Ga fassarar rubutun daga Turanci zuwa Hausa:
Sha ta ƙarshe da Holly Dyson ta sha ita ce gwangwani cider, wadda ta sha a cikin motar mahaifinta a kan hanyar zuwa rehab a ranar 2 ga Mayu, 2023. Ta sha ta don sarrafa alamun janyewar ta. Da kyar ta ci abinci a cikin makonni biyu. A kwanakinta na ƙarshe a gida a arewa maso yammacin Ingila, ta yi amfani da lokacinta tana amai jini a bayan gida kuma tana kwance a gado, tana rawar jiki kuma tana jin rashin lafiya mara iya jurewa. Hannunta ya yi shawagi a kan lambobin 999 a wayarta, tana shirye don kiran motar asibiti. Tana da shekaru 26, jikinta yana rushewa.
Kimanin mako guda da ya wuce, likita ya gaya mata cewa tana da watanni shida na rayuwa. A cikin 'yan shekarun da suka gabata, shan ta ya ƙare daga iko. Hantarta ta "lalace," in ji likitan. Ga Dyson, ya ji kamar "ƙwallon bowling" – mai nauyi da kumbura har ta yi amfani da "hannaye biyu don ɗaga jikina daga gado." Fuskarta ma ta kumbura, kuma ba ta yi kama da yarinyar da ta kasance mai wasanni ba.
Amma Dyson ta ce ta "wuce matakin damuwa." Ta ƙara da cewa, "Ba zan iya yin wannan kuma ba."
Dyson ta girma a Tarleton, ƙauye a tsakanin Preston da Southport a Ingila, kuma yarintarta ta kasance mai farin ciki. "Na rayu a cikin wannan ƙaramin kumfa inda babu wani abu mara kyau da ya taɓa faruwa kuma komai yana da kyau sosai." Ita ce ɗa tilo ga iyayenta da suka yi aure cikin farin ciki: "Wannan ɗan ƙaramin farin gashi, mai farin ciki, kowa yana sonmu-iyali," in ji ta.
Hakan ya canza lokacin da ta cika shekaru 12 kuma mahaifiyarta ta ƙaura. "Ban ga zuwansa ba kwata-kwata," in ji ta game da sakin iyayenta. Wasu bincike sun gano cewa dogaro da barasa na iya kasancewa da alaƙa da raunin yarinta na farko, kamar saki, wanda ke rushe ci gaban motsin rai kuma yana iya haifar da damuwa na yau da kullum. Yanzu a cikin magani, Dyson ta yi imani cewa rabuwar iyayenta ya haifar da "tsananin tsoro" na watsi.
Dyson ta sha barasa ta farko tana da shekaru 16 – cider mai ɗanɗanon 'ya'yan itace a wurin shakatawa tare da abokai – amma ba ta bugu ba har sai da ta tafi jami'a a Leeds a 2015. "Duk inda na duba akwai mutane suna shan cocaine, pills, da MDMA." Amma magungunan ba su taɓa sha'awar Dyson kamar yadda barasa ta yi ba.
A matsayinta na ɗaliba, da sauri ta yi abokai a ɗakin kwananta kuma ta ƙaunaci "wani dogo, duhu, kyakkyawa ɗan kudu," wanda ya zama masoyinta na kai da kawowa. Ya tafi tare da ita zuwa bikin auren mahaifiyarta ga sabon abokin tarayya a 2016 kuma ya zama babban abokinta. Amma yana iya zama mai cutarwa, musamman a daren fita, lokacin da yake kiranta da sunaye kuma yana kama hannayenta da ƙarfi, in ji ta. Lokacin da Dyson ta gano cewa yana yaudararta da abokanta biyu na kusa, ba ta iya jurewa cin amana da zafin ba, kuma ta bar jami'a.
A rana mai rana a 2017 ne ta zuba wa kanta abin sha wanda zai canza komai: gin da tonic, wanda ta sha kafin ta tafi aikin ta na mai horar da jiki. Wannan abin sha ɗaya "ya haskaka kwakwalwata," in ji ta.
Dyson ta koma gidan mahaifiyarta, kuma ba da daɗewa ba gin ɗin ta ya ƙare. Ta sake cika kwalaben da ruwa don mahaifiyarta ba ta san cewa ta sha su ita kaɗai ba, sannan ta fara ɓoye shaidun a cikin ɗakin kwananta da motarta. Ya zama abin sha'awa na cikakken lokaci. "Kowane tunaninka shine: 'Ina abin sha na na gaba zai fito? Za mu iya biyan abin sha na gaba? Me za mu sha? Ina za mu ɓoye shi?' Wannan kawai yana maimaitawa."
A cikin shekaru biyu na farko, ta kasance mai kyau a ɓoye dogaronta. Dyson ta fara zama tare da saurayinta na 'yan shekaru, wanda ya kasance mai natsuwa sosai kuma bai taɓa fuskantar ta game da shan ta ba, amma abokai sun fara lura. "Na yi kama da ban tsoro," in ji ta. "Ba za ka iya kallona ba tare da sanin cewa wani abu ba daidai ba ne." Ba ta taɓa tuna baƙar fita ba, amma wani lokaci takan farka tana cike da raunuka masu ban mamaki.
"Babu wani zafin jiki da zai taɓa kwatanta zafin motsin rai da na sha," in ji ta.
Babbar abokinta Alice ta fi damuwa. A ranar haihuwar Dyson, a gidan Dyson kanta, Alice ta saya mata non-alcoholic prosecco don murna. "Na yi fushi sosai," in ji Dyson. Ta bar bikin da sauri saboda ba ta ga amfanin taron jama'a ba tare da barasa ba. A wannan lokacin, tana shan kwalabe da yawa na giya kowane dare.
A 2020, Dyson ta fara samun ciwon hanta mai tsanani kuma ta tafi A&E na Asibitin Southport, inda ta sadu da ƙungiyar haɗin gwiwar barasa ta asibiti a karo na farko. Hoton ya nuna cewa tana da cutar hanta mai tsanani, amma "ba shi da ma'ana a gare ni. Ban kai ga ƙasa ba tukuna," in ji ta. "Ban shirya daina shan barasa ba."
A cikin 'yan shekaru masu zuwa, Dyson ta kasance tana shiga da fita asibiti. Ta canza daga gin zuwa cider, wanda take sha da farko da safe don dakatar da alamun janyewa kamar rawar jiki, amai, fushi, da rashin ci. Ta zuba giya a cikin kwalbar Lucozade, ta ƙara da Lipton's peach iced tea, kuma ta sha a duk rana yayin aiki a matsayin mai gudanarwa. Lokacin da ta gama aiki da karfe 2 na rana, takan sayi ƙarin giya a hanyar gida.
Da karfe 8 na dare, in ji ta, takan bugu sosai, amma takan buɗe ƙarin kwalabe na cider kuma ta jera su kusa da gado don kada ta tada abokin tarayya lokacin da ta buɗe su. Ta sha su "kamar ruwa" a cikin dare. "Dole ne in yi duk abin da zan iya don shan barasa 24/7."
Wannan al'ada ce mai tsada. Da zarar ta sami albashi, Dyson takan kashe £300-400 akan barasa, tana tunanin zai ɗauki wata. Amma da kyar ya ɗauki mako. Lokacin da kuɗin ta ya ƙare, takan tambayi mahaifiyarta, sannan mahaifinta, kuɗin mai kuma ta yi amfani da shi don siyan ƙarin barasa. Lokacin da hakan bai isa ba, ta ɗauki rance bayan rance.
"Lokacin da fam dubu biyar ya shiga asusun bankinka, kana yin hauka sosai kuma kana siyan gin mafi tsada da duk abubuwan ɗanɗano," in ji ta. "Yana da muni ga makomara saboda lokacin da na fita daga jaraba, ina da bashi na fam 10,000. Ba zan iya biyan kuɗin ba, don haka yanzu ina da tsarin sarrafa bashi. Wannan yana nufin cewa a cikin shekaru shida masu zuwa, ba zan iya samun jinginar gida ko katin bashi ba saboda ƙimar kiredit ɗina ta yi ƙasa sosai."
A lokacin zamanta a asibiti, an ba Dyson Librium (sunan alama na chlordiazepoxide) don taimakawa sarrafa alamun janyewar barasa mai tsanani. Ga masu shan barasa, janyewa na iya zama mai kisa, yana haifar da rudani, tashin hankali, da ganin abubuwan da ba su wanzu. Amma lokacin da ta koma gida, takan yi maganin kanta da gwangwani cider. Ba za ta iya tafiya da kyau ko kuma ci abinci ba. Duk da haka, "da zarar na shawo kan hakan" tare da haɗin haƙuri da ƙarin barasa, takan yi tunani, "Na gyara yanzu, zan iya sha kuma."
Kakar mahaifiyar Dyson ta mutu daga shan barasa tana da shekaru 52, watanni uku bayan haihuwar Dyson. "Mahaifiyata ta yi tunanin cewa damuwa game da ni na iya ba ta ciwon zuciya," in ji Dyson. Amma mahaifinta bai fahimci yadda abin yake da tsanani ba har sai da ta ziyarci likita, wanda ya gaya wa mahaifinta tsawon lokacin da yake tunanin za ta yi rayuwa. Da sauri ya mayar da Dyson gidansa, kuma "akwai dare biyu ko uku da na yi rashin lafiya sosai, ina janyewa kuma ina yin amai" har ya zauna tare da ita dukan dare. Ya kawar da duk barasa a gidan kuma ya ɗauki katunan bankinta. Kafin wannan, Dyson ta ga mahaifinta yana kuka sau ɗaya kawai – ranar da ya gaya mata cewa mahaifiyarta ta bar su. "Amma a cikin waɗannan 'yan kwanaki na ƙarshe kafin in tafi rehab, na gan shi yana kuka sosai."
Mahaifinta ya san cewa babu wani abu da zai iya yi mata lokacin da ta dawo gida da barasa kuma ta sha duka a ɗakinta. Babu ɗayansu da ya san yadda ta biya shi. A wannan rana, ya kai ta wani wurin rehab mai zaman kansa mai suna Ocean. Bayan ta warke a Blackpool, ta ɗauki rance don biyan kulawarta. "Idan bai shigar da ni rehab ba lokacin da ya yi, da ba zan kasance a nan ba," in ji Dyson.
A cewar Alcohol Change, kusan kashi 15% na mata a Ingila suna shan barasa ta hanyoyin da ke cutar da lafiyarsu. Tsakanin 2019 da 2023, adadin mata da ke mutuwa musamman daga abubuwan da suka shafi barasa ya karu da kashi 39%. Duk da haka, mata ba su da yawa da suke neman shirye-shiryen magani na gargajiya kamar Alcoholics Anonymous. Bincike ya nuna cewa mata da maza galibi suna shan barasa saboda dalilai daban-daban: mata suna sha don rufe, ɓoye, ko rage jin kunya da ke da alaƙa da abubuwan da suka fuskanta na cin zarafi, yayin da maza galibi suna sha don shakatawa da raba lokacin hutu daga aiki. Kyamar da ke tattare da jaraba na iya ƙara zurfafa kunyar mata, yana sa su fi yin musun dogararsu ga barasa kuma su ɓoye shi.
Dyson ita ce ta farko da ta yarda cewa tana da ra'ayi na ƙayyadaddun abin da mai shan barasa yake kama, kuma ba ita ba. "Ina da komai a gare ni: Ni yarinya ce, ina da lafiya, ina aiki, ina da iyali mai kyau, ina da gida, ina lafiya, ana ƙaunata, amma hakan bai hana shi ba," in ji ta. "Ba ya nuna bambanci." A safiya ta farko na rehab, "Na leƙa kofa a karin kumallo kuma na tuna tunani, 'Kash, kowa yana da al'ada.'"
Dyson ta zauna a wurin na kwanaki 28. "Ni ce mafi ƙanƙanta da shekaru 20," in ji ta. "Ni ne jariri. Ina da mutane da yawa suna kula da ni." Ta yi tafiye-tafiye da yawa, ta yi maganin rukuni, tunani, da yoga. Ta kan yi zane da yamma kuma ta yi amfani da lokaci mai yawa tana magana da takwarorinta.
Amma ta ce ainihin aikin mai wuya ya fara lokacin da aka sallame ta kuma dole ta koma rayuwa ba tare da kulawa da tallafi na yau da kullum ba. A rehab, Dyson ta kasance tana kewaye da mutanen da suka yi irin abubuwan da ta fuskanta, kuma tana iya magana da su game da gwagwarmayarta. Dyson ta ce sabon aikinta na ma'aikaciyar tallafi ga sabis na magunguna da barasa Change Grow Live ya taimaka mata ta kasance cikin natsuwa – yin magana a fili game da zafin jaraba shine tunatarwa ta yau da kullum game da wahalhalun da ta sha. Har yanzu tana jin daɗin zane kuma tana motsa jiki akai-akai; ta yi tseren rabin marathon na London Landmarks a watan Afrilu kuma tana horar da marathon cikakke a gaba. "Babu wani zafin jiki, kamar gudu marathon, da zai taɓa kwatanta zafin motsin rai da na sha a lokacin jaraba."
Yanzu, Dyson tana ganin barasa a ko'ina kuma ba ta yarda da al'adun shan barasa mai yawa da ya zama ruwan dare a Burtaniya ba. Ba ta son yadda ake tallata barasa a manyan kantuna, inda akwai "'saya akwatuna biyu na fam goma' a ko'ina." Tana ganin ya kamata a ɓoye barasa kamar sigari da alewa. "Mutane suna manta cewa barasa magani ne kuma akwai miliyoyin mutane da ke da matsalolin barasa. Idan kana da rana mai wahala, kana shiga babban kanti kuma kafin ma ka ɗauki kwandonka, kana ganin duk waɗannan tayi akan barasa a ƙofar – hakan zai cutar da lafiyar wani."
A matsayinta na ɓangare na aikinta a Change Grow Live, tana ɗokin raba "gaskiyar jaraba mara tacewa" da fatan cewa wani da ke cikin abin da ta sha zai sami ƙarfin neman taimako. "Bari mu nuna yadda jarabar barasa take da gaske: amai jini ne, rashin iya tashi daga gado, ƙarya don samun kuɗi. Yana da muni," in ji ta. "Yarda da cewa kana fama shine mafi ƙarfin hali kuma mafi muhimmanci abin da za ka iya yi don ceton kanka."
Kwanan nan, Dyson ta yi gwajin hanta wanda ya nuna cewa yanzu ba ta da tabo ko hanta mai kitse. "Ya kusan sake farfadowa da warkar da kansa gaba ɗaya." Gwajin jininta kuma ya nuna cewa aikin hanta yana cikin iyaka na al'ada. "Hakan yana sa ni jin motsin rai," in ji ta.
"Mutane suna cewa farfadowa yana da wuya, kuma na fahimta saboda dole ne ka yi aiki a kai kowace rana – da zarar ka yi natsuwa, sake komawa yana faruwa," in ji Dyson. "Amma zan ce jaraba ta fi farfadowa wuya, 100%. Jaraba aiki ne na cikakken lokaci, 24/7."
A Burtaniya, Taking Action on Addiction yana ba da hanyoyin haɗi zuwa sabis na tallafi daban-daban. A Amurka, za ka iya kira ko aika saƙo zuwa SAMHSA's National Helpline a 988. A Ostiraliya, akwai National Alcohol and Other Drug Hotline a 1800 250 015. Iyalai da abokai za su iya samun taimako daga Family Drug Support Australia a 1300 368 186.
**Tambayoyin da Aka Yi Yawa**
Anan akwai jerin tambayoyin da aka yi yawa dangane da bayanin: Na sha na farko ina da shekaru 16. Da na kai shekaru 26 an gaya mini ina da watanni shida na rayuwa.
**Tambayoyi na Matakin Farko**
1. Shin da gaske zai yiwu a fara shan barasa a shekaru 16 sannan a gaya maka kana da watanni shida na rayuwa a shekaru 26?
- E, yana yiwuwa. Wannan lokaci yana nuna saurin ci gaba mai tsanani na cutar hanta mai alaƙa da barasa, kamar alcoholic hepatitis ko cirrhosis, musamman tare da shan barasa mai yawa kowace rana.
2. Menene "watanni shida na rayuwa" ke nufi a wannan mahallin?
- Yana nufin likita ya yi imani cewa lalacewar hanta ta yi tsanani sosai har ba ta aiki yadda ya kamata, kuma ba tare da dasawa ko farfadowa mai mahimmanci ba, jikin majiyyaci zai iya gaza a cikin wannan lokacin.
3. Shin wannan yana nufin duk wanda ya sha barasa yana da shekaru 16 zai sami wannan matsala?
- A'a. Wannan lamari ne mai tsanani. Yawancin mutanen da suka fara shan barasa a shekaru 16 ba sa samun cutar hanta mai kisa a shekaru 26. Yana buƙatar haɗin shan barasa mai yawa na dogon lokaci, kwayoyin halitta, da sauran abubuwan lafiya.
4. Wane irin shan barasa ne ke haifar da wannan?
- Wannan yawanci yana zuwa daga shan barasa mai yawa na yau da kullum – sau da yawa ana bayyana shi a matsayin abubuwa 8 a rana ga maza ko 6 ga mata tsawon shekaru da yawa. Shan barasa mai yawa a lokaci ɗaya kaɗai ba ya haifar da wannan da sauri.
5. Shin wa'adin watanni shida koyaushe daidai ne?
- A'a. Ƙididdigar likita ce mai tsanani dangane da yanayin yanzu. Wasu mutane suna rayuwa tsawon lokaci tare da magani mai ƙarfi, yayin da wasu na iya raguwa da sauri.
**Tambayoyi na Matakin Ci Gaba**
6. Wace cutar hanta ce za ta haifar da wannan raguwa mai sauri?
- Mafi yawan abubuwan da ake zargi sune acute alcoholic hepatitis ko decompensated cirrhosis. Dukansu na iya zama masu kisa a cikin watanni ba tare da shiga tsakani ba.
7. Shin mutum zai iya warkewa daga ganewar watanni shida na rayuwa?
- E, amma yana da wuya. Idan majiyyaci ya daina shan barasa nan da nan, wasu mutanen da ke da alcoholic hepatitis na iya warkewa. Ga cirrhosis, dashen hanta sau da yawa shine kawai zaɓi don rayuwa mai tsawo.
8.
