Wani babban jami'i a Babban Bankin Turai ya yi kashedin cewa matsalar yanayi da rugujewar yanayi na haifar da barazana mai girma ga tattalin arzikin duniya cikin sauri.
Frank Elderson, memba na kwamitin gudanarwa na ECB, ya ce babban bankin yankin Euro yana ƙara sa ido kan haɗarin kuɗi da ke da alaƙa da asarar "sabis na muhalli"—tsarin halitta da albarkatun da ke tallafawa ayyukan ɗan adam.
"Waɗannan sabis ɗin ba su da kwanciyar hankali; suna raguwa cikin sauri. Shi ya sa muke magana game da matsalar yanayi da halitta," in ji shi. "Da zarar mun fahimci yadda muke dogaro da su da kuma yadda bankuna ke fuskantar haɗari, za mu ga cewa wannan damuwa ce ta gaske."
A duk faɗin Faransa da Spain, gobarar daji ta tashi a lokacin zafi mai tsanani, tana lalata ƙasa, kasuwanci, da gidaje. Bayan asarar ɗan adam kai tsaye, wannan matsalar za ta ɗauki nauyin tattalin arziki mai nauyi.
A cikin hira da Guardian kafin ɓarnar da ta faru a Turai kwanan nan, Elderson ya ce a bayyane yake cewa yawan bala'o'in halitta da ke da alaƙa da dumamar yanayi na haifar da haɗari ga kwanciyar hankalin kuɗi.
Ya lura cewa ana buƙatar ƙarin aiki don tantance haɗarin da ke tattare da rugujewar sabis na muhalli, tunda dogaro da yanayi yana da wuyar ganewa fiye da tasirin wani abu guda na yanayi mai tsanani.
Sabis na muhalli sune duk wata fa'ida da ake samu daga tsarin halitta ko matakai—alal misali, ruwa na iya zama albarkatun ƙasa, tushen wutar lantarki ta hanyar ruwa, ko hanyar sufuri. Har ila yau yana ba da muhalli ga rayuwar ruwa da ke da muhimmanci ga samar da abinci kuma yana tallafawa ayyukan nishaɗi.
"Haɗarin da ke da alaƙa da yanayi na iya haifar da manyan haɗarin tattalin arziki da kuɗi, ciki har da ta hanyar tasirinsu ga haɗarin bashi, haɓaka, hauhawar farashi, da—a cikin dogon lokaci—yiwuwar rashin kwanciyar hankalin kuɗi," in ji Elderson.
"Na faɗa a cikin hirarraki da suka gabata cewa idan ka lalata yanayi, za ka lalata tushen da tattalin arzikinmu ya dogara a kai. Wannan ya ja hankalin mutane. Wannan ba wani aiki ne na rungumar bishiya ko fure ba. Wannan tattalin arziki ne na asali. Wannan game da kwanciyar hankalin kuɗi da kwanciyar hankalin farashi ne a zuciyarsu."
A matsayinsa na mai kula da manyan bankunan Turai, ECB ta ƙaddamar da shirin aiki don tantance yadda ɓarnar da ke kara ta'azzama ga sabis na muhalli za ta iya jefa tsarin kuɗi cikin haɗari.
Babban bankin na shirin buga bincike daga baya a wannan shekara wanda zai duba yadda "hanyoyin lalacewar muhalli" za su iya shafar asarar bashi ga bankunan yankin Euro.
Elderson, ɗan ƙasar Holland lauya kuma ma'aikacin babban bankin, ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kafa Network for Greening the Financial System (NGFS) a 2017, tare da Mark Carney da François Villeroy de Galhau, shugabannin Bankin Ingila da Banque de France a lokacin. Ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban kafa na ƙungiyar, wadda yanzu ta ƙunshi bankunan tsakiya na duniya 114 da masu kula da kuɗi waɗanda ke aiki don haɓaka sarrafa haɗarin yanayi.
Ƙoƙarin samar da kuɗi mai kore ya fuskanci juriya a ƙarƙashin Shugaban Amurka Donald Trump, yayin da wasu kasuwanci ke ƙoƙarin kasancewa da alaƙa da tattalin arzikin mai. Trump ya fitar da Amurka daga NGFS a bara, yana barin Turai ta jagoranci kan haɗarin da ke da alaƙa da yanayi ba tare da babbar tattalin arzikin duniya ba.
Elderson ya ce masana'antar banki ta ci gaba da gamsuwa cewa dole ne a magance haɗarin da ke da alaƙa da yanayi da halitta.
"Ina tsammanin zai yi wuya a sami banki a Turai da zai faɗi gaskiya cewa ba su tunanin wannan yana da muhimmanci," in ji shi. "Na yi imani cewa wannan lokaci ya wuce."
