Daraktan kuma tauraron da ya ci Oscar a fim din da ya yi nasara a ofishin akwatin game da haɗin gwiwar Nazi sun yi watsi da sukar cewa sun goge laifukan yaƙin a matsayin rashin gaskiya da "abin kunya."
Xavier Giannoli da ɗan wasan kwaikwayo Jean Dujardin sun mayar da martani ga muhawara mai zafi a tsakanin masana tarihi na Faransa game da fim ɗinsu Les Rayons et les Ombres (Hasken Rana da Inuwa), wanda ya ba da labarin baron jarida na lokacin yaƙi Jean Luchaire.
Luchaire, da farko mai son zaman lafiya, ya zama mai haɗin gwiwar Nazi a lokacin mamayar Faransa, yana aiki a matsayin kwamishina na bayanai da farfaganda ga gwamnatin Vichy ta ɗan tsana. An kashe shi saboda cin amanar ƙasa a 1946.
Giannoli ya ƙi zargin cewa ya ƙirƙira abin da wani mai suka ya kira "kwas na gaslighting na tarihi," yana mai dagewa cewa ya yi haɗin gwiwa kusa da masana tarihi kan rubutun wasan kwaikwayo. Ya bayyana harin masu suka a matsayin "ƙarya a zahiri."
"Manufata ita ce in ba da labarin mai haɗin gwiwa a cikin duniyarsa - munin abin ƙyama na mutanen da suke yin bukukuwa a ƙarƙashin fitilun fitilu, suna cin kabi da ƙananan burodi a lokacin Mamayar," in ji shi ga shirin al'amuran yau da kullun da al'adu Quotidien.
Lokacin da aka zarge shi da yin mummunar bayyana Ƙungiyar Resistance ta Faransa, mai shirya fim ɗin ya mayar da martani cikin fushi: "Abin kunya ne! Abin ƙyama ne! Rashin gaskiya ne sosai! Fim ɗin ya buɗe muhawara ta tarihi, amma ban yi tsammanin zai ɗauki irin wannan siffofi na siyasa ba. Muhawarar yanzu tana ƙetarewa bisa layukan siyasa na yau."
Luchaire ɗan jarida ne kuma baron jarida na Faransa wanda aka naɗa ministan bayanai a gwamnatin Vichy karkashin jagorancin Philippe Pétain. A cikin 1944, jaridarsa Les Nouveaux Temps ta yada farfagandar Nazi tana kira ga "kawar da" Ƙungiyar Resistance ta Faransa kuma ta buga labaran da ke kai hari ga sojojin ƙawance bayan ranar D-Day. A lokacin Mamayar, ya rayu cikin alatu, yana cin abinci a manyan gidajen abinci da halartar bukukuwa masu kyalli.
An ba da labarin fim ɗin ta fuskar 'yar Luchaire, Corinne, 'yar wasan kwaikwayo wadda aka taɓa yaba mata da "sabon Garbo," wanda Nastya Golubeva ta buga. Corinne ita ma ta yi haɗin gwiwa kuma ta yi bukukuwa a lokacin Mamayar kuma daga baya an daure ta saboda "rashin mutunci na ƙasa" bayan yaƙi. Ta mutu da tarin fuka a 1950.
Tun lokacin da aka fito da shi a tsakiyar Maris, Les Rayons et les Ombres ya jawo hankalin masu kallo sama da 800,000 a Faransa. Nasararsa abin mamaki ne, wani ɓangare saboda tsawonsa - fiye da sa'o'i uku - wanda ke iyakance nunin kullun.
Duk da haka, masu suka, ciki har da masana tarihi, sun kai hari kan fim ɗin don rage muhimmin rawar da Resistance da kuma makomar Yahudawan Paris waɗanda aka tattara aka tura su sansanonin mutuwar Nazi. Suna jayayya cewa fim ɗin yana ƙarfafa masu kallo su ji tausayin Luchaire da 'yarsa.
Luc Chessel, mai sukar fim a jaridar Libération ta hagu, ya rubuta: "Muna neman gafara don ɗan ƙaramin salon Ingilishi na Radio London, amma muna shaida kwas na gaslighting na tarihi." Ya kara da cewa, "Babbar matsalar fim ɗin ta ta'allaka ne a tsarin ɗabi'arsa ga dukan al'amarin."
A cikin Le Monde, masanin tarihi Bénédicte Vergez-Chaignon, ƙwararre a Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, ta soki fim ɗin "karkatar da lokaci da abubuwan da suka faru." Ta bayyana, "Jerin 'yancin' da aka ɗauka tare da gaskiyar tarihi - wasu daga cikinsu suna da ban tsoro - ba su da iyaka... Na yau da kullun na cewa hali ba ya tabawa gaba ɗaya mai kyau ko gaba ɗaya mara kyau bai ba da hujjar tilasta wa masu sauraro tausayi ba." Masu suka kuma sun yi jayayya game da zaɓin daraktan na taken, wanda ya fito daga tarin waƙoƙin Victor Hugo na 1840 "Les Rayons et les Ombres," inda Hugo ya yi jayayya cewa kowa ya ƙunshi nagarta da mugunta.
Giannoli ya yi watsi da yawancin sukar a matsayin "ƙarya a zahiri." Ya ba da shawarar cewa hare-haren, galibi daga wallafe-wallafen hagu da masu bita, sun samo asali ne daga siyasa. "Haɓakar jam'iyyar National Rally na iya yin tasiri a hankali ga martanin masu sharhi game da fim ɗin," in ji shi. "Na yi aiki mai yawa tare da masana tarihi waɗanda suka ƙware a wannan zamani, kuma daga wannan binciken, na rubuta rubutun wasan kwaikwayo. Rubutun wasan kwaikwayo ba shi ne ka'idar tarihi ba. Ba shirin gaskiya ba ne. Don da'awar muna sanya Jean da Corinne Luchaire masu tausayi rashin gaskiya ne sosai."
Daraktan ya kara da cewa ko a yau, tattaunawa game da haɗin gwiwar yaƙi a Faransa har yanzu yana da wahala. "Vichy ya kasance hargitsi na ɗabi'a. Ƙungiyar dama ta kasance a cikinta, amma wasu mutanen hagu sun yi haɗin gwiwa, haka ma wasu masu son zaman lafiya. Waɗannan masu suka suna son da'awar cewa hagu ba ta yi haɗin gwiwa ba... amma tarihi yana da rikitarwa, kamar yadda fim ɗin ya nuna. Babu wani yunƙuri na yafe wa waɗannan mutane."
Dujardin, wanda ya ci lambar yabo ta Oscar ta farko ta Faransa don Mafi kyawun Actor saboda rawar da ya taka a fim ɗin 2011 "The Artist," ya ce ya fahimci takaicin Giannoli. "Masu mulkin kama-karya ba koyaushe dodo ne ko masu hura wuta ba. Manyan masu mulkin kama-karya sun kasance mutane kuma har ma masu tausayi a farkon," in ji shi, yana bayyana Luchaire a matsayin "sabani." "Ya kasance ɗan adam na hagu a cikin 1930s, amma son zaman lafiyarsa ya zama mai tsanani; a gare shi, komai don guje wa yaƙi."
Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi
Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi Daraktan Faransa ya kare fim kan mai haɗin gwiwar Nazi
Tambayoyin Matakin Farawa
1 Menene wannan rigima game da
Daraktan Faransa ya yi fim game da wani dan Faransa mai haɗin gwiwar Nazi a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na II Yawancin masana tarihi da masu suka suna zargin fim ɗin da karkatar da hujjojin tarihi da gabatar da hoton mai haɗin gwiwar da ba daidai ba wanda ke ba da tausayi sosai Daraktan yana kare zaɓin fasaharsa
2 Wanene daraktan kuma menene sunan fim ɗin
Daraktan shine Cédric Jimenez Fim ɗin yana da suna L'Empereur de Paris
3 Wanene mai haɗin gwiwar Nazi a cikin fim ɗin
Fim ɗin ya mayar da hankali kan Maurice Papon, babban jami'in farar hula na Faransa A lokacin WWII ya taimaka wajen shirya korar Yahudawa sama da 1600 daga Bordeaux Bayan yaƙi, ya riƙe manyan mukamai na gwamnati kafin a yanke masa hukunci kan laifukan cin zarafin bil'adama a 1998
4 Menene manyan zarge-zargen da ake yi wa fim ɗin
Masu suka suna cewa fim ɗin yana rage muhimmin rawar da Papon ya taka a Holocaust yana nuna cewa shi mai jinkiri ne ko kuma bai sani ba kuma ya fi mayar da hankali kan aikinsa na bayan yaƙi na ofis, ta haka yana goge ko karkatar da mahimmanci na ayyukansa na lokacin yaƙi.
5 Me yasa daraktan ya ce ya yi fim ɗin ta wannan hanyar
Daraktan yawanci yana jayayya cewa yana bincika yankunan launin toka na tarihi, rikitarwar zaɓin mutum ɗaya a ƙarƙashin mulkin kama-karya ko banbanci na mugunta a cikin tsarin ofis. Yana iya bayyana manufarsa ita ce ta haifar da tunani, ba don isar da shirin gaskiya na tarihi kai tsaye ba.
Tambayoyin Ci gaba da Aiki
6 Menene bambanci tsakanin wasan kwaikwayo na tarihi da karkatar da tarihi
Wasan kwaikwayo na tarihi yana amfani da abubuwan da suka faru na gaske a matsayin tsarin don ba da labari na fasaha, wani lokacin yana cike gibin da almara mai ma'ana. Karkatar da tarihi da gangan yana canza ko barin mahimman hujjoji ta hanyar da ta ɓata ainihin gaskiyar abubuwan da suka faru, musamman lokacin da ya ba da uzuri ko rage laifukan. Masu suka sun sanya wannan fim ɗin a cikin rukuni na ƙarshe.
7 Me yasa wannan ke da mahimmanci a Faransa musamman
Faransa tana da alaƙa mai rikitarwa
