. Ta kasance tana samun tayin aikin ƙarya a fili - saƙonni marasa ma'ana don ayyukan da ba su da alaƙa. Amma kwanan nan, ta karɓi jerin imel ɗin da suka yi kama da na gaske. Sun bayyana sun fito ne daga sanannun kamfanoni kamar Burberry, Ernst & Young, Google, da Meta, suna amfani da tambarin gaske. Duk da haka, bayan dubawa sosai, ta lura adiresoshin masu aikawa ba su dace da tsarin hukuma na kamfanonin ba kuma imel ɗin ya ƙunshi hanyoyin haɗi masu shakku.
Ta raba hotunan allon a kan layi don gargaɗi wasu. "Lokacin da ka buɗe imel ɗin da ke cewa, 'Sannu, muna daga Google, muna da damar aiki a gare ku,' kana tunani na ɗan lokaci, 'Kai, wannan shi ne. A ƙarshe, na yi shi,'" in ji ta.
Rosser ya nuna cewa zamba na ɗaukar ma'aikata yana amfani da wannan sha'awar tunani. "Mutane da yawa suna jin kamar an gano su - 'Wani yana so ni!'" in ji shi.
Kamar yadda yake tare da duk zamba, zamba na ɗaukar ma'aikata yana amfani da rauni, in ji Linda Homewood, jakadan zamba da zamba a ƙungiyar agaji ta Cyber Helpline ta Burtaniya. Tare da yawan rashin aikin yi a Burtaniya a matsayin mafi girma a cikin shekaru biyar da Amurka tana fuskantar mafi raunin shekara don haɓakar aiki tun bayan annobar, masu neman aiki da yawa a duniya suna cikin bukatar, suna mai da su abin da ake hari cikin sauƙi.
Kuna son mafi kyawun aiki da haɓakar albashi? Ga hanyoyi goma sha ɗaya don ci gaba a cikin aikinku - kuma ku guji 'talla mara kyau.'
Candice Jackson na Seattle, mace da ke aiki a tallafin abokin ciniki ga kamfanonin fasaha da kiwon lafiya ta gano wannan kanta bayan ta rasa aikinta a cikin 2023. Ta yi gwagwarmaya don neman irin wannan matsayi kuma ta fara fuskantar matsalar kuɗi. Kamfanin jinginar gidanta yana matsa mata, yana sanya gidanta cikin haɗari. Don haka lokacin da masu daukar ma'aikata a LinkedIn suka aiko mata da saƙo tare da abin da ya yi kama da cikakkiyar damar aiki, ta yi tsalle a damar. Wani mai daukar ma'aikata ya ce tana buƙatar samun CV dinta gyarawa ta ƙwararru kuma ya tura ta ga ƙwararren CV a dandalin freelance Fiverr. Ta ji wani abu ya ɓace, amma a lokacin, ba ta da lokacin tunani. "Duk yaren da suka yi amfani da shi shine: gaggawa, gaggawa, gaggawa. Dole ne ku yi haka yanzu, yanzu, yanzu," in ji ta.
Bayan an yi mata zamba, babban abin da Jackson ta ji shi ne kunya. "A baya, na ga wasu mutane suna shiga cikin zamba kuma ina tunani, 'Ta yaya za ku faɗi cikin hakan?'" in ji ta. "Kuma sai na faɗi ciki, na yi tunani a raina, 'Ta yaya za ku zama wawa haka?'"
Wannan wani abu ne na gama gari, in ji Homewood. Bincike na Cyber Helpline ya gano cewa waɗanda abin ya shafa suna ƙididdige tasirin laifukan kan lafiyar hankali fiye da na kuɗi. "Babban abu shine jin wawa," in ji ta.
Gargajiya ya ce idan wani abu ya yi kama da yana da kyau har ba za a iya gaskata ba, to yana yiwuwa. Amma Webb da Homewood suna ƙarfafa ƙin tsara zamba na ɗaukar ma'aikata ta hanyar da ke zargin waɗanda abin ya shafa. "Ina so, ina so sosai waɗanda abin ya shafa su san cewa wannan ba laifinsu ba ne," in ji Webb. "Waɗannan masu laifi ne, kuma kai wanda aka azabtar da laifi ne."
Akwai wasu matakai masu amfani da za ku iya ɗauka don ƙoƙarin gano zamba. Yi shakku musamman game da tuntuɓar da ba a nema ba, saƙonni daga adiresoshin imel na gaba ɗaya kamar Gmail ko Yahoo, da sadarwa ta WhatsApp ko kafofin sada zumunta. Idan ba ku da tabbas game da kamfani, kuna iya bincika ta hanyar duba shi a Gidan Kamfanoni idan an yi rajista a Burtaniya. Idan ka ga tallan aiki mai shakku ko ka karɓi tayin da ya yi kama da tambaya, za ka iya tuntuɓar kamfanin ɗaukar ma'aikata kai tsaye don duba idan yana da halal.
Amma, kamar yadda Webb ta ce, wannan ba koyaushe yana aiki ba. Mutanen da ke cikin buƙatar aiki na iya yin neman ɗaruruwan mukamai kuma ba za su gane lokacin da wani ya tunkare su ba. "Zamba sau da yawa yana aiki saboda suna kai hari ga mutanen da ba su da lokaci, an raba hankalinsu, ko kuma suna tsakiyar wani abu," in ji ta.
Dandamalin ɗaukar ma'aikata na kan layi suma suna da ɗan alhaki, in ji Rosser. Yana so ya ga ingantaccen tsari, daidaitaccen tsari don bincika ingancin tallace-tallacen aikin da aka buga a irin waɗannan rukunin yanar gizon.
Idan kun yi imanin cewa kun kasance wanda aka azabtar da zamba na ɗaukar ma'aikata, abu na farko da za ku yi shi ne tuntuɓar bankin ku ta amfani da lambar da ke bayan katin ku don tabbatar da cewa kuna magana da ƙungiyar zamba ta gaske. A wasu lokuta, kuna iya dawo da kuɗin ku. Homewood kuma tana ƙarfafa waɗanda abin ya shafa don ba da rahoton lamarin ga '
