A cikin shekaru 102 masu ban mamaki, Sonja Ibermann Cowan ba ta da sha'awar ɓata lokacinta. Akwai jikoki masu ban sha'awa da za ta rera musu waƙa, abinci mai daɗi da za ta ci tare da 'ya'yanta mata uku da take ƙauna, da kuma bikin manyan bukukuwa masu muhimmanci tare da limamin addininta na Melbourne, wanda ke ziyartarta a gida. Shekaru biyar da suka wuce, ta yanke shawarar kashe wani ɓangare na wannan lokaci mai daraja don kulla abota da ni, a Berlin, inda aka haife ta.
Rashin jin daɗi na cutar ta COVID-19 ya taimaka sosai. Ta kasance a gida a ƙarƙashin ƙuntatawa masu tsauri fiye da yadda muke da su a Jamus—Sonja ta yi wasa da cewa an "eingesperrt" (kulle)—ita da danginta na kusa suka fara mai da hankali kan abubuwan da suka gabata. Jikanta Benjamin Preiss, ɗan jarida a jaridar Australiya The Age, ya fara wani babban aikin bincike don gano asirin rayuwar Sonja da kisan mahaifiyarta da 'yar'uwarta a lokacin Holocaust.
Shi ya sa na sami saƙo mai ban mamaki daga Benjamin a watan Yuli 2020. Ya karanta wani rubutu da na rubuta shekaru uku da suka wuce, wanda ya ambaci 'yar'uwar kakarsa Lotte da kuma kakar kakarsa Taube. Benjamin ya gaya mini cewa kakarsa Sonja, ƙanwar Lotte, tana raye, tana da lafiya, kuma tana son yin magana. Na yi mamaki.
'Yan makonni kafin haka, mahaifiyar Benjamin Sandra ta ci karo da wannan rubutun na. Na rubuta shi bayan rantsar da Donald Trump ta farko, game da tunanin tarihi a babban birnin Jamus a tafiyata zuwa aiki. Ramukan harsasai da suka rage daga Yaƙin Berlin a Tsibirin Museum, tabo daga harsasai a gine-gine a Jami'ar Humboldt, da kuma abubuwan tunawa manya da ƙanana ga waɗanda suka sha wahala daga ta'addancin Nazi—Ina so in bincika ko, kamar yadda yawancin al'ummomin Jamus bayan yaƙi suka yi iƙirari, kiyaye mafi duhun surori na tarihin ƙasarku a gidanku yana taimaka wa 'yan ƙasa a yau daga tsattsauran ra'ayi.
Allunan Stolpersteine suna kawo girman kisan gillar Nazi zuwa matakin ɗan adam.
Mafi ƙarfi daga cikin waɗannan abubuwan tunawa sune Stolpersteine (duwatsun tuntuɓe): ƙananan allunan tagulla da aka sanya a kan titi a gaban gidajen da aka san waɗanda Holocaust ya shafa a ƙarshe. Kowanne yana da rubutu bayyananne mai suna, ranar haihuwa, ranar korar, da kuma, idan an sani, ranar da wurin mutuwa. A matsayina na ɗan jarida, na rubuta sau da yawa game da duwatsun tuntuɓe, aikin rayuwar mai zane Gunter Demnig, wanda galibi ake kira mafi girman aikin tunawa na tushen jama'a a duniya. Yanzu akwai alluna sama da 100,000 a cikin ƙasashen Turai 31, waɗanda aka keɓe ga waɗanda suka sha wahala waɗanda, galibi, ba su da kabari da aka yiwa alama. Stolpersteine suna kawo girman kisan gillar Nazi wanda ba a iya tunaninsa ba zuwa matakin ɗan adam, yayin da masu wucewa suka sunkuya a gabansu don yin la'akari da makomar mutum ɗaya. Biyu suna kwance a gaban gidana a tsakiyar Berlin. An keɓe su ga mahaifiyar Sonja Taube Ibermann, wacce aka sani da Toni, da kuma babbar 'yar Toni Lotte. Ni da mijina na Jamus Hilmar mun dage sosai kan goge su tsawon shekaru, wata ƙaramar alama ce don girmama waɗannan baƙi waɗanda, a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, da sun kasance maƙwabtanmu. Da saƙon Benjamin, duwatsun sun fara rayuwa.
Tattaunawata ta farko da Sonja ta faru a watan Satumba 2020, a kan kiran Zoom na kulle-kulle wanda ba kamar kowa ba. Ta hanyar babbar 'yar Sonja Lorraine, wacce ke zaune da ita, mun shirya yin magana a ranar Lahadi kafin lokacin barci na Sonja a Melbourne kuma bayan karin kumallo a Berlin. Sandra da Benjamin suka shiga tattaunawar, duka biyu saboda sha'awar kare ta, daga baya suka gaya mini, da kuma fatan cewa za ta iya buɗe wa baƙo da ke kira daga tsohon garinta game da ɓangarorin yarinta da ba a bayyana ba da kuma tafiyarta ta ƙarshe zuwa Burtaniya a matsayin matashiya.
Sonja ta bayyana a kan allo da murmushi mai haske da ɗanɗanon lipstick mai ruwan hoda: mai dogaro da kai, mai mai da hankali, kuma tana kallon aƙalla shekaru ashirin ƙasa da shekarunta. Tana da shekaru 97, jinta da ƙwaƙwalwarta suna da ƙarfi kamar koyaushe, kuma tana da ban dariya mai ban dariya, wanda nan take ya nuna ta a matsayin 'yar Berlin ta gaske. Yayin da muke magana, ta yi dariya game da yunkurina na furta sunan titin Stallschreiberstraße (ci gaba, gwada shi), inda ta yi makaranta na ɗan lokaci. Ta lura a hankali, "Ba ni da sauran lokaci da yawa. Don haka ina rayuwa daga rana zuwa rana, musamman yanzu, yayin da nake eingesperrt" – don kare lafiyarta. "Babu rawa!" ta yi wasa. Lafazin nata na Jamusanci-Scottish na musamman lokacin magana da Ingilishi, tare da ɗan ƙaramin sautin Australiya, ya bi diddigin tafiyarta mai rikitarwa.
A cikin tattaunawarmu a lokacin cutar ta COVID-19 da kuma bayan haka, ni da Sonja mun sami alaƙa mai sauƙi da annashuwa. Ta ba da labarinta na ban mamaki, yayin da na yi tambayoyi a hankali, na kula kada in matsa sosai don cikakkun bayanai. Mun yarda cewa za ta sanar da ni idan wani abu ya yi zafi sosai don tattaunawa. "Kuna yin tambayoyin da suka dace," ta gaya mini a lokacin tattaunawarmu ta farko. "Na gode da sha'awar ku game da shi." 'Ya'yanta da jikokinta sukan shiga tare da mu, suna kiranta da Bubbe – Yiddish don kaka. Suna zaune, suna sha'awar, suna sauraron labarunta na tsoro, tserewa, baƙin ciki, da farin ciki mai ban mamaki a tsakanin dukan baƙin ciki mai raɗaɗi.
An haifi Sonja a Berlin a shekara ta 1923, ɗaya daga cikin 'ya'ya mata uku na Yahudawa masu lura da addini daga Poland, Leib "Leo" Ibermann da Toni Ibermann, née Rosler. Iyayenta suna magana da Yiddish a gida, kuma Jamusancinsu yana da lafazin Gabashin Turai mai kauri, wanda ya nuna su a matsayin baƙi.
Kafin a haifi ƙanwar Sonja Ursel, Leo, mai siyarwa, ya mutu sakamakon bugun zuciya yana da shekaru 29 kawai, ya bar Toni mai ciki don tallafa wa iyalin matasa a matsayin mai ɗinki. "Ba ni da rayuwa mai kyau sosai a matsayina na yaro," in ji Sonja cikin yanayin gaskiya.
Dangi masu arziki a garin sun taimaka idan za su iya, suna barin Sonja da danginta su yi amfani da bahon su mai ruwan zafi maimakon wuraren wanka na jama'a. Wata rana, wani kawu ya ba su gramophone – abin farin ciki ga Sonja mai son kiɗa – amma tunda bai dace da wutar lantarki a ɓangaren garinsu ba, dole ne ta juya faifan da yatsa don su yi wasa.
Akwai hoto na ban mamaki na 'ya'yan mata uku sanye da rigunan jirgin ruwa – tufafin yara na zamani a lokacin – wanda mahaifiyarsu ta ɗinka. An jera su da tsayi, kamar bututun organ, kamar yadda maganar Jamus ta ce. Yayin da ɗan tsakiya Sonja ta riƙe hannun Lotte, babbar 'yar'uwarta ta kalli kyamara, idanunta masu duhu suna kallo da yanayin tsaro.
Adolf Hitler ya hau mulki lokacin da Sonja tana da shekaru tara; tashin Nazis ba da daɗewa ba ya yi tasiri kai tsaye a rayuwarta matashiya. A cikin 'yan shekaru, makarantar jama'a da take ƙauna ta kore ta da sauran yaran Yahudawa ba tare da gargadi ba. Fushinta har yanzu yana bayyana fiye da shekaru tamanin bayan haka, amma Sonja, kamar yadda ta saba yi a rayuwa, kawai ta ci gaba.
Ta yi rajista a makarantar Yahudawa a filin kyakkyawan masallacin Rykestraße a gundumar Prenzlauer Berg, inda ta sami sabuwar al'umma ta yara da malamai. Kwanan nan, mun yi magana game da wasu magungunan jiki da ta yi bayan zama a asibiti, kuma ta ce ya tuna mata da "beugen und strecken" (lankwasa da mikewa) da ta koya a azuzuwan motsa jiki na Berlin duk waɗannan shekarun da suka wuce, tana dariya yayin da take nuna mana a kan kyamara.
Toni ba ta iya ɗaukar Sonja daga makaranta sau da yawa, galibi tana dawowa daga aiki sa'o'i bayan duhu, don haka Lotte, wacce ta fi Sonja shekara ɗaya, dole ne ta ɗauki ayyukan uwa. Sonja ta tuna Lotte tana jiran ta wata rana bayan makaranta da kwakwa a hannunta, don su raba madararta ta hanyar bambaro a kan hanyar gida. "Tana da kyawawan idanuwa manya, murmushi mai kyau, kuma koyaushe tana sanye da 'yan kunne, har ma tana jaririya," in ji Sonja.
Amma tafiya gida daga filin masallacin ba da daɗewa ba ta zama haɗari saboda suna bayyana a matsayin Yahudawa. Ƙungiyoyin Hitler Youth, waɗanda suka sami ƙarfin hali, suna yawo a tituna suna cin zarafin manya da matasa. "Lokacin da muka ga Nazis suna tafiya, muna ɓuya a bayan manyan ƙofofin gine-gine," in ji Sonja. "Ba mu so mu ce, 'Heil Hitler.'"
Rikicin Kristallnacht a ranakun 9-10 ga Nuwamba 1938 ya ƙara matsa wa Yahudawan Jamus. An tara daruruwan maza aka tura su sansanonin taro, kuma an yi wa kasuwancin Yahudawa a unguwar fashi da lalata. Na sami hotunan tarihi, waɗanda gidauniyar Centrum Judaicum ta tattara, suna nuna shagunan da muka sani a yankinmu da aka lalata da rubutun kyamar Yahudawa.
[Hoto: Ursula, Toni, Lotte da Sonja a 1939, kafin a tura Ursula zuwa Burtaniya. Hoto: Godiya ga Sonja Cowan]
Da sanin cewa Jamus Nazi ba ta da lafiya, Toni ta riga ta fito da wani shiri don ceto danginta. A lokacin Kristallnacht, ta riga ta aika Sonja zuwa sansanin horon noma a karkarar Steckelsdorf, wanda ƙungiyar matasa ta Yahudawa Bachad ta kafa (gajarta a Ibrananci don Ƙungiyar Majagaba na Addini). Wani ɗan kasuwa na Berlin ya ba da gidan farauta da babban gandun daji a karkara ga al'ummar Yahudawa, wanda ya zama zuciyar sansanin.
Ko da yake yaro ne na birni, Sonja ta ji daɗin azuzuwan noma a Steckelsdorf, inda ta sami wani rukunin abokai a ƙarƙashin sararin samaniyar yankin Brandenburg. "Ina son shi. Koyaushe muna hawa bishiyoyi don ɗebo cherries," in ji ta. Wata rana a kan hanyar karkara, wani jami'in SS a kan babur ya yi kuskure ya ɗauke ta a matsayin memba na BDM, reshen 'yan mata na Hitler Youth, kuma ya ba ta hawa. Kamar yadda ta saba, Sonja ta ɗan yi tunani game da doguwar tafiya da ke gaba, sannan ta yi tsalle a baya ta riƙe da ƙarfi.
A shekara ta 1938, al'ummar duniya sun san matsin lamba na Nazis akan Yahudawa. Ƙungiyoyin Yahudawa a Turai da Amurka sun yi ƙoƙarin ceto aƙalla ƙanana ta hanyar tambayar gwamnatoci su karɓi yara 'yan gudun hijira a kan biza na wucin gadi. Kimanin 10,000 aka kawo su Burtaniya ta jirgin ƙasa da jirgin ruwa a matsayin wani ɓangare na shirin Kindertransport, amma dole ne su bar iyayensu da sauran dangin manya a baya zuwa ga makoma mara tabbas.
'Yar Toni ta ƙarami, Ursel, ta zauna a gidan marayu a kusa da Auguststraße na yawancin yarinta saboda mahaifiyarta ba ta iya biyan kuɗin ajiye ta a gida, kodayake tana ziyartar iyalin sau da yawa. A watan Mayu 1939, Ursel mai ruhi ta tsere daga Jamus a jirgin ƙasa zuwa Burtaniya. Watanni uku bayan haka, Sonja ta sami labari a Steckelsdorf cewa tana cikin "jerin masu haɗari" na al'ummar Yahudawa a Brandenburg, tare da wasu masu horo uku, kuma dole ne ta tattara kayanta cikin gaggawa.
A ranar 10 ga Agusta 1939, Sonja ta biyo baya a kan Kindertransport na 28 zuwa Ingila. Tana da shekaru 16, mafi girman shekaru don cancanta. A yau, ta yi watsi da duk wani ra'ayi cewa fara sabuwar rayuwa a wata ƙasa da ba a sani ba tare da harshen waje yana buƙatar jaruntaka. "Ni mutum ne mai karɓar komai," ta gaya mini, tana ɗaga kafaɗunta. "Ina ɗaukar komai a hankali."
[Hoto: 'Ina jin haushi lokacin da na ga rahotanni a talabijin game da sansanonin taro, irin wannan abu,' in ji Sonja. 'Har yanzu yana ciwo.' Hoto: Charlie Kinross/The Guardian]
Bankwana da Sonja da Toni a tashar Friedrichstraße a rana mai dumi da gajimare ya kasance mai ban mamaki kamar na kasuwanci: musafaha mai ƙarfi daga mahaifiyarta, tare da alkawarin cewa dangin za su sake haɗuwa a Palestine. Shi ne lokaci na ƙarshe da suka ga juna.
Wasiku daga 1939 da 1940, waɗanda dangin Sonja suka gano ta hanyar mu'ujiza shekaru da yawa bayan haka, sun nuna ainihin zafin rabuwarsu kuma sun nuna cewa natsuwar Toni a kan dandali wani gaba ne mai ƙarfi don dalilin 'yarta. A kusan kowane wasiƙa zuwa ga Sonja da Ursel, Toni ta roƙi labari game da rayuwarsu a Burtaniya: "Don Allah ku rubuta mini komai dalla-dalla." Ta rubuta wa Sonja: "Gaisuwa mai yawa da sumba daga mahaifiyarku da take ƙaunarku."
Yayin da ƙananan 'yan matan suka sami damar tserewa zuwa Burtaniya, 'yar'uwarsu Lotte ta riga ta girma daga shirin Kindertransport kuma ta zauna tare da Toni. Kusan lokacin da Sonja ta tafi, sun ƙaura zuwa wani gini na ƙarni na 19 a gundumar Prenzlauer Berg, inda ni, Ba'amurke wanda ya ƙaura, yanzu nake zaune. Lokacin da na ziyarci tsohon gidansu, na ga cewa ƙofofin panel na asali da katako na bene har yanzu suna nan. Na yi tunanin Toni da Lotte suna tafiya cikin ɗakuna cikin damuwa, suna jiran Gestapo ya bayyana a wajen manyan tagogin da ke fuskantar titi.
A shekara ta 1941, an tilasta wa Toni da Lotte ƙaura zuwa Judenhaus, gini da Nazis suka keɓe ga Yahudawa. Waɗannan wuraren galibi suna cike da cunkoso, saboda Nazis suna son 'yantar da gidaje ga al'ummar "Aryan". Wannan yana kan titin Torstraße na yau. Bayanai sun nuna an kore su tare zuwa Łódź a ranar 27 ga Oktoba 1941. Łódź tana da mafi girman ghetto na Yahudawa a Poland da aka mamaye, banda Warsaw. Sonja ta koya shekaru da yawa bayan haka, tare da taimakon Gidan Tarihi na Yahudawa na Berlin, cewa a nan ne Nazis suka kashe mahaifiyarta da 'yar'uwarta.
Sonja ta ƙarshe ta isa arewacin Wales, tana magana "ba kalma ɗaya ta Ingilishi ba." Ta yi nasarar shigar da takarda don ta sake haɗuwa da Ursel a makarantar yara Yahudawa a Scotland, makarantar gona ta Whittingehame. Sun yi kusan shekara guda tare a can. Sonja ta bayyana tafiyar a can a matsayin mai ban tsoro. "Ban san yadda na yi nasarar tafiya a can ni kaɗai ba," in ji ta. "Ban san inda nake ba." Mutumin da ya kamata ya ɗauke ni a tashar ba a same shi ba. Daga ƙarshe, wani mutum ya zo ya ba da taimako, yana cewa 'yar uwarsa tana jin Jamusanci kaɗan. Ta shiga mota tare da shi. "Ba zan yi yanzu ba," in ji ta cikin baƙin ciki. "Komai zai iya faruwa da ni."
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Sonja Ibermann Cowan ta ba da labarin tafiyarta ta jirgin ƙasa zuwa Scotland a 1939 – bidiyo
Ba da daɗewa ba makarantar ta gaya mata cewa tana buƙatar samun abin rayuwa ta hanyar yin aikin hidima a gidajen gida, aikin da Sonja ta ƙi. Ta jira har ta cika shekaru 18, lokacin da za ta iya shiga sojan Burtaniya. "A nan ne na koyi Ingilishi, a gaskiya," in ji ta, tana kwatanta sabon jin na zama. Ga sauran yaƙin, ta yi aiki a ɗakunan ajiya na soja, da farko a Glasgow, sannan a Stirling da Basingstoke.
Lokacin da yaƙin ya ƙare, Ursel ta yi aure a London. Shekaru da yawa bayan haka, ta ƙaura zuwa Amurka; ta mutu a Arizona a 1999.
Bayan aikin ta ya ƙare, Sonja ta koma Glasgow ta zauna tare da dangin Yahudawa waɗanda suka kira ta "yar gudun hijira." Wata rana, wani matashi mai suna Ralph Cohen, wanda shi ma ya yi aiki a sojan Burtaniya, ya zo ya gabatar da kansa bayan ya ji labarin sabuwar zuwa mai ban sha'awa. Shekaru da yawa bayan haka, Sonja har yanzu tana jin daɗin tunawa da soyayyar ban dariya ta haduwarsu ta farko. Ta buɗe ƙofa sanye da rigar bacci ta gaya masa tana shirin wanke gashinta. Ya amsa da wani tayi mai ƙarfin hali: "Zan yi miki shi – ni mai gyaran gashi ne." Sun yi aure a cikin shekara.
Kamar Toni, Sonja ta ci gaba da haihuwa 'ya'ya mata uku. Fuskantar kyamar Yahudawa a Scotland bayan yaƙi, iyalin sun canza sunansu zuwa Cowan. Ralph, wanda danginsa ke tunawa da shi a matsayin mai mafarki, daga ƙarshe ya gaji da yanayin damshin Glasgow da ƙarancin damar aiki. A 1962, ya ba da shawarar ƙaura zuwa wani gefen duniya: Australiya. Sonja ta sami aiki a masana'antar cakulan Red Tulip a unguwar Prahran na Melbourne. Ita da Ralph sun ji daɗin wasu shekaru hamsin tare, har mutuwarsa a 2013.
Tun daga 2023, Australiya tana da mafi yawan waɗanda suka tsira daga Holocaust a kowane mutum a wajen Isra'ila, tare da kimanin 2,500 har yanzu suna raye. Duk da cewa mutane da yawa suna da makoma iri ɗaya, Sonja ta gaya mini cewa ba a yi magana da yawa game da Nazis a Melbourne ba. "Ina jin haushi lokacin da na ga rahotanni a talabijin game da sansanonin taro," in ji ta. "Irin wannan abu," in ji Sonja. "Har yanzu yana ciwo."
[Hoto: Sonja da Ralph Cowan a ranar aurensu, Glasgow, 1946. Hoto: Godiya ga Sonja Cowan]
Bayan harin kyamar Yahudawa a Bondi Beach na Sydney a watan Disamba, Sonja ta gaya mini cewa ya dawo da wani abin tunawa da ta manta daga yarinta a Berlin, kusan ƙarni da suka wuce. "Ba zato ba tsammani, na tuna wata waƙa daga makarantar yara," in ji ta. "Dole ne ina da shekaru huɗu ko biyar. Ina kan mataki, ina son raira waƙar. Za ku iya yarda na tuna kalmomin? Mu'ujiza ce."
Tare da ƙarfinta mai ban mamaki, Sonja tana jiran tattaunawarmu a matsayin hanyar tunawa da lokutan farin ciki. Ta kan fara waƙoƙin Jamusanci na tsoho daga yarinta, kuma Hilmar yana bincika wayarsa don neman kalmomin don mu raira waƙa tare. Ɗaya daga cikin waƙoƙin da ta fi so ita ce Meine Oma Fährt im Hühnerstall Motorrad (Kakata Tana Tuka Babur a Gidan Kaji), wani abin farin ciki ga yara a shekarun 1930. Duk da duk abin da Jamus ta ƙwace mata, yana ba ni mamaki yadda har yanzu ta rungumi al'adun da ta girma a ciki. Sonja ta dawo Berlin sau biyu tun bayan yaƙin, abin takaici tun kafin mu hadu a kan layi. Na farko shine tare da Ralph lokacin da ta cika shekaru 70, bisa gayyatar gwamnatin birni. "Ban ji daɗin wannan ziyarar ba," ta gaya mini. "Ban ji a gida ba—kawai bai dace ba." Ta ce shirin hukuma ya haɗa da kallon wasan kida Cabaret, wanda ke game da baƙi biyu da ke rayuwa a cikin dare na ƙarshe na Weimar Republic yayin da Nazis ke hawan mulki—zaɓin da ta ga bai dace ba. Amma ta dawo tare da ƙaramar 'yarta, Hilary, kafin bikin cikarta shekaru 90, bayan an shimfiɗa Stolpersteine, kuma a wannan karon ta shirya tafiyar kanta. "Na ziyarci duk wuraren da na tuna," in ji ta, "ciki har da makabartar da aka binne mahaifina," a gundumar Weißensee. Lokacin da na tambaye ta ko ta taɓa fama da laifin da ke addabar waɗanda suka tsira daga Holocaust, ta dakata. "Na yi tunani game da shi, kuma na ce, na yi sa'a. Ba na jin laifi—na yi sa'a."
Dangin Sonja suna sadaukar da kansu ga kakarsu mai farin ciki. Benjamin yanzu yana aiki a kan wani babban aikin rubutu na kirkire-kirkire don digirinsa na biyu, yana mai da hankali kan abubuwan da ta fuskanta da yadda suka tsara asalin iyalin. Tare da sa'o'i na tambayoyi da kakarsa, ya yi nazarin jerin korar, wasiƙun iyali, hotuna, da rahotanni daga jami'an Nazi. Ya sami katunan shaida waɗanda ya ce sun nuna cewa an tilasta wa Toni da Lotte yin aiki ga kamfanin lantarki na Jamus Siemens a Berlin kafin a kore su zuwa Łódź.
A nan Berlin, ina ƙoƙarin ci gaba da mafi kyawun al'adun tunawa da tarihi mai wadata da ruhun ɗan adam. Ina ci gaba da goge Stolpersteine kuma ina aika wa Sonja hotuna na su suna kama haske. Lorraine ta gode mini da kyau don "kula da 'yan matanmu." Hilmar wani lokaci yana sanya sitika mai lambar QR kusa da duwatsun, yana haɗa zuwa rubuce-rubucena ga duk mai sha'awar. Shekarar da ta gabata, ya tuntuɓi malamai a makarantun gida game da alaƙarmu ta musamman da tunawa mai rai.
Kuma haka ya faru cewa ɗaliban aji 10 na John Lennon Gymnasium na gida—shekarun da Sonja take lokacin da ta gudu a kan Kindertransport—sun sami damar yin tambayoyi game da rayuwarta a ƙarƙashin Nazis. Ta amfani da amsoshin muryarta ga tambayoyinsu, ɗaliban sun rubuta kuma suka shirya aikin da kansu. Yanzu ya zama kwasfan fayiloli da ake samu a Jamusanci, Faransanci, da Ingilishi.
Game da ni, idan komai ya tafi daidai, zan zama ɗan ƙasar Jamus a cikin watanni masu zuwa. Ba na ɗaukar wannan mataki da wasa ba, da sanin cewa yana zuwa da nauyin da ke da alaƙa da abin da ya gabata wanda koyaushe yana nan. Tare da tashin hankali a duka wurin haihuwata da gidana na ɗauka, na yi imani cewa yin lissafi da gaskiya tare da tarihi yana da mahimmanci idan tsakiya yana da wata dama ta riƙe.
Wata rana ba da daɗewa ba, na buɗe ƙofar gidanmu na sami sabuwar kwalbar goge tagulla a kan tabarma, tare da wani labarin jarida game da Stolpersteine. Kyauta ce daga tsofaffin masu gidanmu na Jamus. "Don Taube da Lotte," suka rubuta.
Masanin sanannen al'adun tunawa na Jamus, Aleida Assmann, ta rubuta game da alaƙarmu mai ban mamaki da Sonja a littafinta na ƙarshe tare da marigayi mijinta, Jan Assmann, mai suna Gemeinsinn, wanda ke nufin ruhin al'umma. "Tunawa a ƙofar gidanku na iya haifar da furanni marasa tsammani, tsalle daga allunan tagulla zuwa duniyar dijital da kuma duniya baki ɗaya… Idan wannan ba mu'ujizar tunawa ba ce!" Assmann ta yi jayayya cewa a cikin shekaru goma ko ashirin kawai, da zarar duk waɗanda suka tsira daga Holocaust sun tafi, za mu buƙaci nemo sababbin hanyoyi don kiyaye labaransu.
Kuma lokacin da ba mu zauna a gininmu ba, ina tsammanin akwai dama mai kyau cewa wasu daga cikin waɗannan matasa masu yin kwasfan fayiloli za su ci gaba da kula da duwatsun tuntuɓe, su bar su su ci gaba da ba da labaransu.
Tambayoyi da Aka Yi Yawa
Anan akwai jerin tambayoyin da aka yi yawa game da labarin 'yar gudun hijira wadda ta zama mai tsira daga Holocaust mai shekaru 102 da aka rubuta cikin yanayin magana na yau da kullun
Tambayoyin da Aka Yi Yawa: Mai Tsira daga Holocaust Mai Shekaru 102 Maƙwabcinmu
1 Wanene 'yar gudun hijira
Ita mace ce mai suna Selma van de Perre Ita yar Yahudawa ce wadda ta tsere daga zalunci a lokacin Holocaust kuma ta tsira daga dukkan tsammanin Yanzu tana da shekaru 102 tana rayuwa cikin kwanciyar hankali
2 Me kuke nufi da labarinta ya fara a ƙofar gidana
Wannan yana nufin cewa mai ba da labari yana zaune a gida ko ɗaki wanda ya taɓa zama gidan wannan mai tsira ko kuma a unguwar da wani muhimmin abu ya faru a rayuwarta Mai ba da labari ya gano tarihin gidansu a zahiri
3 Ta yaya ta tsira daga Holocaust
Ta tsira ta hanyar ɓuya ta amfani da sunayen karya da kuma ƙaura akai-akai Baƙi masu jaruntaka da membobin Resistance suka taimaka mata waɗanda suka ɓoye iyalan Yahudawa suka ƙirƙira takardun
