Spain na kara yunƙuri don inganta tsarin yawon buɗe ido wanda ya wuce hoton "rana, yashi, da bakin teku" da aka saba, yayin da ƙasar ke shirin sake samun wani shekara mai tarihi. Ministan yawon buɗe ido ya ce adadin baƙi daga waje zai iya kaiwa miliyan 100 a karon farko.
Da yake magana da jaridar Guardian, Jordi Hereu ya yi watsi da ra'ayin cewa Spain ta cika da yawon buɗe ido. Duk da haka, ya yarda cewa ya bayyana a fili cewa "tsoffin hanyoyin ba su aiki kuma," musamman yayin da damuwa game da yawan yawon buɗe ido da tasirin rikicin yanayi ke karuwa.
Hereu, ministan masana'antu da yawon buɗe ido, ya ce za a iya sarrafa hauhawar adadin masu yawon buɗe ido—wanda zai iya samun ƙarin hauhawa a wannan bazara saboda rashin tabbas game da wuraren Gabas ta Tsakiya bayan yaƙin Amurka da Isra'ila da Iran—ta hanyar da ta dace kuma mai ɗorewa.
A bara, adadin baƙi daga waje ya karu da kashi 3.2% zuwa miliyan 96.8, yayin da kashe kuɗinsu ya karu da kashi 6.8% zuwa Yuro biliyan 134 (fam biliyan 116). Alkaluman kwata na farko na wannan shekara sun nuna adadin masu yawon buɗe ido ya karu da kashi 3.4% kuma kudaden shiga sun karu da kashi 6.7%.
"Tare da wannan ci gaban, za mu iya kaiwa miliyan 100," in ji Hereu. "Amma ina so in jaddada cewa wannan bai damu da mu ba ko kuma ya shagaltar da mu... Mun fi son abin da nake kira ci gaban natsuwa—ci gaban da ke da sauƙin sarrafawa. Kuma a wannan shekara, duk da abin da ke faruwa da canjin buƙatu, ina tsammanin hasashenmu har yanzu yana nufin ci gaba mai matsakaici."
Yawon buɗe ido ya daɗe yana wani muhimmin ɓangare na tattalin arzikin Spain, yana samar da fiye da kashi 12% na GDP. Amma ci gabansa mai sauri da rashin kulawa a wurare da yawa ya haifar da zanga-zanga da kuma turjiya mai ƙarfi. Yawan yawon buɗe ido, musamman hauhawar gidajen haya na yawon buɗe ido, ya canza gabaɗayan unguwanni da garuruwa, ya kori mazauna gida daga kasuwar gidaje, kuma ya ƙara matsin lamba kan ayyukan jama'a da albarkatun ƙasa.
Lokacin da aka tambaye shi ko matakan yawon buɗe ido na yanzu suna da ɗorewa, Hereu ya ce: "Ee, idan muka yi aikinmu, kuma a'a idan ba mu yi komai ba." Ministan, wanda ya taɓa zama magajin garin Barcelona, ya yaba wa magajinsa, Jaume Collboni—wanda shi ma ɗan gurguzu ne—saboda ci gaba da shirin hana gidajen haya na yawon buɗe ido a babban birnin Catalan nan da 2028. Amma ya lura cewa tsarin mulkin Spain mai ra'ayin mazan jiya yana sa wa gwamnatin tsakiya wuya ta kawo canji a cikin gida. Ya kuma nuna bambancin hanyoyin da gwamnatocin hagu da dama ke bi.
"Ina tsammanin akwai wurare a Spain da yanzu suna ganin sakamakon rashin daidaita komai," in ji shi. "Amma ina kuma so in bayyana a fili cewa wannan yana da tasiri daga ra'ayoyin siyasa. Hagu ya fi son daidaita yawon buɗe ido fiye da dama, saboda dama ya yi imani cewa ya kamata mu ba da 'yanci kuma mu bar kasuwa ta daidaita kanta—wanda ba gaskiya ba ne, kuma a wurare da yawa ya bayyana cewa ba ta daidaita kanta."
Hereu ya ce duk da cewa ya yi imani cewa ƙiyayya ga yawon buɗe ido "ta kasance ƴan tsiraru ne" a Spain, yana ƙara bayyana cewa ana buƙatar sabuwar hanya. Hukumomin gida da na yanki suna buƙatar iyakance, daidaita, da kuma harajin abubuwan yawon buɗe ido yadda ya kamata.
"Abin da na yi imani da shi shi ne, a wasu wurare, mutane suna neman ingantaccen yawon buɗe ido—ingantaccen tsari," in ji shi. "Amma al'adun da nake gani a duk faɗin Spain ita ce ta ƙasar da ta san yadda ake maraba da mutane. Babban ƙa'idarmu ita ce, muna son canza tsarin don ci gaba, kuma muna aiki cikin tawali'u don yin hakan saboda tsoffin hanyoyin ba su aiki kuma."
Ko da yake ya kare yawon buɗe ido na bakin teku na gargajiya, wanda har yanzu yana da kashi 37% na dukkan ziyara, kuma ya ce Spain dole ne ta kasance a buɗe ga "dukan sassa" na kasuwa, ya lura cewa mutane yanzu suna neman abubuwan da suka wuce kawai kwana a bakin tafkin.
"Yana da ban sha'awa sosai a ga a cikin binciken inganci cewa mutanen da suka zo musamman saboda 'hey, na zo ne don hutawa, rana da bakin teku, da sauransu' suma sun fara neman ƙarin abubuwa—kamar 'bakin teku da ƙari'," in ji Hereu. "Ina tsammanin wannan kyakkyawan yanayi ne, saboda abin da muke buƙata shi ne ƙara daraja."
Ministan ya ce gwamnatin hadin gwiwa ta Spain karkashin jagorancin gurguzu ta himmatu ga ka'idojin zamantakewa, tattalin arziki, da muhalli masu ɗorewa da aka tsara a cikin dabarun yawon buɗe ido na 2030.
"Manufa ɗaya ita ce a baza wuraren ziyara a kan lokaci, kuma muna kuma aiki don rage kololuwar yanayi," in ji shi. "Na uku, ka'ida bayyananna ita ce a bambanta abubuwanmu daga shekarun rana, yashi, da bakin teku—inda [masana'antar yawon buɗe ido ta Spain] ta fara, kuma har yanzu ita ce babbar jawo hankali."
Ko da yake Spain ta daɗe tana tallata kyawawan abubuwan rana na gabas da kudancin gabar tekunta, Hereu ya yi jayayya cewa mabuɗin yawon buɗe ido mai ɗorewa ya ta'allaka ne da rage yanayinsa, rage mayar da hankali kan bakin teku, da kuma ƙara bambancin yanki da al'adu.
Kamfen ɗin talla na yanzu na ƙasar, mai suna Kuna Tsammanin Kun San Spain? Ku Sake Tunani, ya tsallake bakin teku masu cike da rana kuma a maimakon haka ya nuna majami'u, wuraren hutawa, gonakin lemu, bukukuwan jama'a, abinci, giya, tafkuna, wuraren kore, sana'o'in hannu, da berayen ruwa. Har ma ya nuna ruwan sama.
"Ba ku ganin bakin teku na gabar teku; a maimakon haka, cikin ƙasar Spain ne da kuma koren Spain na arewa," in ji shi. "Don haka, game da bazuwa da gano wasu gaskiyoyi ne. Kuma me ke faruwa? Lokutan ƙasa da matsakaici suna girma fiye da lokacin babban yanayi, kuma cikin ƙasar, koren Spain yana girma fiye da babban ɓangaren."
Dogaron Spain ga yawon buɗe ido ya bayyana a lokacin cutar Covid. A 2020, adadin baƙi daga duniya ya ragu da kashi 77% zuwa miliyan 18.9 kawai. Hakan ya sa gwamnati ta saka Yuro biliyan 3.4 daga kudaden tsara na gaba na EU a cikin shirin sabunta da canza ɓangaren.
A cewar Hereu, wannan saka hannun jari ya ba wa yankunan Spain da ba a yawan ziyarta—kamar Castilla-La Mancha, Castilla y León, Extremadura, Galicia, Asturias, Cantabria, Basque Country da Navarre—damar haɓaka kasuwannin yawon buɗe ido.
"Akwai dama mai yawa a can, kuma a can ne muke buƙatar ci gaba ya faru," in ji shi. "Domin, alal misali, a bakin tekun Bahar Rum, musamman a yanzu, a lokacin babban yanayi, akwai iyaka."
Ministan ya yi imani cewa bambanta da bazuwar masana'antar yawon buɗe ido na iya taimaka wa Spain magance raguwar yawan jama'a ta hanyar tabbatar da cewa matasa ba su bar garuruwansu don neman aiki a wani wuri ba. Tsawaita lokacin kuma zai taimaka wajen samar da ƙarin ayyukan yi masu tsayi, in ji shi.
"A da, Yuni, Yuli, Agusta ne, kuma aƙalla, Satumba," in ji shi. "Amma yanzu mutane suna buɗewa a Afrilu, Mayu ko Yuni, kuma muna da ƙarin kwanciyar hankali. Oktoba ma yana da mahimmanci yanzu, kuma gaskiya, a wasu lokuta sarƙoƙi suna gaya mani suna buɗewa kusan duk shekara. Wannan kuma yana ba mu ƙarin kwanciyar hankali na aiki, kuma a bayyane yake cewa albashi ma dole ne ya ƙaru, ko? Dole ne ku jawo mutane zuwa ɓangaren kuma ku riƙe su. Kuma wannan labari ne mai kyau saboda yana kawo kwanciyar hankali na zamantakewa da rarraba riba mai adalci."
Hereu ya ce gwamnati tana kuma aiki don taimaka wa masana'antar ta daidaita da tasirin gaggawar yanayi, wanda ke ƙara bayyana a Spain ta hanyar fari, zafi mai zafi, gobarar daji, ambaliya, da hawan teku. Ya ce makamashi mai sabuntawa, amfani da ruwa mai inganci, da kuma sarrafa shara mai kyau na iya taimakawa wajen rage tasirin rikicin. Ya kara da cewa yanzu ya bayyana a fili cewa riko da tsohuwar hanya zai zama kuskure. "Za mu sami akasin abin da muke da shi yanzu—za mu ƙara yawan masu yawon buɗe ido maimakon adadin kuɗin da suke kashewa," in ji shi. "Kuma a yanzu, muna girma fiye da darajar kashewa fiye da adadin baƙi."
**Tambayoyi da Aka Yi Yawan Yi**
Ga jerin tambayoyin da aka yi yawan yi game da Spain tana tallata yankunan da ba a san su ba yayin da adadin masu yawon buɗe ido ke gabatowa miliyan 100
**Tambayoyi na Matakin Farko**
1. Me yasa Spain ba zato ba tsammani take gaya wa masu yawon buɗe ido su guji bakin teku?
Ba sa gaya muku ku guje su gaba ɗaya. Suna roƙon ku ku ziyarci wasu wurare don rage cunkoso a bakin teku da raba fa'idodin tattalin arziki tare da ƙauyuka da kananan garuruwa.
2. Menene "yankunan da ba a san su ba" ke nufi a wannan mahallin?
Yana nufin sassan Spain waɗanda ba su shahara kamar Barcelona, Madrid ko Costa del Sol. Yi tunanin wurare kamar Extremadura, ƙauyukan cikin Galicia, Aragon na karkara, ko tsaunukan León.
3. Shin Spain tana cika da yawon buɗe ido?
Ee, a wasu wurare masu zafi. Tare da kusan baƙi miliyan 100 da ake tsammani, shahararrun bakin teku da cibiyoyin birane suna fama da cunkoso. Wannan kamfen yana nufin baza mutane daidai gwargwado.
4. Menene fa'idar da zan samu idan na ziyarci yankin da ba a san shi ba?
Kuna iya samun ƙananan farashi, ƙarancin taron jama'a, al'adar gida mafi inganci, da kuma kwarewa mai natsuwa. Hakanan kuna ganin ɓangaren Spain da yawancin masu yawon buɗe ido ke rasa.
5. Shin waɗannan yankunan da ba a san su ba suna da aminci ga masu yawon buɗe ido?
Tabbas. Spain tana ɗaya daga cikin ƙasashe mafi aminci a duniya. Yankunan karkara gabaɗaya suna da aminci sosai, tare da mutanen gida masu son maraba da baƙi.
**Tambayoyi na Matakin Ci Gaba**
6. Waɗanne yankuna ne Spain ke tallatawa a yanzu?
Yankuna masu mahimmanci sun haɗa da Extremadura, Castilla y León, cikin Galicia, Aragon, da La Rioja.
7. Ta yaya gwamnatin Spain ke ba da kuɗi ko tallafawa wannan kamfen na hanyoyin da ba a saba ba?
Suna saka hannun jari don inganta hanyoyin jirgin ƙasa na yanki, bayar da tallafi ga hukumomin yawon buɗe ido na gida don talla, da ƙirƙirar sabbin hanyoyin al'adu.
8. Menene manyan ƙalubalen da masu yawon buɗe ido ke fuskanta a waɗannan yankunan da ba a san su ba?
Ƙarancin sufuri na jama'a tsakanin kananan garuruwa, ƙarancin masu magana da Ingilishi, da ƙarancin zaɓin masauki idan aka kwatanta da bakin teku. Ana ba da shawarar hayar mota don sassauci.
