Suzy Bernard ta ja numfashi mai zurfi sannan ta yi tsalle cikin zurfin ruwan tafkin kauyen su da ƙarfi.
"Akwai jin daɗin kwanciyar hankali a cikin ruwa," in ji tsohuwar ma'aikaciyar kula da lafiya ta asibiti, wadda kwanan nan ta koyi yin iyo tana da shekara 75 kuma yanzu tana shawagi tare da 'yarta da jikanta.
Tafkin na birni, wanda itatuwan oak suka yi masa inuwa a ƙauyen Châteauneuf-sur-Sarthe a yammacin Faransa, ya zama wurin da dangin Bernard ke fakewa daga zafin rana mai tsanani a wannan bazara. Bernard na cikin ƙungiyar gida mai suna Touche Pas à Ma Piscine (Kada Ka Taɓa Tafkina), wadda ke gwagwarmaya don kiyaye tafkin a buɗe da kuma neman ƙarin tallafin gwamnati ga tafkunan karkara. "Za mu yi yaƙi don tabbatar da cewa wannan tafkin ya rayu kuma ya kasance a buɗe," in ji ta.
Yayin da wani bazara mai yawan zafin rana ya bushe yawancin ƙasar Faransa, tafkunan kauyuka masu arha sau da yawa sun kasance kawai hanyar samun sassauci daga zafi ga iyalai masu karamin karfi a karkara—waɗanda ba su da ikon yin hutu ko kuma suna zaune a gidajen da ke riƙe zafi. Waɗannan tafkunan ma suna da muhimmanci don koyar da al'ummomin karkara yadda ake iyo. Tsakanin 1 ga Mayu zuwa 15 ga Yuli a wannan shekara, mutane 274 ne suka mutu sakamakon nutsewa a Faransa, inda yawancin mutuwar ke faruwa lokacin da mutane suka yi tsalle cikin koguna da magudanan ruwa don sanyaya jiki.
Amma tsofaffin tafkunan karkara na Faransa, waɗanda da yawa aka gina a shekarun 1970, suna cikin matsala. Hakimai na kauyuka masu ƙarancin kasafin kuɗi suna kokawa don biyan kuɗaɗen gudanarwa masu yawa, kuma wasu tafkuna ana tilasta musu rufewa saboda rashin kuɗi.
A Châteauneuf-sur-Sarthe, ƙauyen da ke da mutane 3,200 a Les Hauts-d'Anjou, yankin noma a Pays de la Loire, sabuwar hakima, Véronique Langlais, ta ce ta ƙudura don kiyaye tafkin ƙauyen a buɗe. An fara buɗe shi a 1973 kuma yana kashe akalla €100,000 (£85,000) a shekara daga kasafin kuɗin gidan gwamnati. Wasu tafkuna uku na karkara a yankin da ke kewaye sun riga sun rufe, wanda ya sa wannan ya zama tafkin kaɗai a cikin kusan mil 20.
"Wannan tafkin wata dukiya ce da za mu kare," in ji Langlais. Amma duk wata buƙatar kwatsam ta sabon sashi mai tsada ko babban gyara na iya tilasta rufe tafkin saboda rashin kuɗi. "Akwai takobin Damocles da ke rataye a kan mu."
A 1969, bayan rashin kyawawan sakamakon iyo na Faransa a gasar Olympics ta Mexico City a 1968 da kuma jerin munanan nutsewa a faɗin ƙasar, gwamnatin Georges Pompidou ta ƙaddamar da shirin gina tafkuna 1,000, musamman a yankunan karkara, don ƙarfafa yin iyo. An gina fiye da 600, amma waɗanda har yanzu ake amfani da su—tare da tafkunan shekarun 1980—suna buƙatar gyare-gyare mai tsada cikin gaggawa.
François Gernigon, ɗan majalisa na tsakiya-dama na Maine-et-Loire, ya kai ƙara ga gwamnati don shirin tallafin kuɗi. Kwanan nan ya yi bincike a tsakanin hakiman karkara kuma ya gano cewa fiye da 75% suna tsoron cewa tafkunansu na karkara na iya rufewa cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci. Ya ce zafin rana ya sa ya zama muhimmi don kare tafkuna a matsayin "kawai wurin shakatawa don annashuwa a yankunan karkara." Ya kara da cewa rufe tafkuna "yana sa mazauna su ji an watsar da su."
Emma-Özlem Kaya, mai shekara 45, mai buga hotuna ce wadda mahaifinta ɗan Turkiyya ya ƙaura zuwa Châteauneuf-sur-Sarthe a 1972 lokacin da masana'antar fata ta gida ta ɗauki ma'aikatan fata daga Istanbul. "Ba mu yin hutu domin iyayena ba su da kuɗi," in ji ta. "Don haka kowace rana a lokacin rani, na ɗauki jakar iyona..."Muna ɗaukar jakunkunanmu mu tafi tafkin tare da ƴan'uwana da abokaina, kuma muna kwana a can duk rana tare da shimfiɗa tawul ɗinmu. Yanzu tana zuwa darasin motsa jiki na ruwa a can kuma tana aiki don kare tafkin.
Duba hoto cikin cikakken allo
Tafkin Hauts-d'Anjou na waje
Nadine Lemonnier, malamar gida wadda ita ma na cikin ƙungiyar, ta tuna kwanakin bazara daga ƙuruciyarta a wani tafkin ƙauye da ke kusa: "kwanaki duka ana shawagi don neman abubuwa da kuma yin tattaunawa mai zurfi na matasa a gefen ruwa." A gare ta, kiyaye tafkunan karkara a buɗe yana da muhimmanci domin suna ba da darussan iyo, kuma tana jin haka sosai domin ƙanwarta mai shekara uku ta nutse a wani tafki mai zaman kansa.
A duk faɗin Faransa, ƙungiyoyin ƙauyuka da dama na karkara suna haɗuwa don kare tafkunansu na gida: suna yin kamfen, suna ba da kansu don taimakawa gudanar da su, har ma suna yin fenti da aikin gyara.
Duba hoto cikin cikakken allo
Guillaume, malamin iyo, yana jagorantar darasin motsa jiki na ruwa a tafkin Louet na birni a Rochefort-sur-Loire
Duba hoto cikin cikakken allo
Chris yana koya wa 'yarsa Seren yadda ake tsalle a tafkin Louet na birni
A Rochefort-sur-Loire, ƙauyen da ke da mutane 2,400 kusa da Angers, membobin ƙungiyar tallafawa tafkin na gida sun taru a gefen ruwa. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, sun ƙawata ƙauyen da ƙafafun iyo da ƙwallon roba don shawo kan wani ministan gwamnati mai ziyara don tabbatar da tallafin kuɗi don sake buɗe tafkin koyarwa na cikin gida. Sun kuma karbi mawaƙi a tafkin kuma suka yi wasan kwaikwayo a can.
"Abin da ake nufi shi ne sanya tafkin ƙauyenmu ya zama zuciyar rayuwar al'umma," in ji Nicolas Robin, masanin zamantakewa.
A ranar 18 ga Yuli 1969, a Juigné-sur-Loire da ke kusa, yara 19 sun nutse a Kogin Loire yayin tafiya daga ƙungiyar hutun makaranta—ɗaya daga cikin bala'o'i da dama da suka tura gwamnati don inganta wuraren koyar da iyo. Darussan iyo har yanzu suna da fifiko. Akwai koguna uku a yankin, kuma ƙauyen sau da yawa yana fuskantar ambaliya a lokacin hunturu.
Duba hoto cikin cikakken allo
Kogin Louet, wanda yanzu ya bushe, kusa da tafkin Louet na birni a Rochefort-sur-Loire Hoton: Thomas Louapre/The Guardian
"Mutane suna buƙatar sanin yadda ake iyo don su tsira a lokacin ambaliya ma," in ji Guillaume Lusteau, mai tsaron tafkin kuma kocin iyo.
Tafkin yana kusa da Kogin Louet, wani reshe na Loire wanda yawanci wuri ne mai kyau don shawagi. Amma zafin rana na bazara ya sa kogin ya yi ƙasa da yawa don shiga, wanda ya kawo ƙarin masu iyo zuwa tafkin.
Duba hoto cikin cikakken allo
Didier Le Gall, hakimin Rochefort-sur-Loire: 'Tafkin wani ɓangare ne na asalin ƙauyenmu'
Hakimin, Didier Le Gall, ya ce a wannan yanki, wanda ke da babban kaso na noman halitta, lafiya ita ce babbar fifiko, kuma tafkin yana da muhimmanci, musamman ga iyalai masu ƙarancin kuɗi. "Yana da muhimmanci ga yara su koyi iyo, amma kuma ga rayuwar zamantakewar mutanen da ba sa tafiya hutu," in ji shi. "Tafkin wani ɓangare ne na asalin ƙauyenmu, kuma a lokacin zafin rana ya zama wuri mai muhimmanci don sanyaya jiki. Tasirin tafkin a kan lafiyar kwakwalwa da jiki yana da girma."
Le Gall ya ce gidan gwamnati na son kiyaye tafkin a buɗe, duk da kashe kuɗin gudanarwa na €100,000. "Amma muna buƙatar taimako na dogon lokaci," in ji shi.
Duba hoto cikin cikakken allo
Tafkin Louet na birni, a Rochefort-sur-Loire
Duba hoto cikin cikakken allo
Tafkin Louet na birni, a Rochefort-sur-Loire
Bruno Cheminat, mai shekara 73, tsohon malamin ilimi na musamman kuma tsohon ɗan wasan iyo, yana yin iyo na mita 2,000 kowace rana kuma ya ba da kansa don aikin fenti da gyara. "Yana da kyau ka zama na farko a cikin ruwa da safe," in ji shi.
Estelle, tsohuwar ma'aikaciyar jirgin sama wadda ke aiki a liyafar tafkin, ta ce kasancewa a cikin ruwa, kallon itatuwa zuwa ga coci, yana ɗaga mata zuciya: "Kamar yin iyo a cikin hoton wasiƙa ne."
**Tambayoyin da Aka Yi Yawaita**
Ga jerin tambayoyin da aka yi yawaita game da ƙoƙarin ceton tafkunan karkara na Faransa a lokacin zafin rana
**Bayanin Gabaɗaya**
1. **Menene wannan ƙoƙarin ceton tafkuna?**
Wani yunkuri ne na ƙananan garuruwa a Faransa don kiyaye tafkunansu na jama'a a buɗe a lokacin zafin rana na bazara. Yawancin tafkunan karkara sun tsufa, suna da tsadar gudanarwa, kuma suna fuskantar rufewa saboda rage kasafin kuɗi da ƙuntatawar ruwa. Ƙoƙarin ya shafi neman hanyoyin kiyaye su masu araha da dorewa domin su zama muhimman wuraren sanyaya jiki na al'umma.
2. **Me yasa tafkunan karkara a Faransa ke rufewa?**
Dalilai uku ne: Tsufa, Kuɗi, da Fari.
3. **Me yasa waɗannan tafkuna suke da muhimmanci a lokacin zafin rana?**
A birane, mutane na iya zuwa wuraren kasuwanci masu sanyin iska ko gidajen tarihi. A karkara akwai ƙananan zaɓuɓɓuka. Tafkin sau da yawa shine kawai wurin jama'a inda dukan al'umma—musamman tsofaffi da iyalai masu ƙananan yara—za su iya sanyaya jiki lafiya kuma da ƙarancin kuɗi.
4. **Shin wannan kawai game da yin iyo don nishaɗi ne?**
A'a. Wannan batu ne na lafiyar jama'a. Tafkunan karkara ana ɗaukar su a matsayin muhimman ababen more rayuwa don hana bugun zafi da rashin ruwa a lokacin yanayin zafi mai tsanani.
**Tambayoyi na Aiki da Gudanarwa**
5. **Yaya suke ceton ruwa idan akwai ƙuntatawar fari?**
Suna yin ƙirƙira. Yawancin tafkuna yanzu suna rufe saman ruwa da manyan bargon rufewa lokacin da aka rufe don rage ƙawancen ruwa. Suna kuma amfani da tsarin sake amfani da ruwa wanda ke tacewa da sake amfani da ruwa maimakon zubar da shi cikin magudanar ruwa.
6. **Menene suke yi game da tsadar makamashi?**
Da yawa suna canzawa zuwa na'urorin dumama na hasken rana da kuma amfani da famfunan zafi. Wasu garuruwa ma suna sanya rufin hasken rana mai iyo a kan tafkin, wanda ke samar da wutar lantarki don gudanar da matattarar ruwa yayin da kuma ke ba da inuwa ga masu iyo.
7. **Shin suna rage zafin ruwa don ceton kuɗi?**
E, wasu tafkuna suna kiyaye ruwa mai sanyi don rage kuɗin dumama. Suna kuma rage sa'o'in buɗewa don guje wa lokacin zafi mafi tsanani, wanda ke rage kuɗin ma'aikatan tsaro da makamashi.
