Kuri'ar ƙasa kan wani shawara mai tsattsauran ra'ayi na dama-dama wanda ba a taɓa ganin irinsa ba, na takaita yawan jama'ar Switzerland zuwa miliyan 10, za ta ƙare a karshen wannan mako, tare da gargadin cewa idan ta wuce, za ta iya lalata tattalin arzikin ƙasar sosai.
Kuri'ar "eh" za ta bukaci gwamnatin Switzerland ta dauki matakai don takaita yawan jama'a zuwa miliyan 10 nan da shekarar 2050. Idan yawan jama'a ya kai miliyan 9.5 kafin wannan lokacin, gwamnati za ta tilasta sanya takunkumi mai tsauri kan sake haduwar iyali, izinin zama, da mafaka. Idan har yanzu an wuce miliyan 10 kafin 2050, shawarar—wadda jam'iyyar Swiss People's Party (SVP) mai tsattsauran ra'ayi ta gabatar—za ta tilasta gwamnati ta fice daga yarjejeniyar 'yancin motsi da EU, tare da katse hanyar shiga kasuwar guda ta kungiyar.
Tsarin dimokuradiyya kai tsaye na Switzerland yana ba da damar "shirye-shiryen jama'a" da za su je kuri'ar raba gardama idan sun tara magoya baya 100,000 a cikin watanni 18. Wadannan kuri'u, galibi ana gudanar da su sau hudu a shekara, kayan aiki ne da SVP mai adawa da shige da fice ke so.
Yawan jama'ar Switzerland ya karu da sauri fiye da kasashen makwabta na EU, inda ya karu da kashi 23% tun lokacin da yarjejeniyar 'yancin motsi ta fara aiki a shekarar 2002. A wannan lokacin, yawan tattalin arzikin ya karu da kusan kashi 24%, bisa ga alkaluman gwamnati.
Kimanin kashi 27% na mazauna Switzerland ba 'yan ƙasa ba ne. Magoya bayan shirin "A'a ga Switzerland mai miliyan 10" sun ce kwararar ma'aikata daga EU galibi, tana matsa lamba mara iyaka kan gidaje, makarantu, sufuri, jindadi, da kuma salon rayuwar Switzerland kanta.
"Shige da fice mara sarrafawa yana sa Switzerland ta yi girma da sauri fiye da kima. Mummunan tasirin yana bayyana a kowane fanni na rayuwa," in ji SVP, jam'iyya mafi girma a majalisar Switzerland tun 1999, a yakin neman zabenta.
Gwamnatin mai mambobi bakwai, wadda ta ƙunshi ministoci daga manyan jam'iyyu hudu na Switzerland—ciki har da SVP—ta hada kai don adawa da shirin. Tana gargadin cewa shawarar za ta yi barazana ga zaman lafiyar ƙasa, ta cutar da tattalin arziki, kuma ta lalata wadatar Switzerland.
Mafi rinjaye a majalisun biyu sun kuma ba da shawarar kin amincewa da shirin, tare da kungiyar kwadago ta Switzerland, Ƙungiyar Ma'aikata ta Switzerland, da Economiesuisse, babbar kungiyar kasuwanci ta ƙasar.
Rudolf Minsch, babban masanin tattalin arziki a Economiesuisse, ya kira shirin wani yunkuri na populist don gyara matsaloli masu rikitarwa da takaitaccen iyaka na wucin gadi. "Yana sayar da ruɗin abinci kyauta kuma ba zai magance matsalolin gidaje ko zirga-zirgar mu ba," in ji shi.
Thomas Matter, dan majalisar SVP, ya yi watsi da wadannan damuwa a matsayin tsoratarwa. "Ba mu adawa da shige da fice ba, amma dole ne ya kasance mai matsakaici da sarrafawa," in ji shi. "A da, muna da shige da fice mai inganci; yanzu muna da shige da fice mai yawa."
Jam'iyyun dama-dama na populist a duk faɗin Turai sun yi amfani da—kuma sun kara rura wutar—damuwa game da shige da fice, kamar yadda aka gani a kuri'ar Brexit ta Biritaniya a 2016 da karuwar goyon baya ga jam'iyyu kamar National Rally ta Faransa da AfD ta Jamus.
Duk da haka, yayin da kasashe da yawa ke takaita shige da fice, babu wata ƙasa da ta taɓa yin kuri'a a fili don takaita yawan jama'arta, in ji Philippe Wanner, masanin ilimin yawan jama'a a Jami'ar Geneva—ko da yake kasashe kamar Sin sun zartar da dokoki don rage karuwar yawan jama'a.
Kamar yawancin kasashen Turai, Switzerland tana bukatar shige da fice saboda yawan haihuwa yana raguwa kuma yawan jama'a yana tsufa a hankali. Ana sa ran adadin mutanen da suka haura shekaru 65 zai karu daga kashi 21% zuwa fiye da kashi 27% nan da shekarar 2055.
Kuri'un jin ra'ayin jama'a na baya-bayan nan sun nuna cewa yakin neman adawa da shirin ya samu gindin zama tun lokacin da aka sanar da kuri'ar raba gardama a watan Fabrairu, amma yawancin bincike sun nuna gasar za ta kasance ta kusa. Ana hasashen sansanin "a'a" zai yi nasara da kusan kashi 52% na kuri'un.
Wuraren zabe za su bude na dan lokaci a ranar Lahadi don kada kuri'a da hannu, amma har zuwa kashi 90% na masu jefa kuri'a na Switzerland galibi suna kada kuri'a ta hanyar wasiku. Don wucewa, dole ne shirin ya lashe kuri'ar jama'a da kuma mafi rinjaye na cikakkun kananan hukumomi 23 da rabin kananan hukumomi shida na Switzerland.
Sakamakon ya kamata a san shi da tsakar rana a ranar Lahadi da yamma.
