Mazaɓa a Andalucía, wani yanki a kudancin Spain, za su je rumfunan zaɓe a ƙarshen wannan mako a zaɓen da ake sa ran zai baiwa jam’iyyar Conservative People’s Party (PP) rinjaye kai tsaye. Wannan zai zama wani babban bugu ga jam’iyyar Socialist ta Pedro Sánchez da ke fama da matsaloli a yankin da ya taɓa zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan sansanoninta.
Zaɓen ranar Lahadi a yankin da ya fi yawan jama’a a Spain—wanda shine babban zaɓe na ƙarshe kafin babban zaɓe na shekara mai zuwa—zai zama ma’auni na ra’ayin jama’a gabaɗaya. Hakanan zai iya nuna ko goyon baya ga jam’iyyar Vox mai ra’ayin mazan jiya ta fara raguwa.
PP, wadda ta yi mulkin wannan tsohon sansanin Socialist tsawon shekaru bakwai da suka gabata, tana ƙoƙarin mayar da zaɓen a matsayin kuri’ar raba gardama kan Sánchez, firaminista. Ƙungiyarsa ta kusa, jam’iyyarsa, da gwamnatinsa suna fuskantar jerin zarge-zargen cin hanci da rashawa.
Bisa ga binciken jin ra’ayi, shugaban yankin PP na yanzu, Juan Manuel Moreno Bonilla, yana kan hanyar da zai kusan daidaita sakamakonsa na 2022, lokacin da masu ra’ayin mazan jiya suka ci kujeru 58 a majalisar yankin mai kujeru 109.
A halin da ake ciki, jam’iyyar Spanish Socialist Workers’ Party (PSOE), wadda ta yi mulkin Andalucía daga 1982 zuwa 2019, tana shirin samun sakamako mafi muni a tarihinta, inda za ta ragu daga kujeru 30 zuwa 28.
Vox, wadda ta shiga siyasar Spain ta yau da kullun a zaɓen yankin Andalusia na 2018, ana sa ran za ta sami ƙarin kujeru ɗaya ko biyu, a kan 14 da ta ci shekaru huɗu da suka gabata.
Moreno yana fatan wani cikakken rinjaye zai nuna cewa ba zai dogara ga Vox ba. Jam’iyyar masu ra’ayin mazan jiya tana ƙoƙarin tura PP zuwa dama a cikin haɗin gwiwar yanki ta hanyar neman cewa ’yan Spain su sami fifiko kan mutanen da aka haifa a ƙasashen waje game da gidaje da ayyukan jama’a. Moreno yana da kwarin gwiwa game da rinjayensa har ya yi watsi da manufar Vox da ake kira “fifikon ƙasa” a matsayin “take-take mara ma’ana.”
Dukansu Moreno da shugaban PP na ƙasa, Alberto Núñez Feijóo, suna son yin amfani da zaɓen ranar Lahadi don haɓaka jam’iyyar a duk faɗin ƙasar ta hanyar cin gajiyar badakalar da ke tattare da gwamnatin ƙasa.
Moreno ya kira abokin hamayyarsa na PSOE, tsohuwar ministar ƙasa da mataimakiyar firaminista María Jesús Montero, “uwargidan da ta wuce” kuma ya jaddada buƙatar “binne munanan siyasa da barin abubuwan da suka gabata don gina gaba.” Feijóo ya fi tsauri, yana cewa masu jefa ƙuri’a na Andalusia dole ne su “zaɓi tsakanin makircin da Sánchez ke jagoranta kuma Montero ke kula da shi, da [na Moreno] babban tawaga.”
Abubuwan da suka faru kwanan nan sun ƙara matsa lamba kan Socialists. A farkon wannan mako, an soki Montero sosai saboda kiran mutuwar jami’an Guardia Civil guda biyu—waɗanda suka mutu yayin da suke bin masu safarar miyagun ƙwayoyi a gabar tekun Andalusia—a matsayin “haɗari a wurin aiki.” Daga baya ta gyara kanta, tana cewa mutuwar ta faru ne “a cikin aikin aiki.”
Moreno shima ya fuskanci suka. Tare da kashi 42.2% na masu jefa ƙuri’a na Andalusia suna kiran kiwon lafiya a matsayin babbar matsalar yankin, yadda ya tafiyar da badakalar binciken cutar kansa ya sake komawa cikin hankali yayin yaƙin neman zaɓe.
A ƙarshen shekarar da ta gabata, gwamnatin yankin ta yarda cewa fiye da mata 2,300 ba a gaya musu game da sakamakon mammogram ɗin su da ba a tabbatar ba ba, wanda hakan ya sa suka rasa gwaje-gwaje da magunguna na gaba. Jinkirin gano cutar ya haifar da fushi da zanga-zanga, wanda ya kai ga murabus din ministan lafiya na yankin.
Moreno ya dage a wannan makon cewa babu wanda ya mutu saboda gazawar gudanarwa—da’awar da masu fafutuka suka yi jayayya.
Ángela Claverol, shugabar ƙungiyar tallafawa cutar kansa ta nono Amama Sevilla, ta ce aƙalla mata shida sun mutu saboda ba a sanar da sakamakon binciken ba.
Ta ce badakalar cutar kansa… Wannan alama ce ta babban rikici a ayyukan kiwon lafiya na Andalusia, wanda ita da wasu da yawa ke zargin Moreno da mayar da tsarin kiwon lafiya na jama’a zuwa na sirri. A ƙarƙashin tsarin mulkin Spain na raba mulki, yankunan da ke mulkin kansu ne ke da alhakin kiwon lafiya.
“Yana da muni; akwai jinkiri har zuwa watanni uku don tiyatar cutar kansa,” in ji ta. “Akwai jinkiri ga CT scans, MRIs, alƙawura da likitocin ciwon daji, radiotherapy, da sauransu. Jinkirin yana da muni ga ilimin ciwon daji, amma har ma ga mutane na yau da kullun, idan na nemi alƙawari da likitana na gida a cibiyar lafiya, ba za su ba ni ba har kwana 21.”
Claverol ta ce tsarin kiwon lafiya na jama’a ya rushe saboda gwamnatin yankin tana ƙara amfani da masu ba da sabis na sirri.
“Maimakon sake saka wannan kuɗin a cikin ɓangaren jama’a—hayar mutane, likitoci, ƙwararru, da ma’aikatan gudanarwa—sun karkatar da shi zuwa ɓangaren sirri,” in ji ta.
Moreno, duk da haka, ya ce gwamnatinsa ta sabunta da haɓaka asibitoci da kayan aiki, da kuma ƙara ƙarfin aiki “domin a ga marasa lafiya da yawa kuma a rage lokutan jira, wanda zai motsa mu zuwa tsarin kiwon lafiya mafi kusa, mafi sauri, kuma mai ƙarfi.”
Gidaje wani babban abin damuwa ne ga masu jefa ƙuri’a a Andalusia, kamar yadda yake a sauran wurare a Spain. Yayin da biranen kamar Seville, Málaga, da Córdoba ke fama da yawan yawon buɗe ido—ciki har da hauhawar haya da ƙarancin wuraren zama—ƙungiyoyin gida suna roƙon gwamnatin yankin da ta mai da hankali kan mazauna maimakon masu yawon buɗe ido.
Juan Carlos Benítez, memba na Albayzín Habitable, ƙungiyar mazauna da aka kafa shekaru biyu da suka gabata don mayar da martani ga canje-canje masu ban mamaki a unguwar Albaicín mai kyau ta Granada, ya ce gwamnatin Moreno ta zabi “dabarun yawon buɗe ido mai yawa fiye da yawon buɗe ido mai inganci.”
Benítez ya ce Granada ita ce birni na ƙarshe a Andalusia da ya fada cikin tunanin gajeren lokaci wanda ke ba da fifiko ga saurin ci gaban tattalin arziki ta hanyar yawon buɗe ido fiye da ci gaba mai dorewa. Ya ce watannin da suka gabata sun kasance “masu muni” ga unguwar, inda cibiyar lafiya ta gida ta rufe kuma an sayar da gine-gine masu mahimmanci na gida don sake ginawa.
“Zai zama cibiyar irin ta Disneyland inda babu mutane na gaske da ke zaune, kuma wacce ke samar da kuɗi kawai ga masu gidajen abinci da shaguna, amma ba ta amfanar da al’umma gabaɗaya ba,” in ji Benítez.
Pablo Simón, masanin kimiyyar siyasa a Jami’ar Carlos III ta Madrid, ya ce sakamakon zaɓen ranar Lahadi zai ji daɗi fiye da Andalusia yayin da Spain ke shirin babban zaɓe. Binciken jin ra’ayi ya nuna cewa PP za ta sake zuwa na farko a shekara mai zuwa, amma za ta buƙaci goyon bayan Vox don yin mulki.
“Idan Moreno Bonilla ya ci gaba da cikakken rinjayensa kuma Vox ta kasa samun tasiri wajen kafa gwamnati, hakan zai tabbatar da ra’ayin cewa Vox yanzu ta tsaya cak kuma PP tana samun ƙarin gaba,” in ji Simón.
Ya ce duk da yin aiki mai kyau a zaɓen yanki na baya-bayan nan a Aragón, Extremadura, da Castilla y León, akwai jin cewa Vox tana tsayawa saboda rashin jituwa na cikin gida, kuma damarta ta kai kashi 20% na kuri’un da ake so na iya raguwa.
“Jam’iyya ce da ta tsaya tsayin daka a kusan kashi 13-14%,” in ji Simón. “Wannan yana nufin a ƙasa tana kusan kashi 17%. Wannan sakamako ne mai kyau sosai. Amma tunda sun sa ido kan kashi 20%, hakan ya ci musu tsiya.” Duk da haka, ya ƙara da cewa duk wata badakala da ta shafi yankunan da PP ke jagoranta—kamar yadda masu ra’ayin mazan jiya suka yi rashin kulawa game da ambaliyar ruwa mai mutuwa a Valencia a 2024—na iya canza al’amura ga Vox.
Simón ya kuma ce ’yan Socialist ya kamata su shirya don sakamako “mai muni” a ranar Lahadi.
“Binciken jin ra’ayi na ƙarshe da na gani ya ba su kujeru 27, don haka uku kaɗan,” in ji shi. “Muna magana ne game da tazarar fiye da maki 20 tsakanin jam’iyya ta farko da ta biyu.” Yana da muni sosai.
**Tambayoyi da Amsoshi da Aka Yi Yawan Yi**
Ga jerin tambayoyin da aka yi yawan yi game da zaɓen Andalusia da muhimmancinsa ga Spain, an rubuta su cikin yanayi na halitta tare da amsoshi bayyanannu.
**Tambayoyi na Matakin Farko**
1. **Menene muhimmancin wannan zaɓe a Andalusia?**
Andalusia ita ce yanki mafi yawan jama’a a Spain. Tsawon shekaru da yawa, ya kasance sansanin jam’iyyar Socialist. Ana kallon wannan zaɓe a matsayin gwaji na ko jam’iyyar Conservative People’s Party (PP) za ta iya riƙe mulki a can, da kuma ko jam’iyyar Vox mai ra’ayin mazan jiya za ta sami tasiri. Saboda Andalusia tana da girma, sakamakonta yakan yi hasashen abin da zai faru a zaɓen ƙasa.
2. **Me yasa ake kallon wannan zaɓe a matsayin alamar canjin siyasa mai faɗi?**
Idan jam’iyyun dama suka ci nasara ko suka ƙarfafa matsayinsu a Andalusia, yana nuna cewa masu jefa ƙuri’a na Spain suna nesa da hagu. Wannan na iya nufin cewa gwamnatin ƙasa za ta iya rasa babban zaɓe na gaba. Yana kama da ma’aunin yanayin siyasar ƙasar gabaɗaya.
3. **Su wane ne manyan jam’iyyun da ke takara?**
Manyan su ne:
- **PSOE:** Jam’iyyar hagu ta gargajiya wadda ta yi mulkin Andalusia tsawon shekaru 37.
- **PP:** Babbar jam’iyyar masu ra’ayin mazan jiya, wadda a halin yanzu ke jagorantar gwamnatin yankin.
- **Vox:** Jam’iyyar masu ra’ayin mazan jiya wadda ta shiga gwamnati a karon farko a 2022 a matsayin ƙaramar abokiyar PP.
- **Sumar:** Sabuwar ƙawancen hagu da aka kafa don haɗa kananan jam’iyyu.
- **Por Andalucía:** Ƙawancen masu kare muhalli da masu hagu.
4. **Menene Vox kuma me yasa mutane ke magana akai sosai?**
Vox jam’iyya ce mai ra’ayin mazan jiya wadda ke adawa da shige da fice, adawa da mata, kuma mai kishin ƙasa sosai. An taɓa ɗaukarta a matsayin mai wuce gona da iri, amma ta zama wani ɓangare na gwamnatin Andalusia a 2022. Kasancewarta a wannan zaɓe babban abu ne saboda yana nuna yadda ra’ayoyin masu mazan jiya ke zama na yau da kullun a siyasar Spain.
**Tambayoyi na Matakin Ci Gaba**
5. **Yaya zaɓen Andalusia yake da alaƙa da gwamnatin ƙasa a Madrid?**
Firaministan Spain Pedro Sánchez yana da gwamnatin haɗin gwiwa mai rauni. Idan PP ta yi nasara sosai a Andalusia, zai matsa wa Sánchez ya kira zaɓen ƙasa da wuri. Hakanan yana ba PP ƙarfi da labari cewa canji yana zuwa. Akasin haka, idan hagu ta riƙe, zai ƙarfafa Sánchez.
