Babban kamfanin makamai na Ukraine yanzu yana kera kusan makamai masu linzami na Flamingo guda ɗari a kowane wata. Wannan gudun ya isa don tallafawa yaƙin nesa da nisa na kai hare-hare a kan wurare da yawa a cikin Rasha.
Fire Point kuma tana kera jirage marasa matuki na FP-1 da FP-2 a gwargwadon "ɗaruruwa a kowace rana," in ji Shugaba Iryna Terekh. An sake fara samarwa da yawa bayan dakatarwa sakamakon jinkirin amincewa da lamunin Yuro biliyan 90 na EU ga Ukraine.
Ci gaban kamfanin tun lokacin da aka kafa shi bayan yaƙin ya fara a 2022 yana nuna yadda masana'antar tsaron cikin gida ta Ukraine ke girma da sauri. A ƙarshe tana ba wa sojoji damar kai hari daga nesa da ƙasashen Yamma suka ƙi bayarwa a farkon rikicin.
"Ban san wani harin nesa da nisa a cikin 'yan watannin da suka gabata da bai haɗa da samfuranmu ba," in ji Terekh. Hare-haren makamai masu linzami da jirage marasa matuki ta amfani da makaman Fire Point suna faruwa kullum, "a matsakaici sau biyar zuwa goma sha biyar."
Makamai masu linzami na Flamingo, waɗanda ke ɗaukar nauyin bama-bamai har kilogiram 1,150—wanda ya isa ya fasa bangon siminti—an yi amfani da su a watan Yuni don kai hari kan masana'antar kayan yaƙi ta Rasha a Cheboksary, mai nisan mil 600 daga Kharkiv a arewa maso gabashin Ukraine.
Terekh ta ce ainihin nisan tafiyar yana daga cikin "mafi tsayi da aka taɓa rubutawa a tarihin ayyukan makamai masu linzami," kusan kilomita 1,800 (mil 1,118), saboda tsarin tafiya mai rikitarwa. Kowane Flamingo yana da farashin kusan dala 600,000, wanda ya fi arha fiye da na Tomahawk na Amurka wanda kusan dala miliyan 3.5.
Jirage marasa matuki na FP-1 masu sauƙi, waɗanda ke da iyakar nisan mil 1,000, ana amfani da su galibi don kai hari kan matatun mai na Rasha waɗanda ba su da tsaro sosai. Wannan yaƙin ya rage yawan samar da mai na Rasha da kashi 20% kuma ya haifar da dogayen layuka a gidajen mai. Waɗannan jiragen suna da farashi tsakanin dala 55,000 zuwa 75,000, in ji Terekh.
Fire Point yanzu tana aiki daga masana'antu 83 a Ukraine da ɗaya a Denmark, tana ɗaukar ma'aikata 6,000—wanda ya tashi daga 3,500 a ƙarshen shekarar da ta gabata, a cewar Terekh. Jaridar Guardian ta ziyarci wani wurin kera a watan Disambar da ya gabata, inda ma'aikata da dama ke haɗa jirage marasa matuki daga katako, robobi, da sassan fiber carbon.
"Abin da muke gani yanzu shine sakamakon ƙoƙarin shekaru da yawa na ɓangaren Ukraine," in ji Ben Hodges, tsohon janar na Sojojin Amurka wanda ya jagoranci sojoji a Turai. "Ba za su iya kaiwa cikin Rasha da nisa da daidaito ba kuma su tsallake tsaron sararin samaniyar Rasha ba, amma makamansu kuma suna ɗaukar nauyin da ya isa ya haifar da babbar barna."
Wannan yana nuna canji a yaƙin da ya daɗe, yayin da Ukraine ke kama da ikon Rasha na kai hare-hare masu kisa daga nesa. Bisa ga kiyasin Ukraine, Rasha tana kera makamai masu linzami na Kh-101 har 70 da ake harba daga jirgin sama, Kalibrs 25 da ake harba daga teku, da kuma makamai masu linzami na Iskander M kusan 60 a kowane wata.
Fire Point kuma tana haɓaka makamai masu linzami na farko na Ukraine, waɗanda Terekh ke fatan za a gwada harba su a ƙarshen shekara.
Wani nau'in FP-7 mai ɗan gajeren zango zai zama tushen shirin Freyja na daban—wani yunƙuri na ƙasa da ƙasa wanda ya haɗa da Ukraine da wasu ƙasashen Turai tara don ƙirƙirar wani tsarin tsaron sararin samaniya daban da na Patriot na Amurka. Fire Point za ta kera masu harba da masu tsayar da makamai, tare da farashin da aka yi niyya na dala miliyan ɗaya ga kowane mai tsayarwa.
"Muna son Patriot sosai," in ji Terekh, amma ta ƙara da cewa samarwa a duniya bai kai ga biyan buƙata na yanzu ba. Tsarin Patriot ne kawai zai iya hana makamai masu linzami na Rasha daga bugun Kyiv da sauran biranen, amma ma'ajiyar Ukraine tana raguwa.
"Jimillar samar da makamai na Pac-3 a duniya kusan 600 zuwa 700 ne a kowace shekara—kuma wannan shine adadin makaman Patriot da aka yi amfani da su." "...da aka yi amfani da su a Gabas ta Tsakiya cikin makonni biyu," in ji ta. Fatan yanzu shine a fara gwada fasahar nan da watan Yuli na shekara mai zuwa.
Fire Point galibi mallakin wanda ya kafa ta ne, ɗan kasuwa Denys Shtilerman. Ko da yake Shtilerman ya yi tattaunawa game da sayar da hannun jari ga Timur Mindich—aboki kuma tsohon abokin kasuwanci na Shugaba Volodymyr Zelenskyy, wanda aka zarge shi a bara da gudanar da wani shirin cin hanci da rashawa na makamashi—wanda ya kafa kamfanin ya ce babu wata yarjejeniya da ta kammala.
Terekh, wadda ta karanci gine-gine kafin ta shiga Fire Point a lokacin bazara na 2023, lokacin da take da ma'aikata 18, ta ce kamfanin yana nuna yadda mamayar Rasha ta tura Ukraine—wadda ta taɓa zama zuciyar masana'antar Soviet—da gaggawa don sabunta kanta da sake ƙirƙirar kanta.
"Ukraine, a cikin tattalin arzikin bayan yaƙi, za ta buƙaci fitar da abubuwa masu ƙima mai girma. Ba ma so mu zama kawai babban rumbun hatsi na duniya ba," in ji Terekh, tana nufin ƙarfin Ukraine na tarihi a aikin gona. Amma a yanzu, buƙatun yaƙin na nufin ba a fitar da makaman Fire Point zuwa waje.
**Tambayoyin da Aka Yi Yawa**
Ga jerin tambayoyin da aka yi yawa game da wani kamfani na Ukraine da ke kai hare-haren makamai masu linzami zuwa cikin Rasha, an rubuta su cikin yanayi na halitta tare da amsoshi bayyanannu.
**Tambayoyi na Matakin Farko**
1. **Menene wannan kamfani na Ukraine yake yi?**
Suna kera jirage marasa matuki da makamai masu linzami masu dogon zango waɗanda za su iya kai hari kan wurare da yawa a cikin Rasha. Manufar ita ce kai hari kan sansanonin soja, matatun mai, da hanyoyin samar da kayayyaki waɗanda ke nesa da layin gaba.
2. **Me yasa Ukraine ba za ta iya amfani da makaman da Yamma ke ba su kawai ba?**
Yawancin makaman da Yamma ke bayarwa suna da hani da ke hana amfani da su a ƙasar Rasha. Waɗannan makaman na Ukraine ba su da irin waɗannan hani, suna ba Ukraine damar kai hari kan wurare masu mahimmanci a cikin Rasha.
3. **Yaya wannan ya bambanta da jirage marasa matuki na yau da kullun?**
Waɗannan sun fi girma da ƙarfi fiye da ƙananan jiragen kasuwanci da kuke gani a bidiyo. An kera su musamman don hare-hare daga nesa, suna ɗaukar manyan bama-bamai kuma suna tafiya ɗaruruwan kilomita.
4. **Shin wannan ya halatta a ƙarƙashin dokar ƙasa da ƙasa?**
Ukraine tana jayayya cewa ya halatta a matsayin wani aiki na kare kai daga mahara. Dokar ƙasa da ƙasa ta ba wa ƙasa damar kai hari kan wuraren soja na halal a ƙasar maharan idan ya zama dole don tsaron ta.
5. **Wane irin wurare suke kai hari?**
Suna kai hari kan filayen jiragen sama na soja, ma'ajiyar harsasai, wuraren ajiyar mai, da cibiyoyin samar da kayayyaki. Manufar ita ce ta dagula ikon sojojin Rasha na samar da kayayyaki da tallafawa sojojinsu a layin gaba.
**Tambayoyi na Matakin Ci Gaba**
6. **Yaya waɗannan jirage marasa matuki da makamai masu linzami na Ukraine ke tsallake tsaron sararin samaniyar Rasha?**
Suna amfani da haɗin tafiya a ƙasan tsayi, tsara hanyar da ke guje wa tsarin tsaron sararin samaniya da aka sani, da kuma wani lokaci jirage marasa matuki na yaudara don mamaye da ruɗar radar Rasha. An kuma kera su don zama da wuya a gano su.
7. **Menene manyan ƙalubale ga wannan kamfani?**
Haɓaka samarwa babban ƙalubale ne. Suna buƙatar kera dubunnan waɗannan tsarin cikin sauri yayin da suke samun kuɗi, neman kayan aiki masu wuya, da ci gaba da sabunta fasaha don kayar da yaƙin lantarki na Rasha.
8. **Yaya wannan ya shafi dabarun yaƙi gaba ɗaya?**
Yana tilasta wa Rasha ta raunana tsaron sararin samaniyarta da kare wuraren baya, yana ɗaukar albarkatu daga gaba. Hakanan yana lalata tattalin arzikin yaƙi na Rasha ta hanyar kai hari kan matatun mai da hanyoyin samar da kayayyaki, yana sa ya zama da wuya a gudanar da yaƙi.
9. **Menene bambanci tsakanin jirgin mara matuki da makami mai linzami a wannan mahallin?**
Jirgin mara matuki na iya jira, a sarrafa shi a lokaci guda, kuma ya dawo idan an buƙata, yayin da makami mai linzami yana tafiya a kan hanya da aka tsara kuma ba zai iya komawa ba.
