A cikin wani ɗakin studio a kan titin zama mai natsuwa a yammacin Warsaw, gungun tsoffin fursunonin siyasa suna yanke ciyawar alkama ta zinariya zuwa santimita 90 kuma suna tara su, a shirye suke don aikawa zuwa Venice Biennale. Wani ƙaton ball da aka yi daga littattafan da aka haramta a ƙasar makwabciyarmu Belarus—Harry Potter, wanda ya lashe kyautar Nobel Svetlana Alexievich, tarihin kink da aka kwatanta—yana kan farcen wani bulldozer. Dariya, kiɗan organ, da sautin injin niƙa sun cika iska yayin da ake haɗa kyamarorin sa ido a kan wani babban giciye na ƙarfe.
Wannan shi ne Official. Unofficial. Belarus., aikin fasaha na farko mai girma na Belarus Free Theatre (BFT). Ba kamar yadda aka saba ba, wannan aikin na ƙungiyar da ke gudun hijira ba shi da wani ɓangaren wasan kwaikwayo. A maimakon haka, masu zane-zane, masu sassaƙa, mawaƙa, har ma da mutumin da aka zaɓa kwanan nan a matsayin mafi kyawun mai dafa abinci a duniya ne suka ƙirƙira shi. Rasmus Munk yana haɓaka wani abinci a gidan cin abinci nasa mai tauraro biyu na Michelin a Copenhagen wanda zai ɗanɗana kamar tsarewa a ƙarƙashin mulkin kama-karya—jigon dukan shirin. An kuma ba da umarnin wani ƙamshi na musamman: zai yi ƙamshi kamar sabon kabari da aka haƙa a ƙauyen Belarus a ƙarshen watan Agusta, wanda aka rufe da furanni masu ruɓewa.
Idan duk wannan yana da matuƙar buri, waɗanda suka kafa BFT za su fara yarda. Natalia Kaliada da mijinta Nicolai Khalezin, waɗanda ke zaune a Landan tun 2011, sun samar da wasu daga cikin mafi ƙalubalen wasan kwaikwayo na siyasa a cikin 'yan shekarun nan—daga Being Harold Pinter a 2007 zuwa wasan opera da aka zaɓa don Olivier King Stakh's Wild Hunt. Amma ba su taɓa yin mafarkin shirya wani nuni ba. A gaskiya, wannan ba gaskiya ba ne, in ji Khalezin. Tsohon mai kula da nune-nune, ya so ya wakilci Belarus a Venice shekaru da suka wuce, amma "gwamnati ta gaya mani, 'Ga masu zane-zanen da za ka zaɓa daga cikinsu.'" Tun 1994, ƙasarsa ta kasance ƙarƙashin ikon mai mulkin kama-karya kuma abokin Putin Alexander Lukashenko, wanda ya saci zaɓe biyu na ƙarshe kuma ya daure dubban masu adawa.
A maimakon haka, 'yarsu Daniella Kaliada ce ta jagoranci wannan aikin. A yau, tana tafiya a kusa da giciyen ƙarfe a cikin hular wasan ƙwallon kwando da takalmi, tana yin gyare-gyare. An sayi kyamarorin sa ido sababbi amma ana goge su don su yi kama da na daɗe. Mai zane Sergey Grinevich ya nuna mata wani sabon abu—wani shafan fenti kore da fari da ake nufi ya yi kama da najasar tsuntsayen teku. Daniella tana ganin ya yi yawa kuma ta goge shi. Tana da shekara 26, tana saba da sarrafa masu zane-zane waɗanda suka girmi ta kuma suka fi ta taurin kai.
Wannan ya haɗa da mahaifiyarta. Ranata tana farawa a ɗaya daga cikin wuraren shan kofi na Belarus da Kaliadas ke so a Warsaw, inda rawaya mimosa ke rataye a saman rufi kuma ɗakin yana cike da hayaniyar 'yan gudun hijira. Natalia tana so in gwada syrniki, pancakes na cuku mai daɗi, amma Daniella ta yi fuska: "Na ƙi su sosai." Tana jin haka game da wasan kwaikwayo. "Koyaushe akwai haɗari," in ji ta, "cewa ana tura maka labari. Tare da fasahar gani, kowane mutum yana ƙirƙirar nasa."
Uwa da 'yar suna kama da juna sosai—masu jaddada magana, masu dumi, da kaifi—kuma suna sabani a kan komai: yadda za a motsa ƙungiya, adadin tsatsa da ya dace akan ƙarfe, inda za a tsaya don hotunan Guardian. "Amma mun yarda a kan inganci," in ji Natalia tana murmushi. "Yadda muke faɗa a bayan fage, yawan daren da muke kuka? Babu wanda ya damu."
An fara tambayar Daniella da KGB ta Belarus lokacin tana da shekara takwas, kuma tana tuna ranar da aka kama mahaifiyarta a wata zanga-zanga a 2010. "Nikolai yana gida, sai ƙararrawar ƙofa ta yi karfe 5 na safe. Na duba ta cikin ramin kallo na ga mutane shida sanye da abin rufe fuska. Muna zaune a gidan na tsawon sa'o'i shida, tare da ƙararrawar ƙofa tana ci gaba da ƙara, karenmu yana ihu, kuma wayar tana ƙara. Lokacin da ta tsaya, shirun ya kasance mai kurma."
An tsare Natalia na sa'o'i 20 kuma an yi mata barazanar fyade. "Kai ka yi shiru," in ji ta, "domin mafi munin shi ne rashin iko." An daure abokai na watanni. Shekaru da suka wuce, an sace mijin uwar gidan Daniella kuma aka kashe shi. "A kurkuku, ba ka fahimtar abin da zai faru. Kuma a wannan lokacin, kwakwalwarka ta daskare."
Rukunin Rasha a biennale yana nuna gazawar dokar ƙasa da ƙasa. Official. Unofficial. Belarus. zai yi ƙoƙarin ɗaukar duka abubuwan biyu: shirun waɗanda aka tsare da kuma tsoron waɗanda aka bari a baya. Suna kuma son yin wani batu mai faɗi game da iyakokin dijital akan 'yancin mutum. "Belarus wani nau'in haɗin kama-karya ne na musamman," in ji Daniella, "amma dukanmu muna iya fahimtar ra'ayin sa ido." Mahaifiyarta ta ƙara da cewa: "A Belarus, zan iya tafiya da abokai don yin magana a cikin daji in bar wayata. Yanzu ba komai idan ka bar wayarka—za a sami jirage marasa matuƙa. Babu wurin da mutum zai kasance lafiya."
Kamar yadda take take ya nuna, shirinsu na Venice ba rukunin hukuma ba ne amma "taron haɗin gwiwa" a Chiesa di San Giovanni Evangelista, domin rukunoni dole ne ma'aikatar al'adu ta nema. A wannan shekara, a karo na farko tun bayan mamayewar Ukraine, Rasha tana da rukunin hukuma. "Wannan gazawar doka da cibiyoyi na ƙasa da ƙasa ne," in ji Natalia. "Yana da alaƙa da gazawar duniya kan Ukraine. Wanene ake halatta? Lokacin da gwamnati ta ce, 'Rukunin yana zuwa,' yana nufin injina suna zuwa, kuɗi suna zuwa."
Rukunin Rasha yana ƙarƙashin kulawar Anastasia Karneeva, wacce ke gudanar da shawarwarin fasaha tare da 'yar ministan harkokin waje Sergey Lavrov. Mahaifinta babban jami'i ne a Rostec, babban kamfanin kera makamai na Rasha. "Yana da alaƙa da gwamnati a matakai mafi girma," in ji Daniella. Kaliadas suna fatan rukunin zai zama abin da za a mayar da hankali a kai don zanga-zanga—Pussy Riot suna yin alƙawarin karɓar iko—kuma ya kai ga sake duba dokokin biennale. "Don ƙyale kowace ƙasa ta shiga, ba tare da la'akari da siyasa ba, ya tsufa," in ji Daniella. "Idan Olympics za ta iya canzawa, me ya sa biennale ba za ta iya ba?"
Duba hoto a cikin cikakken allo
'Mugunta yana zaune kusa sosai' ... mawaƙi Olga Podgaiskaya da mijinta tare da Natalia Kaliada. Hoton: Anna Liminowicz/The Guardian
Muna tafiya zuwa St Alexander's, wani cocin Katolika da Belarusiyawa ke so wanda ke kan tsibiri a cikin zirga-zirgar ababen hawa. Mawaƙi Olga Podgaiskaya ta kwatanta shi da jirgin Nuhu: "A lokacin rani," in ji ta, "mutane suna zaune a ƙasa kuma yana jin kamar mu wannan da'irar mutane ne waɗanda suka tsira daga wani abu." Daga babban ɗakin sama, tana buga waƙar organ da ta shirya don Venice: jerin sa'o'i 20 na ƙararrawa, ƙararrawa, da shiru.
A watan Nuwamba na shekarar da ta gabata, an sace mijin Podgaiskaya a ziyarar Belarus, an tsare shi na kwanaki 15, kuma an azabtar da shi. "Ina so in yi kururuwa," in ji ta. "Amma lokacin da wani ya tafi kurkuku, ba za ka iya yin surutu ba domin ana dukan su." Tana fatan mutane za su ji wannan rauni a cikin waƙarta, wanda "tunatarwa ce cewa mugunta tana zaune kusa sosai. Ina kuma fatan mutanen gwamnati waɗanda suke kallonmu kullum—ina fatan zan iya warkar da su kaɗan." Shin KGB suna cikin masu sauraronta? "Tabbas," in ji Daniella, wacce ke fassara. "Muna kusa da iyaka sosai. Idan kana tunanin ba a binmu—to, ana binmu."
Yayin da muke tafiya zuwa ɗakin studio, na yi magana da Khalezin, wanda ya tashi a ranar, sanye da farar riga mai kyau kuma yana ɗauke da furanni ga matarsa. Ball ɗin littattafan nasa ne. "Wannan sake ba da labarin Sisyphus ne," in ji shi. "Ball ɗin ya faɗi daga dutsen kuma ya murƙushe hannun bulldozer. Domin lokacin da aka haramta littattafai a Belarus, ana yayyaga su kuma a binne su a ƙasa."
Khalezin kuma yana shirya wani shirin girki na YouTube, kowane mako yana ƙarfafa masu kallo na Belarus—waɗanda ke shiga ta hanyar VPNs—su kalli, sannan su share kuma su fasa biyan kuɗi. Wani baƙo na kwanan nan shine Stephen Fry. Wani shine Rasmus Munk, wanda daga baya ya gaya mani cewa gudummawarsa ga Venice za ta ɗauki nau'in...Sigar ƙarshe ita ce waina ta tarayya, wadda za a yi hidima a wurin cocin. An ƙi nau'ikan 20 saboda sun yi daɗi sosai ko kuma sun yi ƙarfi sosai. "Wanda Natalia da Daniella suka danganta da rashin bege ya narke nan take," in ji Munk. "An ɗanɗana shi da wani toho daga 'itacen ciwon hakori' wanda ke barin jin ƙarfi, kamar barkono na Sichuan." Ya canza launinsa zuwa launin toka na rigar sojojin Belarus.
A ɗakin studio, Grinevich yana aiki a kan manyan zane-zane guda biyu. Ɗaya yana nuna jerin mutane tsirara suna tsugunne ko suna addu'a; ɗayan kuma yana nuna taron samari a cikin abin rufe fuska, mai kama sosai da abin da Daniella ta gani ta cikin ramin kallo. Tsakanin su akwai wani zane na filin alkama, wanda zai rataya kusa da wani nau'in 3D da aka yi daga ciyawar da aka tara. "Zai kasance mai tsari sosai, marar rai sosai," in ji Daniella. A samansa, za su rataya "gizo-gizon bambaro," wani nau'in mafarkin Belarus, wanda aka yi daga sandunan kurkuku ta hannun mai zane Vladimir Tsesler.
Grinevich ya bar Belarus don ya zo nan kuma mai yiwuwa ba zai taɓa komawa ba. "Ina da abubuwa da yawa da zan rasa," in ji shi. "Wurin aiki na, zane-zane 500, gidan da na gina mai kyau." Ya yi karatu na shekaru 12 a Minsk, babban birnin Belarus, ya ƙware a fasahar abubuwan tunawa, kuma ya nuna al'adar ƙasar mai ƙarfi na masu zane-zane da suka yi hijira: Marc Chagall, Chaïm Soutine, da Nadia Léger, matar Fernand. Kafin mulkin Lukashenko, Grinevich ya zana farfagandar Soviet—hotunan Lenin da zane-zane na gine-ginen sojoji. Ya ce fasahar gwamnati ta yau "ta wuce gona da iri kuma ba ta da ƙwarewa," tana nuna sadaukarwa ga iko maimakon fasaha.
Duba hoto a cikin cikakken allo
'Ina da abubuwa da yawa da zan rasa' ... Biyayya ta Sergey Grinevich. Hoton: Anna Liminowicz/The Guardian
Duk da haka, yana buɗe don jagora: Daniella tana so ya gyara mutanen da ke sanye da abin rufe fuska don su yi kama da sauran jami'an tsaro, kamar jami'an ICE na Amurka, kuma ya sa su zama ba na Belarus musamman ba. "Jami'an ICE namu ba su da ban tsoro," in ji ta. "Samari ne matasa, kyawawa daga ƙauye."
Tun da farko, Natalia ta tsawata wa 'yarta a hankali saboda rashin haƙuri ga tsofaffin masu zane-zane, har da kanta—amma shirin ba zai wanzu ba tare da ƙarfin hali na matasa ba. "Lokacin da wata 'yar shekara 26 ta yanke shawarar kula da babban rukuni," in ji mahaifiyarta, "na tambaye ta, 'Me ya sa kike so ki yi hulɗa da fasaha da siyasa? Ki nisa!' Kuma ta ce, 'A'a, dole ne in yi, domin tsararraki masu zuwa suna buƙatar tashi.' Yana game da abin da muke yi yanzu don samun makoma."
Belarus ba gida ba ne kuma, in ji Natalia, amma tarin abubuwan tunawa—pancakes na mahaifiyarta, tafiya a cikin daji. An ƙwace gidansu bayan sun tafi, kuma abokai sun share duk wata alama ta hulɗa da su. Natalia ba ta tunanin haɗarin kai—"Ba zan iya kashe ƙarfina don gudu ba"—ta fi son ta mai da hankali kan fasaha. Na gaba shi ne wasan opera da ya dogara da The Elephant, wani labari na ba'a game da danniya na marubucin Belarus Sasha Filipenko, wanda a cikinsa wani giwa na gaske ya bayyana a kowane gida a ƙasar.
Natalia tana fata matsayin Rasha da Belarus a biennale ya kasance akasin haka, cewa Rashawa sun yi tsalle-tsalle don su kasance a can. Amma ƙoƙarin shirya wannan aikin ya nuna mata yadda mutanenta suke da ƙarfi a gudun hijira: fiye da rabinsa an ba da kuɗi, ba tare da suna ba, daga kamfanonin Belarus.
Yana da mahimmanci musamman a lokacin da iyakoki a ko'ina ke ƙara ƙarfi, in ji ta, tana ƙara da cewa tsoron da mulkin kama-karya ya saka yana ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo kafin ya ɓace, idan har ya taɓa yin hakan. "Cewa idan wani ya buga ƙofa, yana nufin ni ko Nicolai za a kama. Daniella ta gaya mini 'yan shekaru da suka wuce, a kan tafiya a Hyde Park, 'Yanzu ne kawai a hankali nake kawar da wannan.'"
Official. Unofficial. Belarus. yana a Chiesa di San Giovanni Evangelista a Venice Biennale, 9 ga Mayu – 22 ga Nuwamba. An gyara wannan labarin a ranar 28 ga Afrilu 2026. Wasan opera da ya lashe kyautar Olivier daga Belarus Free Theatre shine King Stakh's Wild Hunt. Wani sigar da ta gabata ta yi kuskuren ambatonsa. Na yi kuskure na amsa "Dogs of Europe," wanda wasan kwaikwayo ne na Belarus Free Theatre.
Tambayoyi da Aka Yi Yawa
Anan akwai jerin tambayoyin da aka yi yawa dangane da labarin Belarus Free Theatre a Venice Biennale da aka rubuta cikin yanayin tattaunawa na halitta
Tambayoyi na Matakin Farko
Tambaya Menene Belarus Free Theatre
Amsa Shahararriyar ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo ce mai lambar yabo daga Belarus Sun shahara da ƙirƙirar wasan kwaikwayo na siyasa masu ƙarfi waɗanda ke sukar gwamnatin kama-karya ta Alexander Lukashenko Saboda haka an tilasta musu yin hijira kuma yanzu suna yin wasan kwaikwayo a duk faɗin duniya
Tambaya Menene ma'anar Ƙararrawar ƙofa ta yi karfe 5 na safe Mutane shida sanye da abin rufe fuska suna waje
Amsa Wannan shine taken sabon wasan kwaikwayonsu Yana kwatanta wani abu mai ban tsoro na gaske da ya zama ruwan dare a Belarus jami'an sirri suna kai hari a gidajen mutane a tsakiyar dare Yana saita yanayin tsoro da firgici da suke nunawa
Tambaya Menene Venice Biennale
Amsa Ɗaya daga cikin muhimman bukukuwan fasaha da al'adu mafi daraja a duniya da ake gudanarwa kowace shekara biyu a Venice Italiya Babban mataki ne ga masu zane-zane da masu yin wasan kwaikwayo daga ko'ina cikin duniya
Tambaya Me ya sa wannan wasan kwaikwayo a Venice Biennale yake da mahimmanci
Amsa Babban mataki ne mai girma Biennale tana ba Belarus Free Theatre hasken duniya don gaya wa duniya game da gaskiyar rayuwa a ƙarƙashin mulkin kama-karya Yana sa duniya ta yi wuya ta yi watsi da abin da ke faruwa a Belarus
Tambaya Shin wannan wasan kwaikwayo ne na gargajiya tare da mataki da 'yan wasa
Amsa Mai yiwuwa ba haka ba Belarus Free Theatre ta shahara da amfani da hanyoyin da ba na gargajiya ba masu ban tsoro da ban mamaki Wasan kwaikwayonsu sau da yawa yana sanya masu sauraro a tsakiyar aikin don su ji tsoro da danniya
Tambayoyi na Matakin Ci Gaba
Tambaya Ta yaya wannan wasan kwaikwayo ke magana musamman game da ra'ayin mulkin kama-karya
Amsa Ba ya magana kawai game da shi yana sake ƙirƙirar jininsa Ta hanyar amfani da taken game da hari a wayewar gari suna shiga cikin ikon gwamnati akan rayuwar mutum sa ido na yau da kullum da kuma kutsawar 'yan sanda mai tashin hankali a gidan mutum Yana sa ra'ayin mulkin kama-karya ya zama abin jin tsoro
Tambaya Wadanne dabarun fasaha ne ƙungiyar ke amfani da su don ƙirƙirar wannan yanayin tsoro
Amsa Sau da yawa suna amfani da dabarun kamar
