Idan shugaban Amurka ɗan kasuwa ne mai haɓaka gine-gine, za ka iya tsammanin wasu gyare-gyare a babban birnin—wasu gine-gine da za a gyara, wataƙila wasu wuraren shakatawa da za a sake shuka su. Amma idan mutumin da ke kan mulki magini ne mai girman kai, al'amura na iya ɓacewa daga sarrafawa. Shekaru goma da suka wuce, lokacin da aka fara zaɓen Donald Trump, na yi mamakin abin da zai nufi ga Amurka idan wani attajirin gidaje wanda aikinsa ya bar alkawuran da ba a cika ba, masu siye da suka fusata, da ƙararraki marasa iyaka—wani wanda ya ƙi bin ƙa'idoji, ya tattake gadon tarihi, kuma ya cika duniya da hasumiyoyi masu buri da aka lulluɓe da siririn mayafin alatu. Gaskiyar ta fi yadda na iya tsammani muni.
Kamar wani mabiyi na Hollywood mai ban tsoro, wa'adin Trump na biyu ya saki ainihin burinsa na gine-gine: The Blingpire Strikes Back. A matsayin shugaban ado na Amurka da ya naɗa kansa, Trump ba wai kawai ya kula da lalata Fadar White House da zinari ba, har ma ya fara mayar da Washington DC kanta kamar Mar-a-Lago—yana shafa buroshin zinarinsa a kan mutum-mutumi, yana rufe tafkuna da murfin wanka mai gyaɗewa, kuma yana shirya wata babbar baka ta nasara, duk an same su ta hanyar kwangiloli marasa gasa. Kuma, kamar ainihin ɗan kasuwa mai yaudara, wannan shirin na gina kayan ado yana zama babban abin da ke jawo hankali daga zurfin lalacewar da ake yi a wani wuri.
Idan gwamnati tana so ta rushe Statue of Liberty, babu abin da za a iya yi.
Babban ɗakin liyafa na Fadar White House mai kumbura shi ne aikin da ya fi zama alama na mulkin Trump ya zuwa yanzu—wani ɗakin ajiya mai cike da chandeliers a sikelin da zai sa Ceaușescu ya ji kunya. Yana tsaye kamar wainar aure da aka yi mata ƙanƙara da yawa a kan wani buker na kankare mai matakai da yawa, wani kayan zaki ne mai girman kai wanda ke ɓoye zurfin tsoro: wani ɗakin firgita da aka naɗe da alatu inda wani mai mulki da aka kewaye zai iya ɓoyewa.
Duba hoto a cikakken allo. Abin da ke ƙasa … ɗakin liyafar yana ɓoye cikakken rukunin soja, ciki har da asibiti. Hoto: McCrery Architects/Fadar White House.
"Ba zai tsoma baki da ginin da ke yanzu ba," Trump ya yi alkawari a watan Yulin da ya gabata lokacin da ya sanar da shirye-shiryen. "Ba zai taɓa shi ba." Zai zaunar da baƙi 650 kuma zai ci dala miliyan 200, wanda gudummawar masu zaman kansu za su bayar. Ƙasa da watanni uku bayan haka, ba tare da jiran amincewar majalisa ba, ya rushe reshen Gabas mai tarihi kuma ya jefa tarkacen a wani filin wasan golf na jama'a da ke kusa (wanda shi ma yake shirin sake haɓakawa). Ɗakin liyafar ya kumbura, kamar an yi masa allurar maganin karin nauyi cikin sauri, don ya zaunar da 1,000 a cikin wani gini sau uku girman Fadar White House. Farashin kuma ya ninka sau uku zuwa dala miliyan 600, wanda aƙalla rabinsa masu biyan haraji za su ɗauka yanzu.
Trump ya yi alfahari cewa ɗakin liyafarsa zai fi Versailles kyau, amma yana kama da wani abu da aka haɗa daga kwandon yankan gargajiya, ba tare da la'akari da yadda sassan suka dace ba. "Yana da duk motsin zuciyar da ba a tsara ba na gargajiya," wani tsohon jami'in Hukumar Fasaha Mai Kyau (CFA) ya gaya mini, "amma ba a haɗa su ta hanyar da za ta yi ma'ana ba."
Wani matakala mai ban mamaki na bikin yana kaiwa zuwa babu inda. Wata babbar ƙofar da aka yi mata pediment an tura ta zuwa wani gefen facade na gabas. Ginshiƙan portico suna gudana layi huɗu zurfi ("Kotun Koli tana da zurfi uku," Trump ya lura. "Babu wani gini da yake da shi, kuma na yi shi saboda yana da ban mamaki.") Ma'aunin ɗakin liyafar ya ɓace sosai har zai sa Fadar White House ta yi kama da kaguwa mai karkata, ƙarin ɓangaren da ya kumbura ya zarce ainihin ginin sosai.
Duba hoto a cikakken allo. Ba daidai launin tuta ba … tafkin da ke nuna Lincoln Memorial. Hoto: Aaron Schwartz/Reuters.
Girman da ya kumbura ya yi yawa ga magininsa, James McCrery II mai sanye da bowtie, wanda ya nuna rashin amincewa da yanayin Frankenstein da ke ƙara shiga cikin bayanan gargajiya da ake amfani da su. Sai Shalom Baranes ya shigo, wanda kamfaninsa na DC ya gudanar da kwangilolin tarayya na biliyoyin daloli, ciki har da gyaran Pentagon bayan harin 11 ga Satumba.
Kwarewar Baranes da wuraren da aka ƙarfafa ta zo da amfani, ganin cewa aikin ya rikide zuwa abin da Trump yanzu ke kira "The Magnificent Ballroom and Military Complex." Zauren bikin, shugaban ya tabbatar a watan Maris, "da gaske ya zama rumfa ga abin da ake ginawa a ƙarƙashinsa" – wato buker na soja mai hawa shida, cikakke da cibiyar umarni da ayyukan gaggawa, cikakken asibitin soja, cibiyoyin sadarwa masu tsaro da ɗakunan yanayi, duk ana amfani da su ta hanyar tsarin sarrafa iska na musamman da tacewa don kariya daga barazanar halittu, sinadarai da rediyo. "An yi shi ne idan akwai harin nukiliya," Trump ya yi alfahari. "Simintin ya yi ƙarfi sosai, ban tabbata za a iya rushe shi ba." Bayan babban cornice, rufin ɗakin liyafar zai ƙunshi tashar jiragen sama marasa matuƙa na soja da tsarin makami mai linzami na kariya ta iska. Hotuna sun nuna yana kama da jirgin ruwan yaƙi da ke ajiye kusa da Fadar White House. A cikin salon newspeak na Trump, aikin ya tashi daga zama wurin nishaɗin manyan baki zuwa "tsarin Tsaron Ƙasa da ake buƙata sosai" wanda dole ne a kammala shi ko ta yaya. Bayan hukunce-hukuncen kotu sun dakatar da ginin, Kotun Koli ta shiga kwanan nan don ba da izinin ci gaba – ko da yake, abin lura, hukuncin bai yi magana kan halaccin aikin ba. Amma tambayoyi a kotuna sun bayyana yadda mataimakan Trump suke ganin mulkinsa na cikakken iko ya miƙe. "Idan gwamnati ta yanke shawara, da sauri, ta rushe Statue of Liberty," wani alkali ya tambaya, "babu abin da za a iya yi?" Wani lauya na gwamnatin ya amsa: "Ina tsammanin haka ne, eh." Duba hoto a cikakken allo. Abin sha ga kowa … ginin yana ci gaba a kan helipad-cum-cocktail patio a farfajiyar kudancin Fadar White House. Hoto: Julia Demaree Nikhinson/AP Hakazalika ana ƙoƙarin tilasta aiwatar da babban aikin shugaban na biyu na girman kai, babbar baka ta nasara mai girman giwa. An sanar da ita a hankali a watan Oktoban da ya gabata, tare da nuna samfuran da aka buga ta 3D kamar kayan tunawa marasa inganci a cikin Ofishin Oval. An shirya ta tsaya ƙafa 250 sama da Memorial Circle, wani babban zagaye a tsibirin Columbia a cikin kogin Potomac na DC – ƙafa 1 ga kowace shekara ta 'yancin Amurka. Amma babu wani shakku game da abin da ginin da ke zuwa da gaske yake girmamawa. Lokacin da aka tambaye shi, Trump kawai ya amsa: "Ni." Zai "zama BABBAR kuma MAFI KYAU Baka ta Nasara," ya yi alfahari a kan kafofin watsa labarun, "a ko'ina cikin Duniya". Ya ambaci misalan Romawa da "wanda ke Paris", yana ƙara cewa nasa "zai zarce ta ta kowace hanya". Abin mamaki, ganin ƙaunarsa ga mulkin Koriya ta Arewa, ya manta ya ambaci Baka ta Nasara ta Pyongyang, wadda aka gina a 1982 don bikin cika shekaru 70 na Kim Il Sung. An lulluɓe ta da tubalan granite fari mai walƙiya 25,500, ɗaya ga kowace rana ta rayuwar Kim, babban dutsen da ke samansa ya fi na Trump tsayi mita 10 (ko da yake nasa an yi masa mutum-mutumi don ƙarin mita 25 na tsayin girman kai). Triumphbogen na Hitler, wanda kuma ba a ambata ba, zai ninka girman. Don taimakawa wasan kwaikwayonsa na Napoleon, shugaban ya ɗauki Harrison Design, masu sayar da manyan gidaje masu ƙawa daga Atlanta zuwa LA, tare da aikin baka wanda Nicolas Charbonneau, shugaban ɓangaren Sacred Architecture Studio na kamfanin, ke jagoranta. Charbonneau ya fara zana ra'ayin ne don kwatanta wata kasida ta Afrilu 2025 ta mai suka mai ra'ayin mazan jiya Catesby Leigh, mai taken Washington Needs an Arch. Ta ba da shawarar wani tsari mai girman ƙafa 60. Trump ya sami ra'ayin kuma, tare da sha'awarsa marar iyaka na ƙara girma, ya ƙara shi sau huɗu.
Duba hoto a cikakken allo. Yana zarce Fadar White House … ɗakin liyafar zai sami tashar jiragen sama marasa matuƙa a rufinsa. Hoto: Kevin Lamarque/Reuters Kamar yadda yake da ɗakin liyafar-buker, baka ta zama babba kuma ta cika da kayan ado na zinari – a wata kalma, ta fi Trump – yayin da take ci gaba. Ƙarshen ƙirar, wanda aka bayyana a watan Afrilun nan, tana da Lady Liberty mai fukafukan zinari mai ƙafa 60 da ke tsiro daga samansa kamar babban kayan ado na wainar, tare da gaggafa biyu masu kiba a gefe. Har ma abokan Trump sun ba da shawarar cewa za a iya daidaita ƙirar. A wani bita na CFA, McCrery, maginin ɗakin liyafar na farko, ya ba da shawarar cire zakuna huɗu na zinari daga gindin baka. "Suna da daraja, suna da ƙarfin hali, kuma suna da ƙarfi," ya lura. Amma "ba su daga wannan nahiyar ba." Baka ya kamata ya yi bikin nasarorin Amurka kawai—kuma wannan ya haɗa da dabbobi.
Labarin tafkin da ke nuna na Trump: jerin lokaci na gazawa da nuna yatsa
Ma'aikatar Kula da Wuraren Shakatawa ta Ƙasa ta yanke shawarar cewa aikin zai "yi mummunan tasiri" ga wuraren tarihi da dama a kusa da DC, kuma ƙungiyar tsoffin sojojin Vietnam sun shigar da ƙara suna jayayya cewa baka zai zama "nunin mulki" maras so, tare da benen kallo da ke rataye a kan makabartar ƙasa ta Arlington. Babu ɗayan waɗannan da ya zama cikas, kuma ana shirin fara tono nan ba da jimawa ba.
Aikin farko ba ya nuna alheri. An gina wani samfurin baka don Babban Bikin Jihar Amurka a watan Yuli, an yi shi da plywood da aka naɗe da vinyl fari. Ya lanƙwasa saboda zafi, samansa ya karkata kuma ya bare, yayin da kumfa mai faɗaɗawa ta malala daga cornice ɗinsa mai karkata. Nan take aka yi masa laƙabi da Temu arch—lakabi da ya dace, ganin cewa kayan ado na Ofishin Oval na Trump da alama sun fito daga kasuwar yanar gizo ta China Alibaba.
Ɗakin liyafar da baka sun sami dubban daruruwan ƙin yarda daga jama'a, amma an hanzarta duka ayyukan biyu ta hanyar tsarin. Kamar yadda wani tsohon jami'in CFA ya gaya mini, ya kasance "ba a saba gani ba" cewa ƙirar farko ta sami amincewar ƙarshe ba tare da an warware cikakkun bayanai ba. Ɗakin liyafar ya ɗauki minti 12 kawai na tattaunawa. Kuma ya kafa sautin abin da ke zuwa. Babu abin da ɗan kasuwa mai haɓaka gine-gine ya fi ƙi kamar jan tef, kuma Trump ya yi alkawarin sauƙaƙa ƙa'idoji gaba ɗaya. Bayan hanzarta wautarsa ta DC, sauye-sauyen da aka tsara za su sauƙaƙa hanyar haƙo rijiyoyi, shimfiɗa bututu, da gina cibiyoyin bayanai, duk da sunan "maido da gadon tarihin Amurka mai alfahari a matsayin al'ummar magina."
Duba hoto a cikakken allo
Zinari, zinari, ko'ina … Trump a Ofishin Oval. Hoto: Saul Loeb/AFP/Getty Images
Abin da duk rikice-rikicen da ke tattare da waɗannan ayyukan ganima ya ɓoye shi ne gaskiyar cewa gwamnatin ta matsa don raunana kariya ga gine-ginen tarihi da shimfidar wurare sosai, tana sakin injin birki na ci gaba a duk faɗin ƙasar. Sauye-sauyen da za a yi wa Sashe na 106 na Dokar Kiyaye Tarihin Ƙasa za su taƙaita ma'anar wuraren tarihi, su ware la'akari da tasirin "na gani, na yanayi, ko na ji" na ayyuka a kan wuraren tarihi, kuma su rage buƙatun tuntuɓar kabilun asali da jama'a. Kamar yadda Brent Leggs, shugaban National Trust for Historic Preservation, ya lura, zai "lalata kiyaye gadonmu na jama'a da al'adu a Amurka."
Abin ba'a ba zai iya bayyana sosai ba. Trump yana yin magana mai girma game da ci gaba da al'adar gina abubuwan tunawa ta Amurka yayin da yake raunana hanyoyin da suka wanzu don kare gadon ƙasar. Duk da haka, ta hanyar yanke waɗannan kariyar, aƙalla yana buɗe hanya don ƙarin nasa abubuwan da za a rushe da sauri kamar yadda aka gina su.
'Jin daɗin mai mulki na rayuwa': mai sukar gine-ginenmu kan kayan ado na ɗakin liyafar Trump mai hana harsashi
Ganin ingancin ginin ya zuwa yanzu, masu rushewa nan gaba ba za su buƙaci taimako mai yawa ba. Tafkin da ke nuna Lincoln Memorial yanzu an kwashe shi a karo na biyu, bayan murfin da aka yi amfani da shi a gyaran farko na dala miliyan 15 ya fara gyaɗewa cikin kwanaki bayan kammalawa. Duk da sabon tsarin tacewa da aka yi niyya don kiyaye ruwan a cikin inuwar "American Flag Blue" mai tsabta, manyan furannin algae sun mai da shi koren fadama da sauri. Yayin da Trump ya zargi ɓarnata, takardun shari'a na Ma'aikatar Shari'a daga ƙarshe sun yarda cewa gazawar ta kasance saboda gyaran "cikin gaggawa da ɓarna". "Ina da wani mutum wanda ba a yarda da shi ba wajen yin wuraren wanka," Trump ya yi alfahari, kafin ya ba da kwangilar mara gasa ga wani kamfani da ya yi aiki a Virginia. A wani wuri a babban birnin, shirin "Safe and Beautiful" ya kashe dala miliyan 76 kan maɓuɓɓugan ruwa, dala miliyan 5 kan yi wa mutum-mutumin dawakai biyu ado da zinari—The Arts of War da The Arts of Peace—da dala 500,000 kan wani tudu guda ɗaya na mutum-mutumin wani fitaccen mai bautar da aka cire daga Delaware a lokacin zanga-zangar Black Lives Matter. Waɗannan kaɗan ne daga cikin sauye-sauyen kamanni da yawa da aka yi da sunan tsaftace "ramin najasa" na DC.
Ɗaya daga cikin manyan ayyukan zai kasance National Garden of American Heroes, wanda aka ware dala miliyan 40 dominsa. A cewar Umarnin Zartarwa 13978, wannan wurin shakatawa na mutum-mutumi 250 zai "nuna girman ban mamaki na fifikonmu na har abada" don mayar da martani ga "yunkurin rashin hankali na shafe jarumanmu, dabi'u da dukan hanyar rayuwarmu." Adadin da za a tuna da su sun haɗa da masu bautar da wasu waɗanda aka rushe mutum-mutuminsu bayan kisan George Floyd. Masana sassaka sun kira jadawalin da aka tsara "wanda ba zai yiwu ba kwata-kwata" kuma sun ce zai iya haifar da ayyukan "na gaggawa da marasa ƙwarin gwiwa," suna ba da shawara cewa wurin da kawai yake da masana'antun da za su iya kammala aikin wannan girman da saurin shine China. Alibaba, shirya!
Haushin gini na Trump ya mamaye komai. Yana amfani da taron manema labarai don nuna sabbin gyare-gyarensa kuma ya ce gini shine abin "nishaɗi" da yake yi don shakatawa—tsakanin sace shugabannin Kudancin Amurka, bam a Gabas ta Tsakiya, da cin zarafin Greenland. Amma masu ciki a Fadar White House sun ce sha'awarsa ta warkewa ta zama fifikon manufofin, tana shanye kuzari da albarkatun gwamnatin.
Tebur na Resolute bai taɓa ganin samfura da kayan ado da yawa ba—ko marmara don bandakin Lincoln, labulen zinari don ɗakin Gabas, ko kayan shimfiɗa na "rayuwar shekaru miliyan" don hanyar mota—jerin siyayyar Fadar White House wanda yanzu ya zarce dala miliyan 900. Ofishin Oval yana kama da ɗakin nunin ɗan kasuwa mai haɓaka gine-gine, kwanan nan yana nuna samfurin mita biyu na gyaran da Trump ya yi na dala biliyan 22 na filin jirgin sama na Dulles, cikakke da rufin madubi na zinari da "babban gareji a duniya."
Yayin da masu mulkin kama-karya ke kusantar ƙarshensu, haka suke ƙara gina da hauka. Nero ya fara wani fada na zinari kafin a kai shi kashe kansa. Marie Antoinette ta gina wani ƙaramin ƙauye kafin a yanke mata kai. Hitler ya duba tsare-tsaren gine-gine a cikin buker ɗinsa a kwanakinsa na ƙarshe. Trump ya binne cikin kasidun kayan aiki da kayan ado, yana shagaltuwa da duba ingancin aikin helipad-cum-cocktail patio ɗinsa, yayin da ƙasar ke rugujewa a kusa da shi.
Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi
Ga jerin tambayoyin da ake yawan yi game da sauye-sauyen gine-gine da ayyukan gadon da aka tsara a Washington DC musamman mai da hankali kan nuna girman kai na gadon Trump
1 Menene ake nufi da lalata Washington DC a wannan mahallin
Yana nufin sukar cewa ayyukan gine-ginen da aka yi kwanan nan da waɗanda aka tsara a babban birnin—musamman waɗanda ke da alaƙa da Donald Trump—suna ba da fifiko ga gina gadon sirri mai girma fiye da kyawun tarihi da bukatun aiki na birnin
2 Menene babban aikin baka da ake tattaunawa
Wata baka ta nasara ce da aka tsara wadda ake kwatantawa da Arc de Triomphe a Paris Masu suka suna jayayya cewa aikin girman kai ne da aka tsara don tabbatar da wani gadon siyasa na musamman maimakon yin hidimar manufar jama'a mai amfani
3 Menene buker mai hana nukiliya da aka ambata a taken
Wannan yana nufin shawarwari ko gyare-gyare na wurare masu tsaro na ƙasa mai zurfi waɗanda ake yawan tattaunawa game da ci gaban gwamnati Masu suka suna kallon matsanancin ƙarfafa babban birnin a matsayin alamar wuce gona da iri da rashin alaƙa da jama'a gaba ɗaya
4 Me ya sa ake kallon waɗannan ayyukan a matsayin bala'in gine-gine
Masu suka suna amfani da wannan kalmar saboda sun yi imanin ƙirar ta saba wa jituwar neoclassical na National Mall da abubuwan tunawa da ke kewaye da su sau da yawa suna watsi da shigar da hukumomin bitar gine-gine da aka kafa
5 Wanene ke yanke shawarar abin da za a gina a Washington DC
Manyan gine-gine a babban birnin yawanci hukumomin tarayya ne ke kula da su kamar National Capital Planning Commission da Commission of Fine Arts waɗanda ke bitar ƙira don tabbatar da cewa sun dace da halin tarihi na birnin
6 Menene gina gado a gine-gine
Gina gado shine lokacin da shugaba ya ba da umarnin manyan gine-gine don tabbatar da cewa an tuna da shi da kyau a tarihi sau da yawa yana ba da fifiko ga shahararsa fiye da bukatun aiki ko kasafin kuɗi na birnin
7 Shin shugaba zai iya gina babbar baka a DC ba tare da izini ba
A'a Dokar tarayya tana buƙatar cikakken bita da tuntuɓar jama'a Duk da haka shugaba na iya yin tasiri sosai kan waɗannan hanyoyin ko ba da shawarar ayyukan da suka tsallake ƙa'idodin gargajiya
8 Menene babbar hujja da ake yi wa waɗannan ayyukan
Babbar hujja ita ce cewa suna da girman kai da ɓarna kuma suna lalata kyawun tsarin da aka tsara na Washington DC wanda ya kamata ya zama alamar manufofin dimokuradiyya ba na masu mulki ɗaya ba
