Na gode don cinema—haske a cikin duhu da tushen duk wani abin mamaki mai girgiza. Yana gaya mana mu farka mu yi aiki kafin lokaci ya kure. Cewa muna rayuwa a cikin Matrix. Cewa CIA ta kashe JFK. Cewa matar mu mutum-mutumi ce kuma shugaban mu daga Andromeda ne. Haka kuma, akwai wani matakala irin na Escher a karkashin jirgin karkashin kasa na Tokyo da kuma wata kafar aljanu marar jiki da ke addabar wuraren haduwa na Brazil.
Aikin jarida na The Guardian mai zaman kansa ne. Za mu iya samun kudade idan ka sayi wani abu ta hanyar hanyar haɗin gwiwa. Ƙara koyo.
Yaya za mu yi idan wani amintaccen aboki ya gaya mana duk wannan? Shin za mu ji daɗi ko a firgita, a waye ko a rude? Ko za mu daina ganin su a matsayin amintaccen aboki?
"Mutane suna da hakkin su san gaskiya," in ji matashin mai fallasa sirri a cikin **Disclosure Day** na Steven Spielberg—wata magana da ta yi kama da wasu da yawa. Josh O'Connor ne ya taka rawar, jarumi Daniel Kellner yana ɗaukar jakar sirrin gwamnati da ke tabbatar da cewa baƙi sun wanzu kuma suna nuna wani mummunan boye-boye na gwamnati. **Disclosure Day** tatsuniya ce, amma tana nuni da ilimin ciki. Daraktan mai shekaru 79—wanda aka fi amincewa da shi a Hollywood—har ma ya bayyana a cikin trailer don tabbatar da gaskiyar fim ɗin. Ya saka kansa a tsakanin da'irar hatsi da jiragen sama, yana sharhi kan abin da ke faruwa kamar mai watsa labarai mai iko. Ya ce: "Shin ba zai yi kyau ba mutane su san cewa duk wannan gaskiya ne?"
Ba mu kadai ba, Spielberg ya gaya mana—kuma haka ma, fim ɗinsa ba shi kadai ba. **Disclosure Day** shine mafi girma da kuma mafi kyawu a cikin guguwar labaran makirci masu ban tsoro da ke tunawa da zamanin 1970 na **The Parallax View**, **Soylent Green**, **Capricorn One**, da **The Conversation**. Wadannan zuriyar zamani suna ba da labarai daban-daban kuma suna shiga ramuka daban-daban. Amma duk suna magana da harshen nisantarwa da rashin amana, kuma suna kama da neman wata gaskiya ta ƙarshe mai bayyanawa.
'Shin ka taba jin tsoron cewa ba ka da isasshen tsoro?' … John Malkovich a cikin **Wild Horse Nine**. Hoton: Entertainment Pictures/Alamy
A cikin **Bugonia** na Yorgos Lanthimos, akwai imani cewa manyan attajiran duniya a zahiri baƙi ne a boye. A cikin **The Invite** na Olivia Wilde, akwai zato mai ban mamaki game da halayen jima'i na maƙwabta. A cikin **Wild Horse Nine** mai zuwa, akwai boyayyun asirin duhu na zamanin yakin sanyi na Amurka. Fim ɗin ban dariya da tashin hankali na Martin McDonagh ya saka Sam Rockwell da John Malkovich a matsayin tsoffin jami'an CIA guda biyu, suna jira a tsibirin Easter suna jiran aikinsu na sirri na gaba. "Shin ka taba jin tsoron cewa ba ka da isasshen tsoro?" Malkovich ya tambaya a wani lokaci. Tambaya ce ta ruhaniya. A misali ko a'a, kowa yana sanye da hular tinfoil.
Oscars 2027: wa zai iya samun kyaututtuka na shekara mai zuwa? Kara karantawa
Shin wannan al'ada ce? Shin duk wadannan fina-finai suna da alaka? Hankali—amintaccen abokinmu—yana gaya mana cewa rayuwa ba ta da tsari kuma tana cikin rudani, kuma muna yin ta ne yayin da muke tafiya. Amma ka'idar makirci kamar mai shiga mai jan hankali ne, yana zuwa don tabbatar mana cewa, a zahiri, wannan ba gaskiya ba ne. Komai yana da alaka, wani bangare ne na babban tsari. "Babu daidaituwa, masoyi," in ji uban mai idanuwa a cikin sabon fim ɗin Netflix **The Truthers**. Don haka wadannan abubuwan ban mamaki duk suna nan don wani dalili. Suna da sako a gare mu, idan muka yi shiru muka saurara.
"Na sami wani wuri," in ji Chiwetel Ejiofor, wanda ke taka rawar mai sayar da kayan daki a cikin **Backrooms** mai ban sha'awa. Ba zai iya bayyana dalla-dalla ba, domin wurin asiri ne kuma baya bayyana a kowace taswira. Yana da hanyoyin sadarwa na corridors da ofisoshi, marasa lafiya da rashin lafiya, wanda ke boye a bayyane. Idan ka yarda da kiredit, **Backrooms** darektan Kane Parsons ne, mai shekaru 20, wanda ya gwada ra'ayin a matsayin shahararren jerin shirye-shiryen yanar gizo. Idan ka yarda da sassan masu sha'awar da suka fi dacewa, darektan 52 mai shekaru, Osgood Perkins, ne ya ba da umarni a asirce. Fim ɗin wani asiri ne mai kulle-kulle. Ga wani kacici-kacici da ake nufi don tsokana, don haka dole ne ya rike akalla wani sirri na kansa.
Backrooms shine mafi kyawun nau'in labarin makirci mai ban tsoro domin ba ya jin bukatar bayyana komai. Yana da ban tsoro, ban mamaki, kuma yana da rudani ba tare da kunya ba. Haka kuma yana da zurfin sinima—misali ne da aka shirya. Backrooms suna bayan taga mai haske ko allo. Suna iya zama fina-finai, TikTok, ko sassa masu duhu na intanet. "Kamar maze ne," Ejiofor ya ce cikin mamaki bayan ya tura hinge ya shiga ciki a karon farko. "Yana ci gaba da tafiya."
[Hoton: 'Mai ban tsoro, ban mamaki kuma mai rudani ba tare da kunya ba' … Renate Reinsve a cikin Backrooms. Hoton: PR]
H.L. Mencken ya kasance yana cewa babu wanda ya taba yin fatara ta hanyar raina hankalin jama'a. Amma kuma da wuya su yi asarar kudi ta hanyar raina iyawarsu na mamaki. Masu kallon fina-finai suna sha'awar sihiri, abin kallo, bayanai, da kwanciyar hankali. Wani bincike na 2024 ya gano cewa 61% na Amurkawa sun yi imani da fatalwa, 57% da baƙi, da 70% da shaidan. Wani kaso mai yawa kuma ya yi imani cewa an yi musu karya ta hanyar wani rukuni na sirri mara lissafi. Dangane da binciken YouGov, 18% suna tunanin cewa an yi jabun saukar wata na 1969, 20% suna tunanin cewa alluran rigakafin COVID suna dauke da microchips, da 29% suna ganin cewa an tsara injunan zabe don canza kuri'u a zabukan Amurka na 2020. Idan aka hada wadannan imani na musamman, a karshe suna karkatar da ma'auni. Dangane da wani bincike na 2024 na aikin CHIP50, 78.6% na 'yan Amurka sun yarda da akalla ka'idar makirci guda daya. Wannan babbar kasuwa ce mai bunƙasa don tatsuniyoyi da magungunan karya.
An saita shi a lokacin COVID, **Eddington** na Ari Aster ya saka Joaquin Phoenix a matsayin ƙaramin sheriff na gari yana takara don zama magajin gari. Shi mai 'yanci ne mai adawa da mask wanda yake son kasarsa, yana ƙin Black Lives Matter, kuma yana da tuta a motarsa da ke cewa, "ANA YI MUKA MAGUDI." Alama ce ta al'adun makirci da ta fito daga sanyi—wanda kafofin sada zumunta suka mayar da shi na yau da kullun kuma masu tsattsauran ra'ayi suka yi amfani da shi. **Eddington** yana ba'a da wannan duniyar, amma kuma alama ce ta ta.
Fina-finan 1970 sun kafa juriya sosai. Sun kasance kin amincewa kai tsaye ga gajiyar sakonnin gwamnati, an gina su cikin adawa mai zafi ga cibiyoyi masu gazawa da lalata. Ban tabbata ana iya cewa haka yake ga fina-finan yau ba. Al'adar ta yi duhu sosai, kuma labarai suna cike da abubuwan jan hankali. Wataƙila babu wani mai shirya fina-finai na zamani da ke magana da harshen fim ɗin makirci da kyau ko da ƙarfi kamar Fadar White House kanta. Donald Trump yana sukar jihar duhu daga bayan Resolute Desk kuma yana yin kamar yana da ra'ayi daya da jama'ar da aka kwace. Wadannan mutane suna da hakkin su nemi fansa a kan barayin kafaɗa da ke zaluntar su. Amma ba za su iya amincewa da kowa ba sai shi—mai kare su, babban mai ka'idar makirci.
[Hoton: Makirci … Josh O'Connor a cikin **Disclosure Day**. Hoton: Universal Pictures da Amblin Entertainment/AP]
"Ka cika yankin da shara," in ji Steve Bannon, tsohon mai ba da shawara na shugaban kasa. Makirci da aka shirya zai iya zama abin jan hankali ko kuma rufin asiri ga rashin iya aiki. Bayanan karya suna sa masu zabe su rude su gaji.
Mafi kyawun labaran makirci suna nuna hanyar fita—wanda ke nufin 'yanci, wanda ke da kyau. Amma nau'in ya rasa ikonsa, kuma hanyar gaba ba ta bayyana ba. **Bugonia** fim ne mai kyau, kuma **Backrooms** ya fi kyau. Amma duka biyun suna kama da rassa na Duniyar Fina-finai ta Trump—ba su da bambanci sosai da ka'idodin magoya baya da ke cewa Jim Carrey ya aika da clone dinsa zuwa César Awards ko kuma cewa **Eyes Wide Shut** gargadi ne game da Jeffrey Epstein.
A Amurka, **Disclosure Day** ya zo daidai da sakin fayilolin UFO da Fadar White House ta yi wanda bai cika ba ("mai matukar ban sha'awa da muhimmanci," in ji Trump). Wannan ya haifar da zato a kan layi cewa an daidaita kwanakin sakin a matsayin wani kamfen na amfani da juna. Ba gaskiya ba ne, in ji Spielberg—kawai wani zato ne. Fim ɗinsa ba shi da alaka da gwamnatin Trump.
[Cikakken allo: Warren Beatty a cikin **The Parallax View**, 1974. Hoton: Collection Christophel/Alamy]
Shin duk wadannan abubuwan da aka samar da jan kwaya suna da alaka? A gefe, i, tabbas. Shin akwai wani babban shiri? Kusan babu. Fina-finai martani ne na ciki ga duniyar da ke kewaye da su. Suna ɗaukar tashin hankalinta kuma suna wasa da sha'awar jama'a, kamar nunin magunguna da ke tafiya a yankuna masu nisa suna neman sabbin abokan ciniki. Ka'idodin makirci suna ba da ruɗin tsari da iko. Suna ba da kwanciyar hankali na labari—jin cewa rayuwa tana da ma'ana. Wanda shine wata hanya ta cewa an ƙirƙira su, karya ce. Menene ya fi tayar da hankali: tunanin cewa gwamnati tana boye baƙi, ko yarda cewa ba su boye ba? Menene ya fi ban tsoro: gaskata cewa baƙi suna son magana da mu, ko tunanin cewa ba za su taba yi ba?
Shin muna da isasshen tsoro? Thomas Pynchon—muryar da ba ta hukuma ba ta nau'in makirci—yana nuna wani yanayi da ya fi tsoro: yanayin rashin tsoro inda babu abin da ke da alaka da wani, inda babu makullin da za a buɗe ko gaskiyar da za a samu. Yana cewa, "yan kaɗan ne daga cikinmu za su iya jurewa na dogon lokaci." Mutane suna bukatar juyi da tashin hankali, tsokana da bayyanawa. Spielberg gwani ne a wannan kuma tabbas ya riga ya sani. Haka ma Lanthimos da Aster da darektan **Backrooms** mai shekaru 20. Haka ma Trump.
**Tambayoyi da Amsoshi**
Ga jerin tambayoyi game da karuwar ka'idodin makirci a fina-finai da aka rubuta cikin yanayin tattaunawa na halitta
**Tambayoyi na Matakin Farko**
1. Me kuke nufi da cewa fina-finai suna soyayya da ka'idodin makirci?
Yana nufin cewa Hollywood da shirye-shiryen watsa labarai suna yin fina-finai da shirye-shirye da yawa inda makircin ke tafiyar da wani shiri na sirri, boye-boye, ko gaskiyar da ke boye wanda babban jarumi ya gano. Ka yi tunanin The Matrix, JFK, ko kuma kwanan nan Don't Worry Darling da The Menu.
2. Me yasa hakan ke faruwa yanzu? Shin al'ada ce kawai?
Wani bangare i. Amma kuma yana nuna zamaninmu. Mutane sun fi jin rashin amana ga cibiyoyi—gwamnatoci, manyan kamfanonin fasaha, kafofin watsa labarai—fiye da kowane lokaci. Fina-finai suna amfani da wannan damuwa ta ainihi kuma suna mai da ita nishadi.
3. Shin wadannan fina-finai suna kokarin sa ni in yi imani da ka'idodin makirci na gaske?
Ba haka ba ne yawanci. Yawancin masu shirya fina-finai suna amfani da ka'idodin makirci a matsayin misali na jin rashin iko ko kuma tambayar iko. Yawanci suna sha'awar jin tsoro fiye da tallata wata ka'ida ta musamman kamar QAnon ko duniya mai lebur.
4. Za ka iya ba ni misali mai sauki na wani fim na kwanan nan irin wannan?
Tabbas. The Menu yana kama da game da gidan cin abinci mai kyau amma a zahiri makirci ne tsakanin mai dafa abinci da ma'aikatansa don hukunta rukuni na attajirai masu cancanta. Makircin shine shirin boye da duk suka yarda da shi.
5. Shin wannan abu ne mara kyau ga fina-finai?
Ba lallai ba. Fim ɗin makirci mai kyau zai iya zama mai jan hankali da wayo sosai. Matsalar ita ce idan aka yi shi da kyau, zai iya zama mai rudani, mai girman kai, ko kuma ya tabbatar da ra'ayoyin gaske masu cutarwa.
**Tambayoyi na Matakin Gaba**
6. Yaya wannan ya bambanta da fina-finan makirci na gargajiya kamar The Parallax View ko All the President's Men?
Babban bambanci shine abin da ake hari. Fina-finan 1970 na gargajiya sun mayar da hankali kan cibiyoyi masu iko na musamman. Fina-finan makirci na zamani yawanci suna hari kan komai a lokaci guda—attajirai, masu tasiri, fasahar zamantakewa, fasaha, har ma da masu kallo da kansu. Sun fi zama na hankali da wanzuwa.
7. Shin karuwar shirye-shiryen watsa labarai shine dalili ko sakamako na wannan al'ada?
Babban abu ne.
