Jam'iyyar Armeniya mai ra'ayin Turai da ke mulki ta lashe zaɓen majalisar dokoki, wanda ya tabbatar da canjin ƙasar zuwa Turai da nisantar da kawayenta na gargajiya, Rasha.
Sakamakon ƙarshe a ƙaramar ƙasar Kudancin Caucasus ya nuna jam'iyyar Civil Contract ta Firayim Minista Nikol Pashinyan ta sami rinjaye kaɗan, yayin da ƙawancen Strong Armenia, karkashin jagorancin hamshakin attajirin Rasha-Armeniya Samvel Karapetyan, ya sami kashi 25% na kujerun majalisar.
Sakamakon, wanda za a yi maraba da shi a Brussels amma ana kallonsa da damuwa a Moscow, yana ƙarfafa matsayin Pashinyan yayin da yake ci gaba da manufarsa ta musamman kuma mai tsananin siyasa: yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya da abokin hamayyar Armeniya na dogon lokaci Azerbaijan da kuma daidaita dangantaka da Turkiyya.
"Jama'ar Armeniya sun zaɓi zaman lafiya, ci gaban yanki, da haɗin gwiwar yanki, kuma ina fatan wannan zai sami amsa mai kyau daga Turkiyya da Azerbaijan," in ji Pashinyan a hedkwatar yakin neman zaɓensa yayin da sakamakon ya fara fitowa.
Pashinyan ya kara da cewa Armeniya za ta ci gaba da zurfafa dangantaka da Yamma yayin da take ci gaba da kasancewa memba a Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arzikin Eurasian karkashin jagorancin Rasha.
Tsohon ɗan jarida wanda ya hau kan mulki a lokacin juyin juya halin Velvet na 2018 bisa alkawarin wargaza tsarin oligarchic na Armeniya, Pashinyan ya yi yakin neman zaɓe a kan tsarin zaman lafiya. Yana jayayya cewa kawo ƙarshen rikicin da ƙasar ta shafe shekaru da yawa tana yi da makwabtanta zai buɗe damar tattalin arziki, inganta tsaro, da rage dogaro da Rasha.
Firayim Ministan, wanda aka sani da maganganunsa na jama'a kuma wani lokaci masu rarraba, ya nemi kusanci da Turai, yana ba da shawarar cewa makomar Armeniya ta ta'allaka ne a cikin zurfafa haɗin kai da Yamma kuma yana nuna fatan cewa ƙasar za ta iya shiga EU wata rana.
Shugabannin Turai sun yi saurin taya Pashinyan murna. A cikin wani sako a X, Shugabar Hukumar Tarayyar Turai Ursula von der Leyen ta yaba da nasararsa a matsayin shaida na "Armeniya dimokuradiyya" wadda "take kusantowa da Turai." Ta kara da cewa: "Armeniya na iya dogara gare mu."
Pashinyan kuma ya sami goyon baya daga Donald Trump, wanda ya bayyana shi a matsayin "babban aboki kuma shugaba." Amurka ta taka rawar gani sosai a ƙoƙarin samar da yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya tsakanin Armeniya da Azerbaijan.
Zaɓen ranar Lahadi shine zaɓen ƙasa na farko tun bayan da Armeniya ta rasa Nagorno-Karabakh ga Azerbaijan a 2023, wani shan kashi mai raɗaɗi wanda ya kawo ƙarshen mulkin Armeniya na fiye da shekaru talatin a yankin da ake takaddama a kai.
'Yan adawa sun yi ƙoƙarin nuna hasarar a matsayin shaidar gazawar Pashinyan, suna zarge shi da mika ƙasashen Armeniya na tarihi ga abokan gaba.
Pashinyan ya yi ƙoƙarin mayar da batun wata kadara ta siyasa. Yana jayayya cewa neman Armeniya na Karabakh ya jefa ƙasar cikin rikici na dindindin da dogaro da Rasha, ya gabatar da babin mai raɗaɗi a matsayin mafarin dole don makoma mafi aminci da wadata.
Duk da haka, akwai ƙalubale ga Pashinyan, wanda ya kasa samun rinjaye mai yawa da ake buƙata don kiran kuri'ar raba gardama kan gyara kundin tsarin mulki. Wannan ya haɗa da cire nassoshi da Azerbaijan ke cewa suna nuna ikirarin yanki ga Nagorno-Karabakh—wani muhimmin sharadi don sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya ta ƙarshe.
Lilit Mkrtchyan, wata mai shago daga babban birnin, Yerevan, ta ce nasarar Pashinyan za ta kawo "zaman lafiya da kwanciyar hankali ga Armeniya."
"Armeniyawa sun gaji da yaƙi. Muna son zama ƙasa mai buɗe ido, ta Turai wadda ke ci gaba da wadata, inda ba zan damu cewa za a kira ɗana ya yi yaƙi ba," ta kara da cewa.
Hanyar Pashinyan ta sanya shi cikin hangen nesa na Moscow, wadda ta dade tana yin tasiri a siyasar Armeniya da tattalin arzikinta.
Armeniyawa da yawa sun yanke kauna da Rasha bayan da Moscow ta kasa taimaka musu lokacin da Azerbaijan ta kwace Nagorno-Karabakh, duk da cewa sojojin Rasha na zaman lafiya har yanzu suna nan a yankin.
Nikol Pashinyan tare da Vladimir Putin a Moscow, Oktoba 2024, yayin wani taron shekara-shekara da shugabannin tsoffin ƙasashen Soviet suka halarta. Hoton: Getty Images
Sakamakon hakan ya sa Pashinyan ya dakatar da shigar Armeniya a cikin Ƙungiyar Yarjejeniyar Tsaro ta Gama-gari, ƙungiyar ƙasashe shida bayan Soviet da suka haɗa da Rasha. Wannan ya nuna babban rabuwa a dangantaka da Moscow tun bayan da Armeniya ta sami 'yancin kai.
Kafin zaɓen, Shugaban Rasha Vladimir Putin ya ce Armeniya, wadda ba ta nemi shiga EU a hukumance ba, tana bin tafarkin Ukraine.
Jami'an Armeniya da manazarta sun zargi Rasha da ƙoƙarin yin tasiri a zaɓen ta hanyar yada farfaganda da ke goyon bayan 'yan takara masu goyon bayan Rasha, da kuma ƙoƙarin tura Armeniyawan da ke zaune a Rasha su dawo gida don kada kuri'a a kan Pashinyan.
A cikin 'yan makonnin nan, Moscow ta zama mai kai tsaye, ta sanya takunkumin kasuwanci kan abubuwa kamar furanni, kifi, 'ya'yan itace, da brandy na Armeniya.
Da yake sane da dogaron tattalin arzikin Armeniya mai nauyi ga Rasha da kuma dogaronta ga iskar gas mai arha ta Rasha, Pashinyan ya yi alkawari bayan zaɓen zai bi manufofin harkokin waje masu daidaito, yana mai cewa "babu tambayar zaɓi" tsakanin Rasha da Yamma.
Pashinyan ya sami ƙarfafa ta hanyar haɓakar tattalin arziki mai ƙarfi bayan kwararar kasuwancin Rasha da jari bayan mamayewar Ukraine. Wannan ya ba shi damar saka hannun jari sosai a yankunan Armeniya, inda goyon bayansa ya fi ƙarfi.
Duk da haka, masu lura da al'amura sun kuma lura da salon siyasarsa na sirri, da abin da masu suka ke kira da karuwar halayen kama-karya a Armeniya, ƙasar da ta kasance wani keɓantaccen dimokuradiyya a yankin da galibin masu mulki ke tafiyar da shi.
Wani hoton yakin neman zaɓe na Strong Armenia. Jam'iyyar Samvel Karapetyan ta sami kashi 25% na kujerun majalisar. Hoton: Karen Minasyan/AFP/Getty Images
Kafin zaɓen, hukumomin Armeniya sun kama 'yan adawa, ciki har da mambobin jam'iyyar Karapetyan, bisa laifuffuka da suka haɗa da sayen kuri'u, laifukan kuɗi, da kiran hambarar da gwamnati.
An tsare Karapetyan a watan Yuni kuma an tuhume shi da kiran kwace mulki, wanda ya tilasta masa yin yakin neman zaɓe daga gidan yari.
Bayan zaɓen, Pashinyan ya ce babban burin jam'iyyarsa na wa'adi na gaba shi ne wargaza abin da ya kira "tsarin laifuka-oligarchic" gaba ɗaya. Ya kuma ce manyan 'yan adawa ya kamata a gurfanar da su a gaban kotu.
A yakin neman zaɓe, Pashinyan wani lokaci ya zama kamar ba shi da kwanciyar hankali, yana shiga muhawara a bainar jama'a da 'yan gudun hijira daga Nagorno-Karabakh, wadanda ya zarge su da "gudu" daga yankin maimakon su zauna su yi yaƙi.
A halin yanzu, EU ta yi watsi da sukar Pashinyan kuma ta fito fili game da goyon bayanta ga Armeniya ta nisanta daga Moscow. A wannan makon, Brussels ta ba da tallafin farko na Yuro miliyan 50 (£43 miliyan) don taimakawa Armeniya ta jure matsin tattalin arzikin Rasha.
Karen Grigoryan, wani likita wanda ya zabi Karapetyan a ranar Lahadi, ya ce: "Pashinyan ba mutumin da ya kasance lokacin da ya hau mulki ba."
Yana nufin kisan gilla na zamanin Ottoman na Armeniyawa, wanda Yerevan da ƙasashen Yamma da yawa suka gane a matsayin kisan kare dangi, ya kara da cewa: "Ba za mu iya zama abokantaka da Turkiyya kawai mu yi kamar an shafe abin da ya gabata ba."
Masu lura da al'amura sun ce masu jefa kuri'a da yawa sun goyi bayan Pashinyan saboda 'yan adawa har yanzu ba su da amana kuma suna da alaƙa da Rasha. Tatul Hakobyan, wani mashahurin mai sharhi na Armeniya, ya ce: "Jama'a suna zaɓar mafi ƙarancin sharri biyu. Madogaran Pashinyan sun fi muni."
**Tambayoyin da Aka Yi Yawa**
Anan akwai jerin tambayoyin da aka yi yawa game da jam'iyyar Armeniya mai goyon bayan Turai ta lashe zaɓen, an rubuta su cikin yanayi na halitta tare da amsoshi masu sauƙi.
**Tambayoyi na Matakin Farko**
**Tambaya: Menene ya faru a zaɓen Armeniya?**
Amsa: Jam'iyyar siyasa da ke son kusanci da Turai ta sami mafi yawan kuri'u. Wannan yana nufin za su kafa gwamnati mai zuwa.
**Tambaya: Me yasa wannan yake da muhimmanci?**
Amsa: Domin wannan jam'iyyar tana goyon bayan Turai kuma tana son nisantar da tasirin Rasha. Shekaru da yawa Armeniya ta kasance abokiyar Rasha ta kud da kud.
**Tambaya: Shin wannan yana nufin Armeniya za ta bar Rasha gaba ɗaya?**
Amsa: Ba nan take ba. Canji ne a hankali. Sabuwar gwamnati za ta rage dogaro da soja da tattalin arziki ga Rasha yayin da take gina dangantaka mai ƙarfi da Tarayyar Turai.
**Tambaya: Menene goyon bayan Turai ke nufi ga talakawan Armeniya?**
Amsa: Yana iya nufin ƙarin kasuwanci da Turai, sauƙin tafiya, da ƙarin ayyukan yi daga saka hannun jari na Turai. Hakanan yana nufin ƙasar za ta bi ka'idodin Turai game da abubuwa kamar haƙƙin ɗan adam da kasuwanci.
**Tambaya: Yaya Rasha ta yi martani ga wannan sakamakon zaɓen?**
Amsa: Rasha ba ta da daɗi. Suna ganin Armeniya a matsayin babbar abokiyar haɗin gwiwa a yankin kuma suna damuwa game da rasa tasiri. Sun bayyana rashin jin daɗi kuma sun yi gargaɗi game da sakamako mai yuwuwa.
**Tambayoyi na Matakin Tsaka-tsaki**
**Tambaya: Menene sunan jam'iyyar goyon bayan Turai da ta yi nasara?**
Amsa: Jam'iyyar ita ce jam'iyyar Civil Contract karkashin jagorancin Firayim Minista Nikol Pashinyan. Sun sami gagarumin nasara a zaɓen gaggawa na 2021.
**Tambaya: Me yasa Armeniyawa suka zaɓi jam'iyyar goyon bayan Turai?**
Amsa: Armeniyawa da yawa sun zargi Rasha da rashin kare su a lokacin yaƙin 2020 da Azerbaijan kan Nagorno-Karabakh. Sun ji an ci amanar su kuma suna son abokiyar haɗin gwiwa mai aminci kamar EU.
**Tambaya: Wane matakai na zahiri wannan gwamnati za ta ɗauka don nisantar da Rasha?**
Amsa: Za su iya:
- Rage dogaro da sansanonin sojan Rasha
- Neman madadin makamashi da hanyoyin kasuwanci
- Yin aiki don Yarjejeniyar Haɗin gwiwa ta EU ko Yankin Kasuwanci Mai Zurfi da Cikakke
- Shiga umarnin kama na ƙasa da ƙasa da ke nuna shugabannin Rasha
**Tambaya: Shin Armeniya za ta shiga Tarayyar Turai?**
Amsa: Ba nan da nan ba. Manufa ce ta dogon lokaci. Da farko suna buƙatar cika ka'idodin EU game da dimokuradiyya, tattalin arziki, da doka. Nasarar zaɓen ta sa wannan manufa ta zama mai yuwuwa.
