Kim Jong-il yana son pizza pepperoni. Saddam Hussein ba zai iya tsayayya da gasasshen kifi ba. An ce Idi Amin yana iya cin dukan akuya gasasshe. Abincinsu ya bambanta, amma sha'awarsu ɗaya ce. Ga manyan azzalumai mafi muni a tarihi, teburin cin abinci shi ma wani mataki ne na nuna iko. Kuma ga masu dafa abinci da suka yi musu hidima, kowane abinci yana zuwa da manyan haɗari. "Yana komawa kaɗan ga ra'ayin Hannah Arendt na rashin kyawun mugunta," in ji darekta Andrew Neel. "Waɗannan abubuwan yau da kullun da muke so, kamar abinci, suna iya ɗaukar ma'ana ta daban a cikin mulkin kama-karya."
A cikin sabon fim dinsa, Yadda ake Ciyar da Mai Mulkin Kama-karya, wanda zai fara fitowa a wannan makon a bikin Fina-Finan Tribeca, masu dafa abinci biyar masu zaman kansu sun ba da labarin abubuwan da suka fuskanta na kud da kud wajen dafa abinci ga wasu azzalumai da aka fi tsoro a duniya da kuma hatsarorin da suke fuskanta a kullum a aikinsu. Bisa ga wani littafi na 2020 na ɗan jaridar Poland Witold Szabłowski, shirin na mintuna 95 yana bincika layin da ke tsakanin ɗabi'a da rayuwa. Yana tambayar masu kallo su yi tunani game da zaɓukan da waɗannan masu dafa abinci suka yi—da kuma zaɓukan da ba su taɓa samun damar yi ba. An tsara fim ɗin kamar menu na ɗanɗano, yana ba da sassa masu ban tsoro na zaluncin ɗan adam a cikin salon shirin girki mai kayatarwa. Yana da wuya a kalla musamman idan kana da yunwa.
Ra'ayoyin sun bambanta sosai, kamar yadda abincin da suka shirya ya bambanta. Mun haɗu da Keo Samoun a wurin kabari marar tsari na tsohon maigidanta, shugaban Cambodia Pol Pot, tana shimfida kifi, 'ya'yan itace, da shinkafa ga mutumin da har yanzu take ganinsa kusan kamar allah. A gefe guda, shahararren mai yin pizza Ermanno Furlanis, yana tuna tsoron da ya ji yayin yin pizza ga Kim Jong-il—rayuwarsa a ƙarƙashin sa ido, fasfo dinsa a riƙe, da wani jami'in gwamnati da ya shiga kicin dinsa don tabbatar da cewa zaitun a kan pizza ɗaya sun yi nisa daidai.
Babu wani mai dafa abinci da ya fi Charles Otonde Odera na Uganda damuwa da hidimarsa. Ya bayyana kwanakin farko da ya yi yana aiki ga azzalumin Uganda Idi Amin a matsayin masu canza rayuwa—wata rana shi talaka ne na ƙauye da kyar yake rayuwa, kuma washegari yana tuka motar Mercedes, yana tallafawa mata takwas, yana rayuwa cikin jin daɗi mai yawa yayin da Amin ke tsoratarwa da zaluntar mutanen yankin. Ga duk waɗannan masu dafa abinci, jin daɗi shine musayar. Bisa ga mafi yawan ma'auni, aiki ne mai kyau—wani nau'in tunani da zai iya ba da uzuri ga kusan komai. "Mai dafa abinci na Saddam yana samun mota kowace shekara," in ji Neel. "Wannan magana, 'aiki ne mai kyau,' ina tsammanin tana tafiyar da duniya. Kamar, 'Kasuwanci ne kawai.'"
Sai bayan da aka gano matar Amin ta biyu, Kay, a cikin akwati na mota—a cikin jita-jita cewa Amin ya kashe ta saboda ta ɗauki masoyi—ne Odera ya fara tambayar yarjejeniyar da ya yi. "Na rasa ƙananan albashin da nake samu a dā," in ji shi a cikin shirin. "Aƙalla zuciyata tana da natsuwa."
Odera ya kwatanta Amin a matsayin "mutum mai sha'awa mai yawa" wanda ya ji daɗin yadda jita-jita game da cin naman mutane da ake zarginsa da shi ke tayar da hankalin Turawan mulkin mallaka na Burtaniya a Uganda, yana ƙarfafa hotonsa a matsayin mai mulki wanda ya wuce doka ko iyaka. (Amin ya shahara da musanta tsegumin, yana cewa naman mutane "ya yi gishiri da yawa.") Odera ya tuna an umarce shi da ya dafa zuciyar mutum, inda Amin ya gaya masa cewa cin zuciyar wani yana hana ruhinsa damar far muku. Aikinsa ya sake ɗaukar wani yanayi mai duhu lokacin da ɗayan 'ya'yan Amin ya yi ciwon ciki bayan cin abinci—wani ƙaramin abin da har yanzu ya sa mai dafa abinci hukuncin kisa.
Yayin da Odera ke ba da waɗannan abubuwan tunawa masu raɗaɗi, yana shirya akuya gasasshe tare da ƙungiyar masu dafa abinci. A cikin Yadda ake Ciyar da Mai Mulkin Kama-karya, hotunan yankan dabbobi da tashin hankalin da gwamnati ta amince da su an nuna su tare da gangan. Kana iya tunanin yadda ma'aikatan suka ji rashin jin daɗi yayin yin fim ɗin duk wannan abinci mai yawa, suna tsaka tsaki tsakanin sha'awar abin da ke gabansu da kuma firgicin da aka haɗa shi da shi.
"Abinci yana yin sanyi lokacin da kake tsarawa..."Muna gaggawar yin hotuna kuma ba mu sami damar gwada komai ba," in ji Neel. Amma ya yaba da dip ɗin kifi na Samoun, abin da aka fi so a teburin Pot, da kuma masgouf—wani gasasshen carp da ake zargin Hussein ba zai iya rayuwa ba tare da shi ba. Wannan abinci a ƙarshe ya taimaka wa sojojin Amurka su gano shi bayan da mulkinsa ya rushe a 2003, lokacin da aka same shi yana ɓoye a cikin rami a cikin hamada.
Ga duk wanda ke mamakin dalilin da ya sa mai dafa abinci ba zai yi jarumtaka ya sanya guba ga mai mulkin kama-karya ba, fim ɗin ya bayyana sarai: wannan tunanin ba ya shiga zuciyarsu. Kusanci da mai mulkin kama-karya yana buƙatar amana mai zurfi, wanda kuma yana nisantar da kai daga duniyar waje. "Akwai abinci da yawa a inda nake," in ji Furlanis, yana tuna yadda odar kayan abinci na Italiyanci zai isa Masarautar Hermit cikin 'yan kwanaki. Lokacin da ya ba da shawarar raba wasu abincinsa da 'yan Koriya ta Arewa masu fama da yunwa—waɗanda aka ruwaito da yawa suna cin ciyawa da haushi—an ƙi tayinsa da sauri. "Mai dafa abinci kawai yana buƙatar dafa abinci," in ji Odera, mai dafa abinci na Uganda. "Babu wani labari."
Samoun, tsohuwar mai dafa abinci ta Pol Pot, ba za ta iya daidaita mutumin da ya shirya aurenta, ya biya bikin aurenta, kuma ya raka ta zuwa gidan aure da wanda ya tsara kisan kare dangi wanda ya kashe kimanin mutane miliyan 1.5 zuwa 3 a Cambodia cikin shekaru huɗu ba. A cikin mafi tsananin lokaci na fim ɗin, ɗaya daga cikin masu fassara na Neel ya kalubalanci labarinta, yana ba da nasa abin da ya fuskanta na duka da azabtarwa daga Khmer Rouge.
"Ba ta amsa tambayar da gaske ba," in ji Neel. "Kuma na ce wa [mai fassara], saboda na san tarihinsa, 'Kana buƙatar gaya mata abin da ya faru da kai.' Kowa yana son yin girmamawa. Kowa yana son mantawa da abubuwa, har ma da waɗanda suka sha wahala. Wannan shine mummunan gado da mulkin kama-karya ke bari: mutanen da gwamnati ta zalunta suna rayuwa tare da waɗanda suka ci moriyarsa."
Dubi hoton cikin cikakken allo Hoton: Bikin Fina-Finan Tribeca
Sabanin yana da alama yana tura Samoun zuwa ga ƙarshe. "Ko da yake ya yi kurakurai, ba zai iya zama duka mara kyau ba," in ji tana kuka.
A halin yanzu, Coco Pacheco—Emeril Lagasse na Chile—ya kasance mai aminci ga Augusto Pinochet. Yana ajiye ɗaya daga cikin hular Pinochet mai taurari a ƙarƙashin gilashi, yana daraja hotunan lokutan da suka yi tare, kuma yana murnar juyin mulkin soja a Chile a matsayin tsayayya mai ƙarfin hali ga gurguzu. Yana shirya tebur na abincin da tsohon maigidansa ya fi so, ya ajiye wuri mara komai, kuma ya yi masa godiya. "Ba mu taɓa yin magana game da siyasa ba," in ji Pacheco. "Duk dangi ne. Na yi dariya da shi sosai."
Game da dubun dubatan da Pinochet ya kashe, ya azabtar, ko ya tilasta wa yin hijira, Pacheco yana ɗaukar batun da sauƙi kamar odar omelet. "Dole ne ya ba da umarnin da ba ya so ya ba," in ji shi. "Rayuwa ce."
Tsohon mai dafa abinci na Hussein shi ma yana da aminci, yana kiran shugaban da ya yi amfani da makamai masu guba a kan mutanensa "uban Iraki," kuma yana kwatanta kisa bayan shari'a—wanda aka yi a ranar Sallah, a cikin dukan kwanaki—da mutuwa a cikin iyali. Mai dafa abinci yana magana da sunan ƙarya kuma yana bayyana a kan allo a matsayin baƙar silhouette, an ɓoye ainihin sa saboda tsoron abokan gaban Hussein fiye da duk wani dangi ko tsoffin abokan tarayya. "An canza jikinsa, an canza muryarsa—muna so mu tabbatar cewa babu wani abu da za a iya sake gina shi da AI," in ji Neel. "Abu ɗaya da na fi so shi ne ra'ayin cewa shi rami ne kawai. Mun tafi da wannan cikakken baƙar inuwa saboda ba zai iya faɗi wani abu daga cikin waɗannan a fili ba. A wata hanya, a gare ni, Saddam ya yanke shi daga duniya."
Yadda ake Ciyar da Mai Mulkin Kama-karya ya dogara kan wata manufa ta tsakiya: mutane suna taimaka wa ƙirƙirar azzalumai kamar yadda suke taimaka wa kawar da su, kuma masu dafa abinci da ke ci gaba da waɗannan gwamnatocin a ƙarshe an cire su daga garken. Kallon shi, yana tunatar da kai game da wani shugaban Amurka da ke sha'awar masu mulkin kama-karya, na dā da na yanzu....da kuma wasan kwaikwayon siyasar mai ƙarfi da kansa—ko da yake ƙaunarsa ga abinci mai sauri da Diet Coke ba ta dace da ɗanɗanon mai mulkin kama-karya ba.
Neel ya yi la'akari da haɗa Donald Trump a cikin fim dinsa—ko da yake, "a bayyane, shi ba mai mulkin kama-karya ba ne," in ji shi. "Yana so ya zama ɗaya, amma ba haka ba. Na sami mai dafa abinci wanda ya dafa masa kafin a zaɓe shi. Amma bayan Trump ya ci zabe, mai dafa abinci ya ɓace. Ba zai ƙara yi mini magana ba. Me ya sa? Wataƙila yana tsoron rasa aikinsa. Wataƙila yana da aiki mai kyau."
Yadda ake Ciyar da Mai Mulkin Kama-karya yana fitowa a bikin Fina-Finan Tribeca kuma a halin yanzu yana neman rarraba shi.
Tambayoyin da Aka Yi Yawa
Anan akwai jerin tambayoyin da aka yi yawa game da kwarewar dafa abinci ga mai mulkin kama-karya bisa ga manufar mutum mai sha'awa mai yawa
Tambayoyin Matakin Farko
1 Menene ma'anar mutum mai sha'awa mai yawa a cikin wannan mahallin
Yana nufin mai mulkin kama-karya wanda ke da matsananciyar sha'awa sau da yawa masu haɗari ba kawai ga abinci ba amma ga iko, iko, alatu, da kuma wani lokaci tashin hankali. Sha'awarsa ga abinci wani ɓangare ne kawai na babban hali mai buƙata.
2 Shin wannan aiki ne na gaske Shin mutane suna dafa abinci ga azzalumai da gaske
Ee, tabbas. Azzalumai suna da masu dafa abinci na sirri, ma'aikatan kicin, da masu ɗanɗano abinci. Aiki ne na gaske mai haɗari, sau da yawa ga shugabannin soja ko masu mulkin kama-karya.
3 Me ya sa mai mulkin kama-karya zai buƙaci mai dafa abinci na sirri
Saboda dalilai da yawa: matsanancin shakku, sha'awar abinci na waje ko na wuya, buƙatar ci gaba da iko a kan muhallinsu, da kuma girman kai na samun ma'aikatan girki na musamman.
4 Menene babban haɗarin dafa abinci ga mai mulkin kama-karya
Babban haɗari shine guba—ko da gangan ko ba da gangan ba. Wani sinadari mara kyau, abinci da ya lalace, ko cin mutunci da aka gane zai iya kaiwa ga ɗauri, azabtarwa, ko kisa.
5 Shin abinci koyaushe yana da kyau ko tsada
Ba koyaushe ba. Wasu azzalumai sun fi son abinci mai sauƙi na kwanakin ƙuruciyarsu. Amma sau da yawa yana game da wuce gona da iri: caviar, dukan dabbobi gasasshe, giya masu wuya, da kuma rabo mai yawa.
Tambayoyin Matakin Tsaka-tsaki
6 Menene zai faru idan mai mulkin kama-karya bai ji daɗin abincin ba
Sakamakon zai iya kasancewa daga wani mugun kallo mai ban tsoro zuwa fashewa da tashin hankali. A lokuta da yawa, ana korar mai dafa abinci nan take, an rage masa matsayi, ko muni. Abinci mara kyau ana iya ganinsa a matsayin wani aiki na ƙin yarda kai tsaye.
7 Yaya masu dafa abinci ke magance barazanar guba akai-akai
Suna amfani da tsarin masu ɗanɗano abinci waɗanda ke cin kowane abinci da farko. Masu dafa abinci kuma suna samo sinadarai daga amintattun gonaki guda ɗaya ko gonakinsu, kuma suna kulle kicin da masu gadi dauke da makamai.
8 Shin kawai game da girki ne ko akwai wani abu na tunani
Yana da matukar muhimmanci a tunani. Mai dafa abinci dole ne ya karanta yanayin mai mulkin kama-karya, ya yi hasashen buƙatunsa, kuma ya sarrafa girman kansa. Wani abinci da ya tuna masa
