A bara da kaka, ina zaune tare da wani sanannen masanin gine-gine a New York sa’ad da wayarsu ta ci gaba da yin ƙara. Daga ƙarshe suka duba saƙonnin suka yi dariya. “Oh, tattaunawar Sojojin Gine-gine na Albaniya ta sake tashi,” in ji su. “Da alama Edi yana da wasu sabbin ayyuka a gare mu.”
Edi shi ne Edi Rama, firaministan Albaniya tun 2013, wanda ke kula da saurin sauye-sauyen tsohuwar ƙasar kwaminisanci ta hanyar jerin ayyukan gine-gine masu ƙyalli. Akwai hasumiyoyi masu murɗawa a Tirana, wuraren jama’a da suka sami lambar yabo, wuraren shakatawa na bakin teku masu ban sha’awa, da ƙarin manyan mafarkai da yawa a kan hanya—duk an tattara su a cikin wani babban sabon littafi, The Albanian Files.
Masu suka suna kallon littafin mai shafuka 800 a matsayin fayil na shaida mai nauyin kilogiram 2.2.
Sauyin ƙasar, ya bayyana, ana daidaita wani ɓangarensa ta hanyar rukunin WhatsApp (gajeruwar “Albanian ArchArmy”) wanda ya haɗa da wasu daga cikin shahararrun masanan gine-gine a duniya. Wuri ne da ake raba nasarori, a yi murna da sabbin ayyuka, kuma a yaba wa babban firaminista-mai tallafawa saboda ƙarfinsa da ƙarfin hali. Masanin gine-ginen New York ya kwatanta shi da fim ɗin jarumai: Rama yana aika siginar kuma manyan masanan gine-gine na duniya suna garzaya don ceto ranar da ƙirarsu mai ƙarfin hali. Idan ka duba sosai za ka iya ma ganin mikiya mai kai biyu ta Albaniya an haska ta a sararin sama na dare.
Duba hoto a cikakken alloHub … shirin ci gaban tashar jiragen ruwa na Saranda na XDGA, wanda aka nuna a The Albanian Files. Hoto: Oliver Wainwright/Lars Müller Publishers
Tattaunawar WhatsApp na iya zama ta sirri, amma The Albanian Files shi ne abu na gaba mafi kusa. Takarda ce mai ban mamaki, da gangan da kuma ba da gangan ba. A cikin gabatarwar sa, Rama ya kira littafin “muhimmin rikodin bayan fage” na wani tsari wanda ke “ɗaga Albaniya ta hanyar da babu wanda ya hango ta zuwa.” Kundin da ke buɗe ido ne na mafarkai, inda kamfanoni 60 na ƙasa da ƙasa (kuma babu ko ɗaya na Albaniya) suka shimfiɗa shirye-shiryensu na sama da ayyuka 500 a faɗin ƙasar.
Amma ga masu sukar Rama, littafin fayil ne na shaida mai shafuka 800, mai nauyin kilogiram 2.2. Suna nuni ga rashin gaskiya a yanke shawara, lalata al’adu, korar mutane tilas, tattake wuraren da aka kare, da rawar da masana’antar gine-gine ta Albaniya ke takawa wajen wanke kuɗi don ƙungiyoyin aikata laifuka. Littafin cike yake da bayanan kai tsaye daga masanan gine-gine da ke rubuta abubuwan da suka fuskanta, kuma wani ɗan majalisa na adawa ya kira shi “makamin hayaƙi”—ko da yake babu wata shawara cewa masanan gine-ginen suna da hannu cikin wani laifi. Rama ya yi gaskiya cewa babu wanda ya hango shi: yawancin ayyukan da ke cikin littafin sabon abu ne ga al’ummar yankin, wadda ta mayar da martani da fushi.
“Masanan gine-gine na duniya ku koma gida!” in ji wata alama a wata babbar zanga-zanga a watan Yuni a wajen wani wuri a Tirana, inda da yawa daga cikin masanan gine-ginen da ke cikin littafin suka taru don wani taron keɓaɓɓe na murnar aikinsu da ƙaddamar da littafin. “Ina jama’a?” in ji wata. Tikiti na bikin gine-gine, mai taken Landscapes of Abundance, sun kai har €200, a ƙasar da matsakaicin albashin wata shine €700. Ya zo ne a wani lokaci mai tashin hankali, makonni kaɗan bayan manyan zanga-zangar ƙasa da shirye-shiryen biliyoyin daloli suka haifar na mayar da wurin ajiyar yanayi na Zvërnec da tsibirin Sazan da ke kusa zuwa wurin shakatawa na alfarma da iyalin Trump suka goyi bayan.
An yi wa lakabi da juyin juya halin flamingo, dangane da muhallin da masu suka suka ce za a tattake shi da aikin, zanga-zangar yanzu ta ci gaba sama da kwanaki 120, tare da ƙara ƙarfin kira ga Rama ya yi murabus. Gine-gine ba zato ba tsammani ya sami kansa a cikin wuta.
Duba hoto a cikakken alloFushi … ’yan Albaniya suna zanga-zanga kan ci gaban wurin ajiyar yanayi na bakin teku a watan Yuni na wannan shekara. Hoto: Armando Babani/Getty Images
“Yana jin kamar zama a masarauta mai mulkin kama-karya,” in ji Lorin Kadiu, darektan Citizens.al, wani dandali na labarai mai bincike da ke bin diddigin ayyukan gine-gine tun 2018, Albaniya ta ga rashin gamsuwa da ke ƙaruwa. “Ba rashin gaskiya kaɗai ba, amma gaskiyar cewa dukanmu dole mu rayu da ɗanɗanon kyan gani na mutum ɗaya. Dole a yi wa ƙasar duka fenti yadda yake so,” in ji wani mai zanga-zanga.
Rama, wanda ya horar a matsayin mai zane, ya fara shahara a matsayin magajin garin Tirana a shekarun 2000, lokacin da ya sami kulawar ƙasa da ƙasa saboda yin fenti a gine-ginen gidaje na zamanin Soviet masu ban tsoro da launuka masu haske da farin ciki. Sauyin mai arha da rai ya yi nasara, kuma an yaba wa Rama saboda hanyarsa ta fasaha da ba ta al’ada ba.
Amma yanzu, da yawa daga cikin waɗanda suka goyi bayansa a da sun yi imanin burinsa na gine-gine ya wuce gona da iri. Wata budaddiyar wasiƙa da aka rarraba a zanga-zangar ta yi Allah wadai da “wanke fasaha na siyasar buldoza” kuma ta tambayi masanan gine-ginen da suka halarta ko sun ji daɗin “’yancin yin a nan abin da za a haramta, a ƙalubalanci, ko a mayar da shi ba zai yiwu ba a ƙasashenku?” Daga cikin masanan gine-ginen da Guardian ta tuntuɓa, ɗaya kaɗai ya amsa, yana cewa ba su yin wani abu a Albaniya da ba za a bar su su yi ba a wani wuri. Ya ƙara da cewa “’yanci a Albaniya tabbas yana jan hankali, don haka alhakin mutum ya fi girma.”
Kamar yadda Rama ya rubuta a fili a cikin gabatarwar sa na The Albanian Files, masanan gine-gine suna sha’awar yin aiki a Albaniya saboda “’yanci daga ‘a’a’ a kowane nau’i.” Littafin cike yake da hangen nesa na bakin teku da ba a taɓa ba, dazuzzuka masu kore, da yashi da lagoons masu tsafta. A Gjipe, wani bay da da yawa ke ɗauka a matsayin bakin teku na ƙarshe da ba a taɓa ba a kudancin Albaniya, kamfanin Dutch MVRDV ya ba da shawarar wani otal na gilashi mai madubi wanda ya ratsa kwazazzabo, “kamar jauhari a bakin teku.”
Wannan ya biyo bayan hasumiyar gidajensu a Tirana mai siffar kan Skanderbeg, jarumin ƙasar Albaniya (wanda kuma yayi kama da Rama sosai). A yankin yashi da aka kare na Rana e Hedhun, sanannen masanin gine-ginen Portugal Álvaro Siza ya tsara wani ci gaba a gefen tudu tare da motar kebul da wani babban gini a bakin teku.
Bayan wasu shafuka, ƙwararren ɗan Switzerland Valerio Olgiati ya ba da shawarar gungun hasumiyoyin siminti da ke tashi daga yashi, cike da tagogi na tsaro. Yana kama da yana shirin kare kai daga mamayewa daga teku.
Sauyin bakin teku ya ci gaba da mai zanen jirgin ruwa na alfarma na Florentine Luca Dini (manufar ɗakin: “don ba da mamaki har ma da mafi wayo”). Yana gabatar da tafiya mai hoto ta cikin ayyukansa 17, ciki har da Life Marina Complex, wanda ya ratsa kilomita bakwai na bakin teku da ba a taɓa ba kusa da Saranda, da wurin shakatawa na Atara, tare da “kambi” na zinariya da ke shawagi a kan duwatsu kamar wani wurin tsaro na soja. Yakan zama abin ba’a lokacin da hotunan sa na salon wasan kwaikwayo suka ƙare da hoton wani babban jirgin ruwa da ke tashi a kan layin gine-gine, tare da mai zanen da kansa yana shelanta daga benen: “[mu] na ƙirƙirar wurare da suka dace da muhalli.”
Editan littafin, Anneke Abhelakh, ya nemi masanan gine-gine su gabatar da nasu rubutun, kuma suna da ban mamaki cikin gaskiyarsu. Wani lokaci yana karantawa kamar rubutun mic mai zafi. “Saboda babu dokoki da yawa kuma abokan cinikina ba su damu da mahallin ba,” in ji masanin gine-ginen Berlin Sam Chermayeff, “an tilasta mana mu yi tunani ta hanyar dabi’unmu.” Ya ba da labarin abin da ya faru “na gaske” na yin aiki a Albaniya, ciki har da yadda ɗaya daga cikin abokan Rama ya kira shi ba zato ba tsammani kuma ba da daɗewa ba aka nemi ya tsara hasumiyoyi biyu a Tirana jimillar murabba’in mita 45,000 – abin mamaki ga mai zane wanda aka fi sani da dafa abinci na gwaji.
“Tabbas na yarda,” in ji shi, “ba tare da fahimtar abin da ke faruwa ba.” Da aka tuntuɓe shi don sharhi, Chermayeff ya amsa: “Ina tambayar abokan cinikin Albaniya tambayoyi iri ɗaya da nake tambayar abokan ciniki a kowace ƙasa kuma ina da tabbaci iri ɗaya,” ya ƙara da cewa “kamar a Jamus ko Amurka, ba ni da wani ƙarin sani fiye da abin da aka gaya mini,” ya ƙara da cewa ba ya aiki a cikin ko kusa da wuraren da aka kare. “Ba na yin wani abu,” in ji shi, “da ba zan yi a wani wuri ba.”
Masanin gine-ginen Austria Chris Precht ya bayyana yadda Rama da kansa ya tuntuɓe shi a Instagram, “yana tambaya ko zan yi sha’awar yin aiki a Albaniya.” Yanzu yana da ayyuka 29 da sunansa, ciki har da “Garden of Eden” na €4m, wanda aka gina a farfajiyar ofishin firaminista da kansa.
“Gaskiya ce da ba za a iya tunani ba,” in ji wata ƙungiyar yaƙi ta masanan gine-gine da masu tsara birane na Albaniya, Arkitektët Shqiparë, wadda ta ƙirƙiri rumbun adana bayanai na kan layi na dukan ayyukan—wanda aka buga cikin Albaniya, ba kamar littafin ba. “Ƙaramin rukuni na masanan gine-gine na ƙasashen waje ana tuntuɓar su kai tsaye daga ofishin firaminista kuma suna samun ayyuka ba tare da tsarin gasa ba.”
Kusa da bakin teku … shawarar Olgiati na hasumiyoyin siminti a bakin teku a Lezha. Hoto: Oliver Wainwright/Lars Müller Publishers
Masanan gine-ginen ƙasashen waje suna kwatanta shi daban. “Rama ba ya naɗa masanan gine-gine da kansa,” wani memba na ƙungiyar ArchArmy ya gaya mini. “Amma yana gabatar da su ga masu haɓakawa. Kuma an fahimta cewa, idan sun zaɓi ɗaya daga cikin masanan gine-ginensa, su [masu haɓakawa] za su sami izinin gina abin da suke so.”
Rama ya ci gaba da musanta zarge-zargen. A wata hira mai fushi da CNN a watan Yuni, ya yi Allah wadai da ikirarin cin hanci da rashawa a matsayin “labarai na ƙarya.” Ya daɗe yana cewa manyan zanga-zangar abokan gaban shugaban Amurka ne suka tayar da su, ciki har da Iran. “Idan ba Jared Kushner ba,” in ji shi, “babu wanda zai damu da flamingos, game da Albaniya, game da komai. Ƙiyayya ga Trump ce ke haifar da duk wannan bincike.”
Da Guardian ta tuntuɓi ofishin firaminista, bai amsa buƙatun sharhi dalla-dalla ba amma ya kira zarge-zargen “jita-jita” da “kima mai ɗaci.” A wani jawabi a wannan makon don ƙaddamar da gasar sabuwar hasumiya, Rama ya nace cewa alkalan gasar “yawancinsu masanan gine-gine ne, masu tsara birane da malamai waɗanda suke da ’yanci gaba ɗaya,” cewa “bangaren Albaniya yana cikin ’yan tsiraru” kuma “babu wata jagora ko tasiri” a kan alkalan. Ya ƙara da cewa a yau Albaniya “ita ce babbar ‘jami’a’ ta gine-gine mafi buɗe ido,” yayin da matasan masanan gine-ginen Albaniya ke da damar “haɗuwa, bi, da yin aiki kai tsaye tare da manyan malamai.”
Taken littafin shi ne Freedom and Architecture, kuma akwai iskar ’yanci ga yawancin ƙirar. “Yin aiki a matsayin masanin gine-gine a Albaniya yana ’yantarwa,” in ji ɗan Belgium Xaveer De Geyter, tare da shawararsa ta wata babbar hasumiya uku mai siffar M don tashar jiragen ruwa na Saranda, “yana haifar da matakin ’yanci wanda wani lokaci yakan bar mu cikin gumi mai sanyi.” Ɗakin Spain Arquitectura-G ya yaba wa tsarin izini na Albaniya a matsayin “mafi sauri da ƙarancin ƙuntatawa” fiye da wani wuri, wanda “hangen nesa mai haske daga firaminista” ke jagoranta. Manuel Aires Mateus na Portugal ya yarda: “Akwai lokutan da abubuwa dole su zo daga sama.”
Hankalin da ake samu na gini a ƙasa da ba a taɓa ba yana bayyana. Doyen na Japan Kengo Kuma ya bayyana farin cikin tashi a kan Albaniya a cikin helikwafta. “Na same shi da ban sha’awa sosai,” in ji shi, “saboda yawancin yanayin ba a taɓa su ba.” A Asiya, in ji shi, “yana da matukar wahala a sami aiki a irin wannan ‘ƙasa budurwa’.” Masanin gine-ginen Indiya da ke Berlin, Anupama Kundoo, yana magana game da damar ƙirƙira, “ba tare da kaya ba” na Turai da sauran “ƙasashe masu ci gaba.”
Kundoo yana aiki kan babban shiri na “mazaunin gwaji” na mutane 50,000 a cikin wurin shakatawa na ƙasa na Divjakë-Karavasta da aka kare. Irin wannan aikin ya yiwu ne kawai ta wata doka mai rikici ta 2024, wadda ke ba da izinin gina wuraren shakatawa na taurari biyar a wuraren da aka kare, wanda shirin da ke Zvërnec kuma ke amfana da shi. Babu wata shawara cewa kowane daga cikin masanan gine-ginen da aka ambata a wannan labarin yana karya wata doka. “Masu haɓakawa suna cikin gaggawa,” in ji Kadiu. “Akwai gudu don gina yadda ya kamata kafin a soke waɗannan dokoki.” Matsi yana ƙaruwa. Albaniya ta shiga matakin ƙarshe na tattaunawar shiga EU, amma waɗannan ƙa’idojin da ba su da tsauri sun kasance cikas. Duka dokar 2024 da dokar 2015 da ke ba da fifiko ga “masu zuba jari na dabaru” an soki su a wani rahoton EU na bara a matsayin masu cin karo da ƙa’idojinsa. Wani kuduri na Majalisar Turai a watan Yuni na wannan shekara ya “bayyana damuwa mai tsanani” kuma ya yi kira da “dakatarwa nan take kan sabbin hanyoyin ba da izini, ayyukan gine-gine da shiga tsakani na ci gaba” a cikin wuraren da aka kare. Rama ya ci gaba da kare dokokin biyu a matsayin manufofi masu amfani, na zamani waɗanda ke daidaita kiyaye muhalli da ci gaban tattalin arziki mai ƙima. Bayan tsoron muhalli, da tsarin ba da izini da saye mara gaskiya, wata tambaya mai zafi ta rage: ta yaya ɗaya daga cikin ƙasashe mafi talauci a Turai za ta iya biyan kuɗin gina waɗannan manyan shirye-shirye? Farashin gidaje ya tashi sosai, amma albashi da lamunin banki ba su ƙaru da kusan irin wannan adadin ba, wanda ke sa masu suka su yi tsammanin akwai kuɗi na duhu. Global Initiative against Transnational Organized Crime ta gano sassan gidaje da yawon buɗe ido na Albaniya a matsayin manyan wuraren wanke kuɗi, tana lura cewa sashin gine-gine “an cika shi da kuɗi haram.” Rahoton ta na 2020 ya kiyasta cewa €1.6bn na “kuɗi mai datti” an wanke ta cikin gidaje na Albaniya a cikin shekaru uku da suka gabata. Kamar yadda na ruwaito a 2022, faifan sauti da aka fallasa sun nuna ƴan mafia na Italiya suna tattauna yadda haɓakar manyan gine-gine na Tirana ya zama babbar dama ta wanke kuɗinsu, inda farashin gini na kusan €500 kowace murabba’in mita ya yi ƙasa da farashin jeri har €4,000 kowace murabba’in mita. Ofishin da ke yaƙi da cin hanci da rashawa da aikata laifuka na Albaniya, SPAK, yana samun ci gaba. A watan Yuni, ya kwace €150m na kadarori, ciki har da gidaje, manyan gidaje da kadarorin kasuwanci, masu alaƙa da wata hanyar safarar hodar iblis da ake zargi. A wannan watan, Pëllumb Gjoka, wanda gwamnatin Albaniya ta taɓa kira “mai zuba jari na dabaru” tare da izinin gina wurin shakatawa na €52m a bakin teku, an tura shi kurkuku saboda ba da umarnin kashe mutane. Duba hoto a cikakken allo ‘Misali ne na gargajiya na abin da ke faruwa lokacin da kake tunanin kai shugaba mai kirki’ … Firaministan Albaniya Edi Rama. Hoto: Stefano Costantino/SOPA Images/LightRocket/Getty Images Bincike da Citizens.al ta yi ya nuna cewa da yawa daga cikin ayyukan da ke cikin The Albanian Files suna da alaƙa da binciken SPAK da ke gudana (babu ɗaya daga cikin masanan gine-ginen da aka ambata a wannan labarin da ke da hannu), yana zargin an tura jarin aikata laifuka ta hanyar kamfanonin harsashi, kwangilolin gine-gine da ma’amalolin kadarori. Sama da kashi 40% na ayyukan da ke cikin littafin ba su ma ambaci wanene abokin ciniki ba, wanda ke sa da yawa su tambaya: me ya sa wannan ɓoyewa? Wani tsohon memba na ArchArmy yana baƙin ciki game da yadda abubuwa suka kasance. “Kamar sauran, na shiga da tabbacin gaske cewa wannan zai iya zama canji mai kyau ga ƙasar,” in ji su. “Rama ya san Albaniya za ta ci gaba da sauri, kuma ba ya so ya lalata ta. Ya fi kyau a sami wasu ƙwararrun masanan gine-gine da suka shiga don tabbatar da cewa ya zama mai kyau, maimakon mutane su gina gidaje na yau da kullum a bakin teku ba tare da wani iko ba.” Masanin gine-ginen ya ce sun janye bayan kasancewa cikin alkalan gasar da “ba ta ji kamar dimokuradiyya ba” da kuma gaskiyar cewa batutuwan da suka shafi mallakar filaye “koyaushe suna jin daɗin rashin tabbas.” Sun ƙara: “Rama har yanzu yana da tabbacin cewa yana yin abin da ya dace ga ƙasar. Misali ne na gargajiya na abin da ke faruwa lokacin da kake tunanin kai shugaba mai kirki, amma ka zauna cikin mulki da daɗewa.” Wannan ra’ayi yana bayyana a ɗaya daga cikin gudummawar da suka fi bayyana a littafin. Reinier de Graaf na kamfanin Dutch OMA ya rubuta budaddiyar wasiƙa zuwa ga Rama—wanda aka yi niyyar a matsayin ba’a, amma barkwanci ya faɗi. “Ganin matsayin Albaniya na dindindin a matsayin mai tallafawa gine-gine mai wayo,” in ji shi, “sana’armu za ta amfana sosai idan ƙasar ba ta sake yin wani zaɓe ba, kuma idan kai… za ka ci gaba da zama shugaban ƙasa na rayuwa—watakila ma sarki.” Ya ƙara: “A cikin duniyar masu mulkin kama-karya, bari mu sami shugaba mai mulkin kama-karya ɗaya mai kirki mai ɗanɗano?”
Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi
Ga jerin tambayoyin da ake yawan yi game da haɓakar gine-gine a Albaniya da kuma al’amarin Masanan gine-gine na duniya ku koma gida
Menene ma’anar Masanan gine-gine na duniya ku koma gida
Take ne ko ra’ayi da ke sukar yanayin da shahararrun masanan gine-gine na ƙasa da ƙasa ke tsara manyan ayyuka a Albaniya yayin da masanan gine-gine na gida ke jin an yi watsi da su ko ba a kima su
Menene Masanin gine-gine na duniya
Masanin gine-gine na duniya shahararren masanin gine-gine ne mai shahara a duniya kamar Norman Foster ko Zaha Hadid wanda ake ɗauka don tsara gine-gine masu alama da tsada
Me ya sa Albaniya ke ɗaukar shahararrun masanan gine-gine na ƙasashen waje da yawa
Gwamnati da masu haɓakawa suna so su sanya Albaniya a taswira Sun yi imanin gine-gine masu alama daga shahararrun sunaye za su jawo yawon buɗe ido, zuba jari na ƙasashen waje kuma su nuna cewa ƙasar ta zamani ce kuma a buɗe take don kasuwanci
Menene ke haifar da haɓakar gine-gine a Albaniya
Manyan abubuwan da ke haifarwa sune yunƙurin saurin zamani, masana’antar yawon buɗe ido mai bunƙasa da dabarun gwamnati na sake siffanta hoton ƙasar daga tsohon kwaminisanci zuwa wurin Turai mai kuzari
Menene wasu misalai na waɗannan manyan ayyuka
Manyan ayyuka sun haɗa da sabon ginin Majalisar Albaniya na Zaha Hadid Architects, aikin Tirana Riverside na Bjarke Ingels Group da babban shiri na birnin Durrës na Stefano Boeri
Me ya sa masanan gine-gine na gida suka fusata
Masanan gine-gine na gida suna jayayya cewa sun fi fahimtar al’adu, yanayi da ƙa’idojin gida Suna jin cewa manyan kamfanoni na ƙasa da ƙasa suna karɓar dama da kuɗin jama’a da ya kamata su tallafa wa sana’ar gida
Shin haɓakar gine-gine yana da kyau ga tattalin arzikin Albaniya
Zai iya kasancewa Gine-gine yana ƙirƙirar ayyuka kuma sabbin gine-gine na iya jawo masu yawon buɗe ido da kasuwanci Duk da haka masu suka suna damuwa cewa kuɗin za a iya kashe shi kan ayyuka mafi muhimmanci kamar kiwon lafiya ko ilimi
Menene manyan sukar wannan haɓaka
Masu suka suna cewa ayyukan sau da yawa suna da tsada sosai, suna watsi da bukatun gida kuma suna mai da hankali kan yawon buɗe ido na alfarma maimakon inganta rayuwar talakawan ƴan ƙasa Akwai kuma damuwa game da cin hanci da rashawa da rashin gaskiya a yadda ake yarjejeniyoyi
Shin waɗannan masanan gine-gine na ƙasashen waje suna gina ayyukan da kansu
Kamfanin Masanin gine-gine na duniya yawanci yana ƙirƙirar ƙira da hangen nesa Ginin da kansa da aikin yau da kullum kusan koyaushe kamfanonin Albaniya na gida da ma’aikata ne ke yin su
Menene wanke gine-gine
Wannan kalma ce da masu suka ke amfani da ita lokacin da gwamnati ke amfani da gine-gine masu ƙyalli don karkatar da hankali daga matsaloli kamar cin hanci da rashawa ko rashin kyawun ayyukan jama’a Sabon ginin mai sheki yana sa gwamnati ta yi kyau
