Lauyoyin Faransa da kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam sun bayar da rahoton cewa matasa da dama sun sami munanan raunuka irin na yaki daga makaman ‘yan sanda a lokacin zanga-zangar makaranta, kuma an kama yara da ba a taba ganin irinsa ba a hannun ‘yan sanda, inda wasu ke zargin an buge su ko kuma an zage su da kabilanci.
Faransa yanzu tana cikin mako na hudu na zanga-zangar matasa mafi girma cikin shekaru da dama. An rufe daruruwan manyan makarantu a fadin kasar yayin da dalibai ke neman maye gurbin malaman da ba su nan da kuma gyara gine-ginen da suka ruguje.
Ministan cikin gida Laurent Nuñez ya shaida wa Majalisar Dattawa cewa ‘yan sanda sun bude bincike na cikin gida kan zarge-zarge 36 na cin zarafin jami’ai kan masu zanga-zangar. Wadannan sun hada da yara hudu da ake zargin an “yanke musu sassan jiki” da makaman fashewa, shida da suka sami “mummunan raunuka,” da sauran korafe-korafe da suka shafi duka, zagi, ko zargin cin zarafi.
Evan, dalibin kafinta mai shekaru 15 a wata makarantar fasaha, ya rasa hannu daya lokacin da gurnet din ‘yan sanda ya fashe a wajen wata zanga-zangar makaranta a Lens, arewacin Faransa, a ranar 5 ga Oktoba. Lauyansa, Bertrand Wattez, ya ce: “Raunukan da ya samu sun yi kama da raunukan yaki.”
Wattez ya ce Evan ya tafi makaranta ne don karatu sai ya tarar da zanga-zanga. Ya ce Evan ba shi da hannu cikin tashin hankali kuma ya musanta ikirarin mai gabatar da kara na jihar Béthune cewa an dauko gurnet din daga kasa. Lokacin da ya fashe, Evan ya rasa hannunsa na hagu da yatsu da dama a hannunsa na dama, kuma ya sami raunuka a wasu sassan jikinsa. Wattez ya ce Evan na kwance a asibiti “cikin wani yanayi mai matukar wahala,” kuma iyalinsa sun shigar da kara na laifi.
Wani yaro, Eden, mai shekaru 14, wanda ya kasance kusa da wata zanga-zangar makaranta a Saint-Ouen-l’Aumône, arewa maso yammacin Paris, ya sami raunuka masu yawa a fuska, ciki har da karaya biyu a muƙamuƙi, rasa hakoran kasa, da duk hakoransa na sama sun karye bayan da ake zargin an buge shi da harbi daga bindigar gurnet.
Lauyanta, Elsa Marcel, ta ce an harba bindigar gurnet din ne daga kusa, daga nisan mita 1.5. “Wannan ya yi daidai da makaman yaki,” in ji ta. Iyalin sun shigar da kara na shari’a kan yunkurin kisan kai.
Iyayen Eden sun ce ya tafi makaranta amma ya tarar an rufe ta kuma yana so ya koma gida. Hoton bidiyo ya nuna yana fuskantar jami’an ‘yan sanda uku. Wani jami’i ya yi masa sandar duka, sannan Eden ya yi shura ya nufi wajen ‘yan sandan kafin a harba gurnet. An dakatar da wani jami’i kuma an sanya shi karkashin bincike na hukuma.
Duba hoto a cikakken alloMasu zanga-zangar suna halartar wata zanga-zanga a Paris. Hoto: Firas Abdullah/EPA
A wannan makon, wani jami’in ‘yan sanda a birnin Tours da ke yammacin kasar an tuhume shi da laifin duka mai tsanani bayan Maël, wani matashi mai shekaru 16 a wata makarantar fasaha, da ake zargin ya rasa amfani da idonsa sakamakon harbi daga wata irin bindigar harba roba. Jami’in ya musanta tuhumar. Lauyan iyalin ya ce Maël ba shi da hannu cikin wata arangama ta tashin hankali da ‘yan sanda amma kawai ya halarci wata zanga-zangar makaranta, kuma iyalin suna jin wani irin “rashin adalci.”
Shekaru da dama, Faransa na fuskantar suka kan amfani da makaman fashewa daga ‘yan sanda, musamman bayan an sami rahoton munanan raunuka a lokacin zanga-zangar gilets jaunes (rigar rawaya) ta 2018-2019, ciki har da zarge-zargen cewa mutane sun rasa idanu kuma an yanke musu hannu da ƙafa.
Yunkurin zanga-zangar na yanzu ya kuma sa lauyoyi su nuna damuwa cewa an kama yara da ba a taba ganin irinsa ba kuma an sanya su a hannun ‘yan sanda, inda wasu lauyoyi suka bayar da rahoton cewa matasa sun ce an buge su, an wulakanta su, ko kuma an zage su a lokacin kamawa.
Tun lokacin da zanga-zangar makaranta ta fara a tsakiyar watan Satumba, jimillar yara ‘yan kasa da shekaru 18 6,773 ne aka sanya a hannun ‘yan sanda bayan kamawa, in ji ma’aikatar shari’a. Fiye da 1,000 daga cikin wadannan yara, ba a tuhume su da komai ba; 2,190 na fuskantar matakin shari’a, kuma kusan 2,000 an ba su wani madadin matakin shari’a, kamar kwas na zama dan kasa, ba tare da an saurari kararsu a shari’a ba.Lauyoyi sun ce tuhume-tuhumen da ake yi wa yara sun hada da haduwa da nufin yin tashin hankali, tashin hankali kan ‘yan sanda, da lalata dukiya. Nathalie Tehio, lauya kuma shugabar Kungiyar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Faransa, ta ce wasu tsiraru ne kawai daga cikin kararrakin yara za su je gaban alkali, wanda ke nuna damuwa cewa kamun na iya zama mara tushe. Ta ce: “Akwai adadin kamun da ba a taba ganin irinsa ba … Sau da yawa, fayilolin shari’a ba su da komai. A gaskiya, wannan ya fi mayar da hankali kan hana mutane yin zanga-zanga. Ina ganin akwai wani ji na bugawa da karfi don kokarin hana mutane gwiwa da tsoratar da su.” Tehio ta ce: “Mun sami rahotannin kalaman wariyar launin fata. Lauyoyi sun gaya mana cewa abokan cinikinsu sun ce an wulakanta su ko an yi musu mugun hali ko an tura su.” Romain Boulet, mataimakin shugaban Kungiyar Lauyoyin Laifuffuka ta Faransa, ya ce: “Lauyoyin laifuffuka suna cikin damuwa kuma suna nuna damuwa kan yiwuwar amfani da ikon ‘yan sanda ba daidai ba don hana ‘yan kasa ‘yan kasa da shekaru 18 yin zanga-zanga.” Mohamed Jaite, shugaban reshen Paris na kungiyar kwadago ta hagu Syndicat des Avocats de France, ya wakilci matasa da dama da aka tsayar a Paris da kewayenta. “Na ga wani matashi yana rame a ofishin ‘yan sanda,” in ji shi. “Wasu sun bayar da rahoton cewa an wulakanta su ko kuma an zage su da kabilanci da jinsi.”
Prisca Ancion, lauya daga kungiyar lauyoyin hagu Collectif d’Action Judiciaire, wadda ta yi zanga-zanga a wannan makon a gaban wata makaranta a Saint-Denis, a arewacin kewayen Paris, ta ce: “An yi zage-zage na wariyar launin fata a lokacin kamawa, da kuma kalaman nuna kyama ga masu luwadi, na nuna wariyar jinsi ko taba jiki. Muna karfafa wa iyalai gwiwa su shigar da kara.” Wata lauya daga kungiyar, Romane Bartoli, wadda ta taimaka wa matasa da dama bayan kamun su, ta ce: “Matasa sun gaya mana cewa an mare su, an harba su ko an yi musu naushi.”
Wani matashi mai shekaru 16 daga wata makaranta a wani yanki na arewacin Paris ya bayyana yadda aka kama shi a nisan mita 100 daga makarantarsa a ranar da aka yi shingen hanya a karshen watan Satumba. Yana shirin karanta likitanci a jami’a kuma ya ce ya yi niyyar zuwa aji kafin ya ga akwai zanga-zanga. Da yake amsa tambayoyin Guardian tare da lauyansa, ya ce an tsare shi a hannun ‘yan sanda fiye da sa’o’i 12, galibi tare da wasu biyu a cikin wani dakin ‘yan sanda mai katifa biyu. “Ya kasance da wahala a tunani saboda ina jin ban yi wani abu ba daidai ba,” in ji shi. “An buge ni da sanda kuma an yi min naushi.” Ya ce wani jami’in ‘yan sanda ya ce masa ya “rufe bakinsa” kuma ya ce: “Kullum ku ne,” wanda ya fahimta a matsayin zagin wariyar launin fata. An sake shi bayan wani mai gabatar da kara na jiha ya umarce shi da ya yi kwas na zama dan kasa a madadin fuskantar matakin shari’a.
Ma’aikatar shari’a da ma’aikatar cikin gida, wadda ke kula da aikin ‘yan sanda, ba su ce komai ba kan zarge-zargen zagi ko tashin hankali a hannun ‘yan sanda. A majalisa, Nuñez ya musanta duk wani nau’i na wuce gona da iri ko danniya daga ‘yan sanda. Ya dakatar da amfani da gurnet a zanga-zangar makaranta. Audrey Bailleul, alkali kuma wakiliyar kasa ta Union Syndicale des Magistrats, ta ce yana da wuya a sami cikakken hangen nesa kan abubuwan da suka faru a wannan mataki. Ta ce: “Babu wani abu da zai nuna cewa da gangan an yi wata babbar niyya ta rashin bin ka’idojin [shari’a].”
Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi
FAQs Zarge-zargen Raunukan Irin Na Yaki ga Matasa a Lokacin Zanga-zangar Makaranta ta Faransa
Tambayoyi na Farko
1 Menene wannan takaddama game da ita
An zargi ‘yan sandan Faransa da yin amfani da karfi fiye da kima—kamar harsashin roba da bindigogin flashball—kan matasan masu zanga-zanga a zanga-zangar makaranta wanda ya haifar da munanan raunuka
2 Yaushe ne wadannan zanga-zangar suka faru
Yawancin zarge-zargen sun fito ne daga zanga-zangar ‘yan shekarun nan musamman zanga-zangar sake fasalin fansho ta 2023 da kuma zanga-zangar dalibai na baya kan sake fasalin makaranta
3 Su wa ne ke yin wadannan zarge-zargen
Dalibai iyaye malamai kungiyoyin kwadago kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam da ‘yan jarida ne suka nuna damuwa
4 Wadanne irin raunuka ake bayar da rahoto kansu
Rahotanni sun hada da raunukan kai raunukan ido karyewar kasusuwa da kuma a wasu lokuta lalacewa ta dindindin—wanda aka kwatanta da raunukan yaki
5 Wadanne makamai ake zargin ‘yan sanda suna amfani da su
Galibi harsashin roba bindigogin flashball hayaki mai sa hawaye da dukan sanda
6 An tabbatar da wadannan raunuka
Asibitoci lauyoyi da kungiyoyin kare hakki sun rubuta raunuka da dama ko da yake ‘yan sanda na musanta wasu ikirari
Tambayoyi na Ci Gaba
7 Menene bindigar flashball
Makami da ke harba manyan roba. An yi shi ne don shawo kan tarzoma amma yana iya haifar da mummunan rauni idan an nuna shi kan kai ko an harba shi daga kusa
8 Me ya sa matasa musamman ake shafa
Zanga-zangar makaranta sau da yawa tana shafar yara kanana kuma masu suka suna cewa dabarun ‘yan sanda da aka tsara don taron mutane masu tashin hankali ana amfani da su kan matasa galibi dalibai masu zaman lafiya
9 Me dokokin Faransa suka ce game da amfani da karfi daga ‘yan sanda
Dokar Faransa ta yarda da karfi ne kawai idan ya zama dole sosai kuma daidai gwargwado Masu suka suna jayayya cewa ana keta wannan ma’auni sau da yawa
10 Shin ‘yan sanda sun fuskanci sakamako
Ba kasafai ba Ana bude bincike amma ba kasafai ake yanke wa jami’ai hukunci kan raunukan zanga-zanga ba
11 Me kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam suka ce
Kungiyoyi kamar Amnesty International da Human Rights Watch sun soki Faransa kan yin amfani da karfi fiye da kima kuma sun yi kira da a sami sa ido mai zaman kansa
12 Me kungiyoyin ‘yan sanda suka ce
Suna jayayya cewa jami’ai na fuskantar masu tayar da hankali masu tashin hankali kuma karfin da ake amfani da shi ya dace don kare lafiyar jama’a
13 Yaya yawan wadannan raunuka
An rubuta da yawa daga cikin munanan kararraki ko da yake ana jayayya kan ainihin adadin
14 Wadanne matakai masu amfani dalibai da suka ji rauni za su iya dauka
Neman kulawar likita rubuta raunuka da hotuna da shaidu sannan a tuntubi lauya ko kungiyar kare hakki don shigar da kara
